1
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Castilla AM, Draper ER, Nolan MC, Brasnett C, Seddon A, Mears LLE, Cowieson N, Adams DJ. Self-sorted Oligophenylvinylene and Perylene Bisimide Hydrogels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8380. [PMID: 28827598 PMCID: PMC5566499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe two component hydrogels with networks composed of self-sorted fibres. The component gelators are based on 1,4-distyrylbenzene (OPV3) and perylene bisimide (PBI) units. Self-sorted gels can be formed by a slow decrease in pH, which leads to sequential assembly. We demonstrate self-sorting by NMR, rheology and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Photoconductive xerogels can be prepared by drying these gels. The wavelength response of the xerogel is different to that of the PBI alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Castilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Emily R Draper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.,School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael C Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.,School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Christopher Brasnett
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Annela Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.,Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Laura L E Mears
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Nathan Cowieson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Dave J Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK. .,School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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2
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Zeng H, Zhang C, Huang Y, Lu Z. A Novel Ratiometric Oxygen Sensor Based On a Sextuple Hydrogen-Bonding Self-Assembly Molecular Heterodimer. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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3
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Shoer LE, Eaton SW, Margulies EA, Wasielewski MR. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in 2,5,8,11-Tetrakis-Donor-Substituted Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximides). J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:7635-43. [PMID: 25459236 DOI: 10.1021/jp511624s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of electron donor-acceptor compounds based on substitution of perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) with four electron donors at the 2,5,8,11-positions were synthesized and characterized using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The distance between the PDI and the N,N-dimethylaniline or phenothiazine donors was varied using one or two phenyl groups. Photoexcitation of PDI results in rapid charge separation followed by charge recombination with time constants ranging from tens of picoseconds to nanoseconds. The electron transfer time constants are compared with those of the corresponding molecules in which the donor is attached to the PDI through its imide nitrogen atom. The electron transfer reactions through the 2,5,8,11-positions of PDI are generally much faster than those through the imide nitrogen positions, in concert with stronger donor electronic coupling to the PDI acceptor core and in contrast to substituents at the imide positions through which the HOMO and LUMO nodal planes pass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Shoer
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Samuel W Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Eric A Margulies
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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4
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Saibal B, Ashar AZ, Devi RN, Narayan KS, Asha SK. Nanostructured donor-acceptor self assembly with improved photoconductivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:19434-19448. [PMID: 25283356 DOI: 10.1021/am5055542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured supramolecular donor-acceptor assemblies were formed when an unsymmetrical N-substituted pyridine functionalized perylenebisimide (UPBI-Py) was complexed with oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPVM-OH) complementarily functionalized with hydroxyl unit and polymerizable methacrylamide unit at the two termini. The resulting supramolecular complex [UPBI-Py (OPVM-OH)]1.0 upon polymerization by irradiation in the presence of photoinitiator formed well-defined supramolecular polymeric nanostructures. Self-assembly studies using fluorescence emission from thin film samples showed that subtle structural changes occurred on the OPV donor moiety following polymerization. The 1:1 supramolecular complex showed red-shifted aggregate emission from both OPV (∼500 nm) and PBI (∼640 nm) units, whereas the OPV aggregate emission was replaced by intense monomeric emission (∼430 nm) upon polymerizing the methacrylamide units on the OPVM-OH. The bulk structure was studied using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD). Complex formation resulted in distinct changes in the cell parameters of OPVM-OH. In contrast, a physical mixture of 1 mol each of OPVM-OH and UPBI-Py prepared by mixing the powdered solid samples together showed only a combination of reflections from both parent molecules. Thin film morphology of the 1:1 molecular complex as well as the supramolecular polymer complex showed uniform lamellar structures in the domain range <10 nm. The donor-acceptor supramolecular complex [UPBI-Py (OPVM-OH)]1.0 exhibited space charge limited current (SCLC) with a bulk mobility estimate of an order of magnitude higher accompanied by a higher photoconductivity yield compared to the pristine UPBI-Py. This is a very versatile method to obtain spatially defined organization of n and p-type semiconductor materials based on suitably functionalized donor and acceptor molecules resulting in improved photocurrent response using self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Saibal
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, ‡Catalysis & Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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5
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Lindquist RJ, Lefler KM, Brown KE, Dyar SM, Margulies EA, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Energy flow dynamics within cofacial and slip-stacked perylene-3,4-dicarboximide dimer models of π-aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14912-23. [PMID: 25245598 DOI: 10.1021/ja507653p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Robust perylene-3,4-dicarboximide (PMI) π-aggregates provide important light-harvesting and electron-hole pair generation advantages in organic photovoltaics and related applications, but relatively few studies have focused on the electronic interactions between PMI chromophores. In contrast, structure-function relationships based on π-π stacking in the related perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximides) (PDIs) have been widely investigated. The performance of both PMI and PDI derivatives in organic devices may be limited by the formation of low-energy excimer trap states in morphologies where interchromophore coupling is strong. Here, five covalently bound PMI dimers with varying degrees of electronic interaction were studied to probe the relative chromophore orientations that lead to excimer energy trap states. Femtosecond near-infrared transient absorption spectroscopy was used to observe the growth of a low-energy transition at ~1450-1520 nm characteristic of the excimer state in these covalent dimers. The excimer-state absorption appears in ~1 ps, followed by conformational relaxation over 8-17 ps. The excimer state then decays in 6.9-12.8 ns, as measured by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The excimer lifetimes reach a maximum for a slip-stacked geometry in which the two PMI molecules are displaced along their long axes by one phenyl group (~4.3 Å). Additional displacement of the PMIs by a biphenyl spacer along the long axis prevents excimer formation. Symmetry-breaking charge transfer is not observed in any of the PMI dimers, and only a small triplet yield (<5%) is observed for the cofacial PMI dimers. These data provide structural insights for minimizing excimer trap states in organic devices based on PMI derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Lindquist
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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6
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Margulies EA, Shoer LE, Eaton SW, Wasielewski MR. Excimer formation in cofacial and slip-stacked perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) dimers on a redox-inactive triptycene scaffold. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:23735-42. [PMID: 25272158 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Excitation energy transfer in perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) aggregates is of interest for light-harvesting applications of this strongly absorbing and π-π stacking chromophore. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of two PDI dimers in which the chromophores are covalently linked by a redox-inactive triptycene bridge in orientations that are cofacial (1) and slip-stacked along their N-N axes (2). Femtosecond transient absorption experiments on 1 and 2 reveal rapid exciton delocalization resulting excimer formation. Cofacial π-π stacked dimer 1 forms a low-energy excimer state absorption (λmax = 1666 nm) in τ = ∼2 ps after photoexcitation. Inserting a phenyl spacer on the bridge to generate a slip-stacked PDI-PDI geometry in 2 results in a less stable excimer state (λmax = 1430 nm), which forms in τ = ∼12 ps due to decreased electronic coupling. The near-infrared (NIR) excimer absorption of cofacial dimer 1 is ∼120 meV lower in energy than that of slip-stacked dimer 2, further highlighting electronic differences between these states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Margulies
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
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7
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Praveen VK, Ranjith C, Bandini E, Ajayaghosh A, Armaroli N. Oligo(phenylenevinylene) hybrids and self-assemblies: versatile materials for excitation energy transfer. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4222-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60406c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of the nanostructure of OPV based self-assemblies allows control of photoinduced energy transfer processes, leading to materials exhibiting tunable luminescence colours, including white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vakayil K. Praveen
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR)
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Choorikkat Ranjith
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Bandini
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR)
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST)
- Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Nicola Armaroli
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR)
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
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8
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Lefler KM, Brown KE, Salamant WA, Dyar SM, Knowles KE, Wasielewski MR. Triplet State Formation in Photoexcited Slip-Stacked Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) Dimers on a Xanthene Scaffold. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10333-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4083008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Lefler
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kristen E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Walter A. Salamant
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kathryn E. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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9
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Eaton SW, Shoer LE, Karlen SD, Dyar SM, Margulies EA, Veldkamp BS, Ramanan C, Hartzler DA, Savikhin S, Marks TJ, Wasielewski MR. Singlet exciton fission in polycrystalline thin films of a slip-stacked perylenediimide. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14701-12. [PMID: 24011336 DOI: 10.1021/ja4053174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of N,N-bis(n-octyl)-2,5,8,11-tetraphenylperylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide), 1, obtained by X-ray diffraction reveals that 1 has a nearly planar perylene core and π-π stacks at a 3.5 Å interplanar distance in well-separated slip-stacked columns. Theory predicts that slip-stacked, π-π-stacked structures should enhance interchromophore electronic coupling and thus favor singlet exciton fission. Photoexcitation of vapor-deposited polycrystalline 188 nm thick films of 1 results in a 140 ± 20% yield of triplet excitons ((3*)1) in τ(SF) = 180 ± 10 ps. These results illustrate a design strategy for producing perylenediimide and related rylene derivatives that have the optimized interchromophore electronic interactions which promote high-yield singlet exciton fission for potentially enhancing organic solar cell performance and charge separation in systems for artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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10
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Ziessel R, Ulrich G, Haefele A, Harriman A. An Artificial Light-Harvesting Array Constructed from Multiple Bodipy Dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11330-44. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4049306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Ziessel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique
et Spectroscopies Avancées (ICPEES-LCOSA), UMR 7515 au CNRS,
Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel,
67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique
et Spectroscopies Avancées (ICPEES-LCOSA), UMR 7515 au CNRS,
Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel,
67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Alexandre Haefele
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique
et Spectroscopies Avancées (ICPEES-LCOSA), UMR 7515 au CNRS,
Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel,
67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Anthony Harriman
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory,
School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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11
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Ma X, Guo Y, Wang T, Su Z. Scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of self-assembled poly(3-hexylthiophene) monolayer. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:014701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4811236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Maiti DK, Banerjee A. A peptide based two component white light emitting system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:6909-11. [PMID: 23800981 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43371d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A peptide based two component white light emitting system has been designed and developed on the basis of a co-assembly of a PDI containing peptide system as an acceptor and a stilbene containing peptide system as a donor in organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibakar Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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13
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Mickley Conron SM, Shoer LE, Smeigh AL, Ricks AB, Wasielewski MR. Photoinitiated Electron Transfer in Zinc Porphyrin–Perylenediimide Cruciforms and Their Self-Assembled Oligomers. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:2195-204. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311067q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Mickley Conron
- Department
of Chemistry and Argonne—Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Leah E. Shoer
- Department
of Chemistry and Argonne—Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Amanda L. Smeigh
- Department
of Chemistry and Argonne—Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Annie Butler Ricks
- Department
of Chemistry and Argonne—Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry and Argonne—Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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14
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Baruah PK, Khan S. Self-complementary quadruple hydrogen bonding motifs: from design to function. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43814g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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15
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Jiménez ÁJ, Calderón RMK, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Guldi DM, Torres T. Synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties of a melamine-mediated hydrogen-bound phthalocyanine–perylenediimide assembly. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21773b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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16
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Lefler KM, Co DT, Wasielewski MR. Self-Assembly-Induced Ultrafast Photodriven Charge Separation in Perylene-3,4-dicarboximide-Based Hydrogen-Bonded Foldamers. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:3798-3805. [PMID: 26291113 DOI: 10.1021/jz3018946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, self-assembly characteristics, and ultrafast electron transfer dynamics of a perylene-3,4-dicarboximide (PMI) covalently linked to an N,N'-bis(3,4,5-tridodecyloxyphenyl)melamine electron donor (D) via a biphenyl spacer (PMI-Ph2-D). Synchrotron-based small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) measurements in methylcyclohexane solution show that PMI-Ph2-D self-assembles into π-π stacked, hydrogen-bonded foldamers consisting of two or three hexameric rings or helices. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that photoinduced charge separation within these nanostructures occurs by a unique pathway that is emergent in the assembly, whereas electron transfer does not occur in the PMI-Ph2-D monomers in tetrahydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Lefler
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Dick T Co
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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17
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Samanta SK, Bhattacharya S. Wide-Range Light-Harvesting Donor-Acceptor Assemblies through Specific Intergelator Interactions via Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2012; 18:15875-85. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Liu L, Wang L, Liu C, Fu Z, Meier H, Cao D. Dimerization Control in the Self-Assembly Behavior of Copillar[5]arenes Bearing ω-Hydroxyalkoxy Groups. J Org Chem 2012; 77:9413-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301779y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luzhi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641,
China
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical
Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning
530004, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641,
China
| | - Changchun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641,
China
| | - Zhiyong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641,
China
| | - Herbert Meier
- Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099
Mainz, Germany
| | - Derong Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641,
China
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19
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20
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Bairi P, Roy B, Nandi AK. A light harvesting Bi-component hydrogel with a riboflavin acceptor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10850-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Xu LP, Liu Y, Zhang X. Interfacial self-assembly of amino acids and peptides: scanning tunneling microscopy investigation. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:4901-4915. [PMID: 22057641 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr11070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play important roles in human daily life. To take advantage of the lessons learned from nature, it is essential to investigate the self-assembly of subunits of proteins, i.e., amino acids and polypeptides. Due to its high resolution and versatility of working environment, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has become a powerful tool for studying interfacial molecular assembly structures. This review is intended to reflect the progress in studying interfacial self-assembly of amino acids and peptides by STM. In particular, we focus on environment-induced polymorphism, chiral recognition, and coadsorption behavior with molecular templates. These studies would be highly beneficial to research endeavors exploring the mechanism and nanoscale-controlling molecular assemblies of amino acids and polypeptides on surfaces, understanding the origin of life, unravelling the essence of disease at the molecular level and deeming what is necessary for the "bottom-up" nanofabrication of molecular devices and biosensors being constructed with useful properties and desired performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Xu
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
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22
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Hayashi H, Ohkubo K, Karasawa S, Koga N. Assemblies of functional small-sized molecules having 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl responsive to heat and pH in water and their water proton relaxivities. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:12709-12719. [PMID: 21875113 DOI: 10.1021/la2029565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
1,3,5-Triureabenzene derivatives carrying alkyl (C(n)) and poly(ethylene glycol) (Eg(m)) chains C(n)Eg(3) (1, 2, and 3, n = 6, 7, and 8, respectively) and C(n)N(X)Eg(m) (4 and 5, X = M (methyl), n = 6 and 8, respectively, m = 3; 6 and 7, X = T (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, TEMPO), n = 6, m = 3 and 6, respectively) were prepared. All compounds in aqueous solutions exhibited the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phenomena unique for small-sized molecules and formed self-assemblies above the transition temperature, T(t), of the LCST. Only compound 3 formed a hydrogel with a minimum gelation concentration of 0.5 mM (0.05 wt %). In 1.0 mM aqueous solution, the T(t) values were determined to be in the range of 12-40 °C. In addition, the T(t) values for 4-7 containing tertiary amine also responded to the solution pH with high sensitivity. The LCST behaviors for all compounds were reversible in the cycles of warming and cooling. The water proton relaxivities, r(1), for 6 and 7 carrying TEMPO were altered below and above T(t) and were largely reduced by the formation of self-assemblies above T(t). Compound 6 showed r(1) values at 25 °C of 0.92 and 0.23 mM(-1) s(-1) at pH 7.0 and 6.0, respectively. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, globular particles with polydispersity were observed, and their average hydrodynamic diameters (D(H)) were determined to be in the range of 2400-730 nm by dynamic light scattering. In the TEM and scanning electron microscopy images of a xerogel sample of 3, bundles of fibers with a diameter of ca. 10 nm and a network structure, respectively, were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Linder T, Badiola E, Baumgartner T, Sutherland TC. Synthesis of π-Extended Thiadiazole (Oxides) and Their Electronic Properties. Org Lett 2010; 12:4520-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1018213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Linder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Eider Badiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Thomas Baumgartner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Todd C. Sutherland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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Harriman A, Mallon LJ, Elliot KJ, Haefele A, Ulrich G, Ziessel R. Length Dependence for Intramolecular Energy Transfer in Three- and Four-Color Donor−Spacer−Acceptor Arrays. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13375-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9038856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Harriman
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Laura J. Mallon
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Kristopher J. Elliot
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Alexandre Haefele
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Raymond Ziessel
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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Bullock JE, Carmieli R, Mickley SM, Vura-Weis J, Wasielewski MR. Photoinitiated Charge Transport through π-Stacked Electron Conduits in Supramolecular Ordered Assemblies of Donor−Acceptor Triads. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:11919-29. [DOI: 10.1021/ja903903q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Bullock
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Sarah M. Mickley
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Josh Vura-Weis
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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Carmieli R, Zeidan TA, Kelley RF, Mi Q, Lewis FD, Wasielewski MR. Excited state, charge transfer, and spin dynamics in DNA hairpin conjugates with perylenediimide hairpin linkers. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4691-700. [PMID: 19239215 DOI: 10.1021/jp900230q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of short DNA hairpins (nG) using perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) as the hairpin linker was synthesized in which the distance between the PDI and a guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pair is systematically varied by changing the number (n - 1) of adenine-thymine (A-T) base pairs between them. Due to the relatively large hydrophobic surface of PDI, the nG hairpins dimerize in buffer solutions. The photophysics and photochemistry of these hairpins were investigated using femtosecond transient absorption and time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectroscopy. Photoexcitation of the self-assembled PDI dimer within each nG hairpin results in subpicosecond formation of its lower exciton state ((1*)PDI(2)) followed by formation of an excimer-like state ((1*X)PDI(2)) with tau = 10-28 ps. Both of these states are lower in energy than (1*)PDI, so that neither can oxidize A, C, and T. Electron transfer from G to (1*)PDI(2) is faster than formation of (1*X)PDI(2) only for 1G. Electron transfer from G to (1*X)PDI(2) for 2G-8G, occurs by the superexchange mechanism and, thus, becomes exponentially less efficient as the G-PDI(2) distance increases. Nevertheless, TREPR studies show that photoexcitation of 2G and 4G produce spin-correlated radical ion pairs having electron spin polarization patterns indicating that a low yield of charge separation proceeds from (1*X)PDI(2) by the radical pair intersystem crossing (RP-ISC) mechanism to initially yield a singlet radical ion pair. The strong spin-polarization of the radical ion pairs makes it possible to observe them, even though their concentration is low. As expected, the hairpin lacking G (0G) and that having the longest G-PDI(2) distance (8G) display no TREPR radical ion pair signals. Hairpins 0G, 2G, 4G, and 8G all exhibit triplet EPR spectra at 85 K. Simulations of the spectra show that (3*)PDI is produced mainly by a spin-orbit-induced intersystem crossing mechanism, while the spectra of 2G and 4G have 5% and 21% contributions, respectively, from (3*)PDI produced by charge recombination of radical ion pairs that originate from RP-ISC. These low percentages of RP-ISC derived (3*)PDI result mainly from the low yield of radical ion pairs in 2G and 4G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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Wilson TM, Tauber MJ, Wasielewski MR. Toward an n-Type Molecular Wire: Electron Hopping within Linearly Linked Perylenediimide Oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:8952-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja902258g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thea M. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314
| | - Michael J. Tauber
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314
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Yang XG, Yuan H, Zhao QL, Yang Q, Chen XH. Self-assembly constructed by perylene bisimide derivatives bearing complementary hydrogen-bonding moieties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11771-009-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Pichlmaier M, Winter RF, Zabel M. Electron Transfer Across Multiple Hydrogen Bonds: The Case of Ureapyrimidinedione-Substituted Vinyl Ruthenium and Osmium Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:4892-903. [DOI: 10.1021/ja809566g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Pichlmaier
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany, and J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany, and J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Manfred Zabel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany, and J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
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Hirst AR, Escuder B, Miravet JF, Smith DK. High-tech applications of self-assembling supramolecular nanostructured gel-phase materials: from regenerative medicine to electronic devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:8002-18. [PMID: 18825737 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 923] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
It is likely that nanofabrication will underpin many technologies in the 21st century. Synthetic chemistry is a powerful approach to generate molecular structures that are capable of assembling into functional nanoscale architectures. There has been intense interest in self-assembling low-molecular-weight gelators, which has led to a general understanding of gelation based on the self-assembly of molecular-scale building blocks in terms of non-covalent interactions and packing parameters. The gelator molecules generate hierarchical, supramolecular structures that are macroscopically expressed in gel formation. Molecular modification can therefore control nanoscale assembly, a process that ultimately endows specific material function. The combination of supramolecular chemistry, materials science, and biomedicine allows application-based materials to be developed. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering using molecular gels as nanostructured scaffolds for the regrowth of nerve cells has been demonstrated in vivo, and the prospect of using self-assembled fibers as one-dimensional conductors in gel materials has captured much interest in the field of nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Hirst
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Hirst A, Escuder B, Miravet J, Smith D. “High-Tech”-Anwendungen von supramolekularen nanostrukturierten Gelmaterialien - von der regenerativen Medizin bis hin zu elektronischen Bauelementen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hoeben FJ, Zhang J, Lee CC, Pouderoijen MJ, Wolffs M, Würthner F, Schenning AP, Meijer E, De Feyter S. Visualization of Various Supramolecular Assemblies of Oligo(para-phenylenevinylene)-Melamine and Perylene Bisimide. Chemistry 2008; 14:8579-89. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zeidan TA, Carmieli R, Kelley RF, Wilson TM, Lewis FD, Wasielewski MR. Charge-transfer and spin dynamics in DNA hairpin conjugates with perylenediimide as a base-pair surrogate. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13945-55. [PMID: 18811163 DOI: 10.1021/ja803765r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A perylenediimide chromophore (P) was incorporated into DNA hairpins as a base-pair surrogate to prevent the self-aggregation of P that is typical when it is used as the hairpin linker. The photoinduced charge-transfer and spin dynamics of these hairpins were studied using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved EPR spectroscopy (TREPR). P is a photooxidant that is sufficiently powerful to quantitatively inject holes into adjacent adenine (A) and guanine (G) nucleobases. The charge-transfer dynamics observed following hole injection from P into the A-tract of the DNA hairpins is consistent with formation of a polaron involving an estimated 3-4 A bases. Trapping of the (A 3-4) (+*) polaron by a G base at the opposite end of the A-tract from P is competitive with charge recombination of the polaron and P (-*) only at short P-G distances. In a hairpin having 3 A-T base pairs between P and G ( 4G), the radical ion pair that results from trapping of the hole by G is spin-correlated and displays TREPR spectra at 295 and 85 K that are consistent with its formation from (1*)P by the radical-pair intersystem crossing mechanism. Charge recombination is spin-selective and produces (3*)P, which at 85 K exhibits a spin-polarized TREPR spectrum that is diagnostic of its origin from the spin-correlated radical ion pair. Interestingly, in a hairpin having no G bases ( 0G), TREPR spectra at 85 K revealed a spin-correlated radical pair with a dipolar interaction identical to that of 4G, implying that the A-base in the fourth A-T base pair away from the P chromophore serves as a hole trap. Our data suggest that hole injection and transport in these hairpins is completely dominated by polaron generation and movement to a trap site rather than by superexchange. On the other hand, the barrier for charge injection from G (+*) back onto the A-T base pairs is strongly activated, so charge recombination from G (or even A trap sites at 85 K) most likely proceeds by a superexchange mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Zeidan
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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Wang H, Kaiser TE, Uemura S, Würthner F. Perylene bisimide J-aggregates with absorption maxima in the NIR. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:1181-3. [DOI: 10.1039/b717407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Energy is the most important issue of the 21st century. About 85% of our energy comes from fossil fuels, a finite resource unevenly distributed beneath the Earth's surface. Reserves of fossil fuels are progressively decreasing, and their continued use produces harmful effects such as pollution that threatens human health and greenhouse gases associated with global warming. Prompt global action to solve the energy crisis is therefore needed. To pursue such an action, we are urged to save energy and to use energy in more efficient ways, but we are also forced to find alternative energy sources, the most convenient of which is solar energy for several reasons. The sun continuously provides the Earth with a huge amount of energy, fairly distributed all over the world. Its enormous potential as a clean, abundant, and economical energy source, however, cannot be exploited unless it is converted into useful forms of energy. This Review starts with a brief description of the mechanism at the basis of the natural photosynthesis and, then, reports the results obtained so far in the field of photochemical conversion of solar energy. The "grand challenge" for chemists is to find a convenient means for artificial conversion of solar energy into fuels. If chemists succeed to create an artificial photosynthetic process, "... life and civilization will continue as long as the sun shines!", as the Italian scientist Giacomo Ciamician forecast almost one hundred years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Balzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Ajayaghosh A, Praveen VK, Vijayakumar C. Organogels as scaffolds for excitation energy transfer and light harvesting. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 37:109-22. [PMID: 18197337 DOI: 10.1039/b704456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The elegance and efficiency by which Nature harvests solar energy has been a source of inspiration for chemists to mimic such process with synthetic molecular and supramolecular systems. The insights gained over the years from these studies have contributed immensely to the development of advanced materials useful for organic based electronic and photonic devices. Energy transfer, being a key process in many of these devices, has been extensively studied in recent years. A major requirement for efficient energy transfer process is the proper arrangement of donors and acceptors in a few nanometers in length scale. A practical approach to this is the controlled self-assembly and gelation of chromophore based molecular systems. The present tutorial review describes the recent developments in the design of chromophore based organogels and their use as supramolecular scaffolds for excitation energy transfer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, (NIST), CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India.
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Ajayaghosh A, Praveen V, Vijayakumar C, George S. Molecular Wire Encapsulated into π Organogels: Efficient Supramolecular Light-Harvesting Antennae with Color-Tunable Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ajayaghosh A, Praveen VK, Vijayakumar C, George SJ. Molecular Wire Encapsulated into π Organogels: Efficient Supramolecular Light-Harvesting Antennae with Color-Tunable Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6260-5. [PMID: 17607676 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, (NIST), CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India.
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Nishizawa T, Tajima K, Hashimoto K. Supramolecular formation of fibrous nanostructure in donor–acceptor dyad film. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b701438d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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