1
|
Lo ATS, Chen JK, Murray V, Todd MH, Hambley TW. Platinum binding preferences dominate the binding of novel polyamide amidine anthraquinone platinum(II) complexes to DNA. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17945-17952. [PMID: 34842878 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03539h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Complexes incorporating a threading anthraquinone intercalator with pyrrole lexitropsin and platinum(II) moieties attached were developed with the goal of generating novel DNA binding modes, including the targeting of AT-rich regions in order to have high cytotoxicities. The binding of the complexes to DNA has been investigated and profiles surprisingly similar to that for cisplatin were observed; the profiles were different to those for a complex lacking the pyrrole lexitropsin component. The lack of selective binding to AT-rich regions suggests the platinum binding was dominating the sequence selectivity, and is consistent with the pyrrole lexitropsin slowing intercalation. The DNA unwinding profiles following platinum binding were evaluated by gel electrophoresis and suggested that intercalation and platinum binding were both occurring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony T S Lo
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jon K Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Vincent Murray
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Matthew H Todd
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia. .,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Trevor W Hambley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lo ATS, Bryce NS, Klein AV, Todd MH, Hambley TW. Novel polyamide amidine anthraquinone platinum(II) complexes: cytotoxicity, cellular accumulation, and fluorescence distributions in 2D and 3D cell culture models. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:217-233. [PMID: 33475856 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1- and 1,5-Aminoalkylamine substituted anthraquinones (AAQs, 1C3 and 1,5C3) were peptide coupled to 1-, 2-, and 3-pyrrole lexitropsins to generate compounds that incorporated both DNA minor groove and intercalating moieties. The corresponding platinum(II) amidine complexes were synthesized through a synthetically facile amine-to-platinum mediated nitrile 'Click' reaction. The precursors as well as the corresponding platinum(II) complexes were biologically evaluated in 2D monolayer cells and 3D tumour cell models. Despite having cellular accumulation levels that were up to five-fold lower than that of cisplatin, the platinum complexes had cytotoxicities that were only three-fold lower. Accumulation was lowest for the complexes with two or three pyrrole groups, but the latter was the most active of the complexes exceeding the activity of cisplatin in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. All compounds showed moderate to good penetration into spheroids of DLD-1 cells with the distributions being consistent with active uptake of the pyrrole containing complexes in regions of the spheroids starved of nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony T S Lo
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nicole S Bryce
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alice V Klein
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mathew H Todd
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Trevor W Hambley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marin-Luna M, Sanchez-Sanz G, O'Sullivan P, Rozas I. Guanidine complexes of platinum: a theoretical study. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5540-7. [PMID: 24988181 DOI: 10.1021/jp504483x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied theoretically the complexes of model N-phenylguanidine/ium derivatives with PtCl3(-) and PtCl2 in different coordinating modes (mono- and bidentate) with different N atoms of the guanidine/ium moiety using the B3LYP/6-31+G** and LANL2DZ mixed basis set. This will aid the understanding of the complexation between platinum and the guanidine or guanidinium moiety in order to design dual anticancer agents that combine a guanidine-based DNA minor groove binder and a cisplatin-like moiety. Calculated interaction and relative energies, analysis of the electron density, and examination of the orbital interactions indicate that the most stable type of complex is that with a monodentate interaction between PtCl3(-) and guanidinium established through one of the NH2 groups. Next, we optimized the structure of three bis-guanidinium diaromatic systems developed in our group as DNA minor groove binders and their complexation with PtCl3(-), finding that the formation of Pt complexes of these minor groove binders is favorable and would produce stable monodentate coordinated systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marin-Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia , Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oun R, Plumb JA, Wheate NJ. A cisplatin slow-release hydrogel drug delivery system based on a formulation of the macrocycle cucurbit[7]uril, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 134:100-5. [PMID: 24595010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer drug cisplatin was encapsulated within the cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle to form the host-guest complex: cisplatin@CB[7]. This was then incorporated into gelatin and 0-4% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels as slow release drug delivery vehicles. The hydrogels demonstrated predicable swelling and disintegration dependent on the PVA concentration. The hydrogel with the highest PVA content was slower to swell and release drug compared with lower concentrations of PVA. The effect of the hydrogel PVA concentration on in vitro cytotoxicity was examined using A2780/CP70 ovarian cancer cells. Over the 24h drug exposure time used, hydrogels containing 4% PVA showed a 20% decrease in viable cells compared to the control, whereas hydrogels containing 0% and 2% PVA induced an 80% and 45% inhibition of cell growth, respectively. There was no measurable difference in the in vitro cytotoxicity of free cisplatin and cisplatin@CB[7] containing hydrogels. Finally, the in vivo effectiveness of a 2%-PVA hydrogel implanted under the skin of nude mice bearing A2780/CP70 xenografts showed that low dose hydrogels containing cisplatin@CB[7] (30 μg equivalent of drug) was just as effective as an intraperitoneal high dose administration of free cisplatin (150 μg) at inhibiting tumour growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabbab Oun
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Jane A Plumb
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research UK Beatson Laboratories, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
| | - Nial J Wheate
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barry NPE, Sadler PJ. Exploration of the medical periodic table: towards new targets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5106-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41143e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
6
|
Orkey N, Taleb RI, Aldrich-Wright JR. Synthesis and characterisation of metallopolyamide complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
![]()
Cyclic Py-Im polyamides containing two GABA turn units
exhibit
enhanced DNA binding affinity, but extensive studies of their biological
properties have been hindered due to synthetic inaccessibility. A
facile modular approach toward cyclic polyamides has been developed
via microwave-assisted solid-phase synthesis of hairpin amino acid
oligomer intermediates followed by macrocyclization. A focused library
of cyclic polyamides 1–7 targeted
to the androgen response element (ARE) and the estrogen response element
(ERE) were synthesized in 12–17% overall yield. The Fmoc protection
strategy also allows for selective modifications on the GABA turn
units that have been shown to improve cellular uptake properties.
The DNA binding affinities of a library of cyclic polyamides were
measured by DNA thermal denaturation assays and compared to the corresponding
hairpin polyamides. Fluorescein-labeled cyclic polyamides have been
synthesized and imaged via confocal microscopy in A549 and T47D cell
lines. The IC50 values of compounds 1–7 and 9–11 were determined,
revealing remarkably varying levels of cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Li
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lo ATS, Salam NK, Hibbs DE, Rutledge PJ, Todd MH. Polyamide-scorpion cyclam lexitropsins selectively bind AT-rich DNA independently of the nature of the coordinated metal. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17446. [PMID: 21573061 PMCID: PMC3090394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclam was attached to 1-, 2- and 3-pyrrole lexitropsins for the first time through a synthetically facile copper-catalyzed "click" reaction. The corresponding copper and zinc complexes were synthesized and characterized. The ligand and its complexes bound AT-rich DNA selectively over GC-rich DNA, and the thermodynamic profile of the binding was evaluated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The metal, encapsulated in a scorpion azamacrocyclic complex, did not affect the binding, which was dominated by the organic tail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony T. S. Lo
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Noeris K. Salam
- Schrödinger, Inc., New York, New York, United States of
America
| | - David E. Hibbs
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Peter J. Rutledge
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Matthew H. Todd
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yue H, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chen G. Investigation and improvement of DNA cleavage models of polyamide + Cu(II) nuclease + OOH- ligands bound to DNA. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2010; 10:35. [PMID: 20950488 PMCID: PMC2984560 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6807-10-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Copper nucleases as a famous class of artificial metallonucleases have attracted considerable interest in relation to their diverse potentials not only as therapeutic agents but also in genomic researches. Copper nucleases present high efficient oxidative cleavage of DNA, in which DNA strand scission occurs generally after hydrogen atom abstracted from a sugar moiety. In order to achieve the selective cleavage of DNA sequences by copper nucleases, the DNA specific recognition agents of the Dervan-type hairpin and cyclic polyamides can be considered as proper carriers of copper nucleases. Investigation of the DNA cleavage selectivity of copper nucleases assisted by the hairpin and cyclic polyamides at the molecular level has not yet been elucidated. Results We carried out a series of molecular dynamics simulations for the nuclease [Cu(BPA)]2+ or [Cu(IDB)]2+ bound to the hairpin/cyclic polyamide and associated with DNA to investigate the selective DNA cleavage properties of Cu(II)-based artificial nucleases. The simulated results demonstrate that the DNA cleavage selectivity of the two nucleases assisted by the hairpin polyamide is improved efficiently. The [Cu(BPA)]2+ or [Cu(IDB)]2+ nuclease with a substrate OOH- bound to the hairpin polyamide can be stably located at the minor groove of DNA, and possibly abstracts H atom from the sugar of DNA. However, the DNA cleavage properties of the two nucleases assisted by the cyclic polyamide are significantly poor due to the rigidity of linking region between the cyclic polyamide and nuclease. With introduction of the flexible linker -CH2CH2CH2NH2, the modified cyclic polyamide can assist the two copper nucleases to improve the selective DNA cleavage properties efficiently. Conclusion A flexible linker and a proper binding site of the polyamide-type recognition agents play an important role in improving the DNA cleavage selectivity of copper nucleases. Current investigations provide an insight into the DNA cleavage specificities of chemical nucleases assisted by an appropriate nucleic acid recognition agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yue
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chen G. Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Binding Models of Dervan-Type Polyamide + Cu(II) Nuclease Ligands to DNA. J Phys Chem B 2008; 113:839-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8091545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Guangju Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Heinze K, Beckmann M, Hempel K. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Transition-Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2008; 14:9468-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
12
|
van Holst M, Le Pevelen D, Aldrich-Wright J. Terpyridineplatinum(II) Incorporation inN-Methylpyrrole-Based Polyamides by Solid Phase Techniques. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
13
|
Kemp S, Wheate NJ, Pisani MJ, Aldrich-Wright JR. Degradation of bidentate-coordinated platinum(II)-based DNA intercalators by reduced L-glutathione. J Med Chem 2008; 51:2787-94. [PMID: 18412325 DOI: 10.1021/jm7016072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the interaction of [(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)] (2+) (1, 56MESS), [(5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)] (2+) (2, 5MESS), [(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)] (2+) (3, 56MERR), and [(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(ethylenediamine)platinum(II)] (2+) (4, 56MEEN) with reduced L-glutathione and L-methionine. Both thiols degrade all four complexes, mainly by displacing the ancillary ligand and forming a doubly bridged dinuclear complex. The degradation half-life of all the complexes with methionine is >7 days, indicating that these reactions are not biologically relevant. The rate of degradation by glutathione appears to be particularly important and shows an inverse correlation to cytotoxicity. The least active complex, 4 (t 1/2 glutathione: 20 h), degrades fastest, followed by 3 (31 h), 2 (40 h), and 1 (68 h). The major degradation product, [bis-mu-{reduced L-glutathione}bis{5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline}bis{platinum(II)}] (2+) (5, 56MEGL), displays no cytotoxicity and is excluded as the source of the anticancer activity. Once bound by glutathione, these metal complexes do not then form coordinate bonds with guanosine. Partial encapsulation of the complexes within cucurbit[n]urils is able to stop the degradation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Kemp
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 1797, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wheate NJ, Taleb RI, Krause-Heuer AM, Cook RL, Wang S, Higgins VJ, Aldrich-Wright JR. Novel platinum(ii)-based anticancer complexes and molecular hosts as their drug delivery vehicles. Dalton Trans 2007:5055-64. [DOI: 10.1039/b704973k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|