1
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van Tilburg M, Hilbers PAJ, Markvoort AJ. On the role of membrane embedding, protein rigidity and transmembrane length in lipid membrane fusion. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1791-1802. [PMID: 36786821 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01582j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The fusion of biological membranes is ubiquitous in natural processes like exo- and endocytosis, intracellular trafficking and viral entry. Membrane fusion is also utilized in artificial biomimetic fusion systems, e.g. for drug delivery. Both the natural and the biomimetic fusion systems rely on a wide range of (artificial) proteins mediating the fusion process. Although the exact mechanisms of these proteins differ, clear analogies in their general behavior can be observed in bringing the membranes in close proximity and mediating the fusion reaction. In our study, we use molecular dynamics simulations with coarse grained models, mimicking the general behavior of fusion proteins (spikes), to systematically examine the effects of specific characteristics of these proteins on the fusion process. The protein characteristics considered are (i) the type of membrane embedding, i.e., either transmembrane or not, (ii) the rigidity, and (iii) the transmembrane domain (TMD) length. The results show essential differences in fusion pathway between monotopic and transmembrane spikes, in which transmembrane spikes seem to inhibit the formation of hemifusion diaphragms, leading to a faster fusion development. Furthermore, we observed that an increased rigidity and a decreased TMD length both proved to contribute to a faster fusion development. Finally, we show that a single spike may suffice to successfully induce a fusion reaction, provided that the spike is sufficiently rigid and attractive. Not only does this shed light on biological fusion of membranes, it also provides clear design rules for artificial membrane fusion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco van Tilburg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Computational Biology Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter A J Hilbers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Computational Biology Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Markvoort
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Computational Biology Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
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2
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Rahman MM, Abosheasha MA, Ito Y, Ueda M. DNA-induced fusion between lipid domains of peptide-lipid hybrid vesicles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11799-11802. [PMID: 36172842 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03997d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-lipid hybrid vesicles were prepared with complementary DNA strands in their lipid domains. Hybridization of the complementary DNA strands induced the controlled fusion of the vesicles during repeated heating and cooling cycles. Vesicle fusion was indicated by a decrease in the efficiency of Förster resonance energy transfer between lipid-localized probes (from 72 to 42%) and transmission electron microscopy analysis. We suggest that this approach is a general strategy for the creation of polymersomes with membrane-fusion functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mofizur Rahman
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Ashulia, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Mohammed A Abosheasha
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Motoki Ueda
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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3
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Daudey GA, Shen M, Singhal A, van der Est P, Sevink GJA, Boyle AL, Kros A. Liposome fusion with orthogonal coiled coil peptides as fusogens: the efficacy of roleplaying peptides. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13782-13792. [PMID: 34760163 PMCID: PMC8549789 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06635d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological membrane fusion is a highly specific and coordinated process as a multitude of vesicular fusion events proceed simultaneously in a complex environment with minimal off-target delivery. In this study, we develop a liposomal fusion model system with specific recognition using lipidated derivatives of a set of four de novo designed heterodimeric coiled coil (CC) peptide pairs. Content mixing was only obtained between liposomes functionalized with complementary peptides, demonstrating both fusogenic activity of CC peptides and the specificity of this model system. The diverse peptide fusogens revealed important relationships between the fusogenic efficacy and the peptide characteristics. The fusion efficiency increased from 20% to 70% as affinity between complementary peptides decreased, (from KF ≈ 108 to 104 M−1), and fusion efficiency also increased due to more pronounced asymmetric role-playing of membrane interacting ‘K’ peptides and homodimer-forming ‘E’ peptides. Furthermore, a new and highly fusogenic CC pair (E3/P1K) was discovered, providing an orthogonal peptide triad with the fusogenic CC pairs P2E/P2K and P3E/P3K. This E3/P1k pair was revealed, via molecular dynamics simulations, to have a shifted heptad repeat that can accommodate mismatched asparagine residues. These results will have broad implications not only for the fundamental understanding of CC design and how asparagine residues can be accommodated within the hydrophobic core, but also for drug delivery systems by revealing the necessary interplay of efficient peptide fusogens and enabling the targeted delivery of different carrier vesicles at various peptide-functionalized locations. We developed a liposomal fusion model system with specific recognition using a set of heterodimeric coiled coil peptide pairs. This study unravels important structure–fusogenic efficacy relationships of peptide fusogens.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert A Daudey
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Mengjie Shen
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Ankush Singhal
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Patrick van der Est
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - G J Agur Sevink
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Aimee L Boyle
- Macromolecular Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
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4
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Nagarkar RP, Fichman G, Schneider JP. Engineering and characterization of apH‐sensitive homodimeric antiparallel coiled coil. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Radhika P. Nagarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Galit Fichman
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Frederick Maryland USA
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Frederick Maryland USA
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5
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Controlled Peptide-Mediated Vesicle Fusion Assessed by Simultaneous Dual-Colour Time-Lapsed Fluorescence Microscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3087. [PMID: 32080270 PMCID: PMC7033240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We have employed a model system, inspired by SNARE proteins, to facilitate membrane fusion between Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) and Large Unilamellar Vesicles (LUVs) under physiological conditions. In this system, two synthetic lipopeptide constructs comprising the coiled-coil heterodimer-forming peptides K4, (KIAALKE)4, or E4, (EIAALEK)4, a PEG spacer of variable length, and a cholesterol moiety to anchor the peptides into the liposome membrane replace the natural SNARE proteins. GUVs are functionalized with one of the lipopeptide constructs and the fusion process is triggered by adding LUVs bearing the complementary lipopeptide. Dual-colour time lapse fluorescence microscopy was used to visualize lipid- and content-mixing. Using conventional confocal microscopy, lipid mixing was observed on the lipid bilayer of individual GUVs. In addition to lipid-mixing, content-mixing assays showed a low efficiency due to clustering of K4-functionalized LUVs on the GUVs target membranes. We showed that, through the use of the non-ionic surfactant Tween 20, content-mixing between GUVs and LUVs could be improved, meaning this system has the potential to be employed for drug delivery in biological systems.
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6
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Interaction of SNARE Mimetic Peptides with Lipid bilayers: Effects of Secondary Structure, Bilayer Composition and Lipid Anchoring. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7708. [PMID: 31118479 PMCID: PMC6531448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The coiled-coil forming peptides 'K' enriched in lysine and 'E' enriched in glutamic acid have been used as a minimal SNARE mimetic system for membrane fusion. Here we describe atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the interactions of these peptides with lipid bilayers for two different compositions. For neutral phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) bilayers the peptides experience a strong repulsive barrier against adsorption, also observed in potential of mean force (PMF) profiles calculated with umbrella sampling. For peptide K, a minimum of -12 kBT in the PMF provides an upper bound for the binding free energy whereas no stable membrane bound state could be observed for peptide E. In contrast, the electrostatic interactions with negatively charged phosphatidylglycerol (PG) lipids lead to fast adsorption of both peptides at the head-water interface. Experimental data using fluorescently labeled peptides confirm the stronger binding to PG containing bilayers. Lipid anchors have little effect on the peptide-bilayer interactions or peptide structure, when the peptide also binds to the bilayer in the absence of a lipid anchor. For peptide E, which does not bind to the PC bilayer without a lipid anchor, the presence of such an anchor strengthens the electrostatic interactions between the charged side chains and the zwitterionic head-groups and leads to a stabilization of the peptide's helical fold by the membrane.
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7
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Peptide-Mediated Liposome Fusion: The Effect of Anchor Positioning. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010211. [PMID: 29320427 PMCID: PMC5796160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A minimal model system for membrane fusion, comprising two complementary peptides dubbed "E" and "K" joined to a cholesterol anchor via a polyethyleneglycol spacer, has previously been developed in our group. This system promotes the fusion of large unilamellar vesicles and facilitates liposome-cell fusion both in vitro and in vivo. Whilst several aspects of the system have previously been investigated to provide an insight as to how fusion is facilitated, anchor positioning has not yet been considered. In this study, the effects of placing the anchor at either the N-terminus or in the center of the peptide are investigated using a combination of circular dichroism spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and fluorescence assays. It was discovered that anchoring the "K" peptide in the center of the sequence had no effect on its structure, its ability to interact with membranes, or its ability to promote fusion, whereas anchoring the 'E' peptide in the middle of the sequence dramatically decreases fusion efficiency. We postulate that anchoring the 'E' peptide in the middle of the sequence disrupts its ability to form homodimers with peptides on the same membrane, leading to aggregation and content leakage.
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8
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Daudey G, Zope HR, Voskuhl J, Kros A, Boyle AL. Membrane-Fusogen Distance Is Critical for Efficient Coiled-Coil-Peptide-Mediated Liposome Fusion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12443-12452. [PMID: 28980816 PMCID: PMC5666511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a model system for membrane fusion that utilizes lipidated derivatives of a heterodimeric coiled-coil pair dubbed E3 (EIAALEK)3 and K3 (KIAALKE)3. In this system, peptides are conjugated to a lipid anchor via a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) spacer, and this contribution studies the influence of the PEG spacer length, coupled with the type of lipid anchor, on liposome-liposome fusion. The effects of these modifications on peptide secondary structure, their interactions with liposomes, and their ability to mediate fusion were studied using a variety of different content mixing experiments and CD spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate the asymmetric role of the peptides in the fusion process because alterations to the PEG spacer length affect E3 and K3 differently. We conclude that negatively charged E3 acts as a "handle" for positively charged K3 and facilitates liposome docking, the first stage of the fusion process, through coiled-coil formation. The efficacy of this E3 handle is enhanced by longer spacer lengths. K3 directs the fusion process via peptide-membrane interactions, but the length of the PEG spacer plays two competing roles: a PEG4/PEG8 spacer length is optimal for membrane destabilization; however, a PEG12 spacer increases the fusion efficiency over time by improving the peptide accessibility for successive fusion events. Both the anchor type and spacer length affect the peptide structure; a cholesterol anchor appears to enhance K3-membrane interactions and thus mediates fusion more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert
A. Daudey
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Alexander Kros
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aimee L. Boyle
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Wehland JD, Lygina AS, Kumar P, Guha S, Hubrich BE, Jahn R, Diederichsen U. Role of the transmembrane domain in SNARE protein mediated membrane fusion: peptide nucleic acid/peptide model systems. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:2770-6. [PMID: 27345759 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00294c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane is mediated by Soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) Attachment Protein Receptor proteins also known as SNAREs. The backbone of this essential process is the assembly of SNAREs from opposite membranes into tight four helix bundles forcing membranes in close proximity. With model systems resembling SNAREs with reduced complexity we aim to understand how these proteins work at the molecular level. Here, peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are used as excellent candidates for mimicking the SNARE recognition motif by forming well-characterized duplex structures. Hybridization between complementary PNA strands anchored in liposomes through native transmembrane domains (TMDs) induces the merger of the outer leaflets of the participating vesicles but not of the inner leaflets. A series of PNA/peptide hybrids differing in the length of TMDs and charges at the C-terminal end is presented. Interestingly, mixing of both outer and inner leaflets is seen for TMDs containing an amide in place of the natural carboxylic acid at the C-terminal end. Charged side chains at the C-terminal end of the TMDs are shown to have a negative impact on the mixing of liposomes. The length of the TMDs is vital for fusion as with the use of shortened TMDs, fusion was completely prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Dirk Wehland
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Antonina S Lygina
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Samit Guha
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Barbara E Hubrich
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Diederichsen
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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10
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Zheng T, Bulacu M, Daudey G, Versluis F, Voskuhl J, Martelli G, Raap J, Sevink GJA, Kros A, Boyle AL. A non-zipper-like tetrameric coiled coil promotes membrane fusion. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A parallel heterodimeric coiled coil can be mutated to an antiparallel tetrameric species by reversing the sequences of one of the peptides. This tetramer is capable of facilitating fast, efficient, membrane fusion of liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | | | - Geert Daudey
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Frank Versluis
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Giuliana Martelli
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Jan Raap
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - G. J. Agur Sevink
- Solid State NMR
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Aimee L. Boyle
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
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11
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Kong L, Askes SHC, Bonnet S, Kros A, Campbell F. Temporal Control of Membrane Fusion through Photolabile PEGylation of Liposome Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry; Leiden University; P.O. Box 9052 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Sven H. C. Askes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry; Leiden University; P.O. Box 9052 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry; Leiden University; P.O. Box 9052 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry; Leiden University; P.O. Box 9052 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Frederick Campbell
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry; Leiden University; P.O. Box 9052 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
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12
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Kong L, Askes SHC, Bonnet S, Kros A, Campbell F. Temporal Control of Membrane Fusion through Photolabile PEGylation of Liposome Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1396-400. [PMID: 26661729 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion results in the transport and mixing of (bio)molecules across otherwise impermeable barriers. In this communication, we describe the temporal control of targeted liposome-liposome membrane fusion and contents mixing using light as an external trigger. Our method relies on steric shielding and rapid, photoinduced deshielding of complementary fusogenic peptides tethered to opposing liposomal membranes. In an analogous approach, we were also able to demonstrate precise spatiotemporal control of liposome accumulation at cellular membranes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9052, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sven H C Askes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9052, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9052, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9052, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Frederick Campbell
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9052, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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13
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Abstract
Lipid membrane fusion is a fundamental noncovalent transformation as well as a central process in biology. The complex and highly controlled biological machinery of fusion has been the subject of intense investigation. In contrast, fewer synthetic approaches that demonstrate selective membrane fusion have been developed. Artificial recapitulation of membrane fusion is an informative pursuit in that fundamental biophysical concepts of biomembrane merger may be generally tested in a controlled reductionist system. A key concept that has emerged from extensive studies on lipid biophysics and biological membrane fusion is that selective membrane fusion derives from the coupling of surface recognition with local membrane disruption, or strain. These observations from native systems have guided the development of de novo-designed biomimetic membrane fusion systems that have unequivocally established the generality of these concepts in noncovalent chemistry. In this Account, we discuss the function and limitations of the artificial membrane fusion systems that have been constructed to date and the insights gained from their study by our group and others. Overall, the synthetic systems are highly reductionist and chemically selective, though there remain aspects of membrane fusion that are not sufficiently understood to permit designed function. In particular, membrane fusion with efficient retention of vesicular contents within the membrane-bound compartments remains a challenge. We discuss examples in which lipid mixing and some degree of vesicle-contents mixing is achieved, but the determinants of aqueous-compartment mixing remain unclear and therefore are difficult to generally implement. The ability to fully design membrane fusogenic function requires a deeper understanding of the biophysical underpinnings of membrane fusion, which has not yet been achieved. Thus, it is critical that biological and synthetic studies continue to further elucidate this biologically important process. Examination of lipid membrane fusion from a synthetic perspective can also reveal the governing noncovalent principles that drive chemically determined release and controlled mixing within nanometer-scale compartments. These are processes that figure prominently in numerous biotechnological and chemical applications. A rough guide to the construction of a functional membrane fusion system may already be assembled from the existing studies: surface-directed membrane apposition may generally be elaborated into selective fusion by coupling to a membrane-disruptive element, as observed over a range of systems that include small-molecule, DNA, or peptide fusogens. Membrane disruption may take different forms, and we briefly describe our investigation of the sequence determinants of fusion and lysis in membrane-active viral fusion peptide variants. These findings set the stage for further investigation of the critical elements that enable efficient, fully functional fusion of both membrane and aqueous compartments and the application of these principles to unite synthetic and biological membranes in a directed fashion. Controlled fusion of artificial and living membranes remains a chemical challenge that is biomimetic of native chemical transport and has a direct impact on drug delivery approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ma
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dennis Bong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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14
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Nouri FS, Wang X, Dorrani M, Karjoo Z, Hatefi A. A Recombinant Biopolymeric Platform for Reliable Evaluation of the Activity of pH-Responsive Amphiphile Fusogenic Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2033-40. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400380s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faranak S. Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Mania Dorrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Zahra Karjoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Arash Hatefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
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15
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Li X, Zhao Y. Tunable Fusion and Aggregation of Liposomes Triggered by Multifunctional Surface-Cross-Linked Micelles. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1721-5. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueshu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
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16
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Kashiwada A, Yamane I, Tsuboi M, Ando S, Matsuda K. Design, construction, and characterization of high-performance membrane fusion devices with target-selectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2299-2305. [PMID: 22204500 DOI: 10.1021/la2038075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion proteins such as the hemagglutinin glycoprotein have target recognition and fusion accelerative domains, where some synergistically working elements are essential for target-selective and highly effective native membrane fusion systems. In this work, novel membrane fusion devices bearing such domains were designed and constructed. We selected a phenylboronic acid derivative as a recognition domain for a sugar-like target and a transmembrane-peptide (Leu-Ala sequence) domain interacting with the target membrane, forming a stable hydrophobic α-helix and accelerating the fusion process. Artificial membrane fusion behavior between the synthetic devices in which pilot and target liposomes were incorporated was characterized by lipid-mixing and inner-leaflet lipid-mixing assays. Consequently, the devices bearing both the recognition and transmembrane domains brought about a remarkable increase in the initial rate for the membrane fusion compared with the devices containing the recognition domain alone. In addition, a weakly acidic pH-responsive device was also constructed by replacing three Leu residues in the transmembrane-peptide domain by Glu residues. The presence of Glu residues made the acidic pH-dependent hydrophobic α-helix formation possible as expected. The target-selective liposome-liposome fusion was accelerated in a weakly acidic pH range when the Glu-substituted device was incorporated in pilot liposomes. The use of this pH-responsive device seems to be a potential strategy for novel applications in a liposome-based delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Kashiwada
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan.
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Schneggenburger PE, Müllar S, Worbs B, Steinem C, Diederichsen U. Molecular recognition at the membrane-water interface: controlling integral peptide helices by off-membrane nucleobase pairing. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:8020-8. [PMID: 20481532 DOI: 10.1021/ja1006349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation and organization of membrane proteins and transmembrane peptides is related to the interacting molecular species itself and strongly depends on the lipid environment. Because of the complexity and dynamics of these interactions, they are often hardly traceable and nearly impossible to predict. For this reason, peptide model systems are a valuable tool in studying membrane associated processes since they are synthetically accessible and can be readily modified. To control and study the aggregation of peptide transmembrane domains (TMDs) the interacting interfaces of the TMDs themselves can be altered. A second less extensively studied approach targets the TMD assembly by using interaction and recognition of domains at the membrane outside as frequently found in the membrane protein interplay and protein assembly. In the present study, double helical transmembrane domains were designed and synthesized on the basis of a recently reported d,l-alternating peptide pore motif derived from gramicidin A. The highly hydrophobic and aromatic transmembrane peptide was covalently functionalized with a short peptide nucleic acid (PNA) used as specific outer-membrane recognition unit. The PNA sequences were chosen with high polarity to ensure localization within the aqueous phase. To estimate the impact of the membrane adjacent recognition on the TMD assembly by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence probes were covalently attached to the side chains of the membrane spanning peptide helices. Dimerization of the TMD-peptide/PNA conjugates within unilamellar lipid vesicles was observed. The dimer/monomer ratio of TMDs can be controlled by temperature variation.
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Ma M, Gong Y, Bong D. Lipid membrane adhesion and fusion driven by designed, minimally multivalent hydrogen-bonding lipids. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:16919-26. [PMID: 19877659 DOI: 10.1021/ja9072657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyanuric acid (CA) and melamine (M) functionalized lipids can form membranes that exhibit robust hydrogen-bond driven surface recognition in water, facilitated by multivalent surface clustering of recognition groups and variable hydration at the lipid-water interface. Here we describe a minimal lipid recognition cluster: three CA or M recognition groups are forced into proximity by covalent attachment to a single lipid headgroup. This trivalent lipid system guides recognition at the lipid-water interface using cyanurate-melamine hydrogen bonding when incorporated at 0.1-5 mol percent in fluid phospholipid membranes, inducing both vesicle-vesicle binding and membrane fusion. Fusion was accelerated when the antimicrobial peptide magainin was used to anchor trivalent recognition, or when added exogenously to a preassembled lipid vesicle complex, underscoring the importance of coupling recognition with membrane disruption in membrane fusion. Membrane apposition and fusion were studied in vesicle suspensions using light scattering, FRET assays for lipid mixing, surface plasmon resonance, and cryo-electron microscopy. Recognition was found to be highly spatially selective as judged by vesicular adhesion to surface patterned supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). Fusion to SLBs was also readily observed by fluorescence microscopy. Together, these studies indicate effective and functional recognition of trivalent phospholipids, despite low mole percentage concentration, solvent competition for hydrogen bond donor/acceptor sites, and simplicity of structure. This novel designed molecular recognition motif may be useful for directing aqueous-phase assembly and biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Löwik DWPM, Leunissen EHP, van den Heuvel M, Hansen MB, van Hest JCM. Stimulus responsive peptide based materials. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:3394-412. [DOI: 10.1039/b914342b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Diss ML, Kennan AJ. Heterotrimeric coiled coils with core residue urea side chains. J Org Chem 2009; 73:9752-5. [PMID: 19032043 DOI: 10.1021/jo802379p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report several coiled coil heterotrimers with varying core residue buried polar groups, all with T(m) values >43 degrees C. Introduction of new synthetic side chain structures, including some terminating in monosubstituted ureas, diversifies the pool of viable core residue candidates. A study of core charge pairings demonstrates that, unlike dimeric systems, trimeric coiled coils do not tolerate guanidine-guanidine contacts, even in the presence of a compensating carboxylate. Overall, the roster of feasible coiled coil designs is significantly expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Diss
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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Kashiwada A, Tsuboi M, Matsuda K. Target-selective vesicle fusion induced by molecular recognition on lipid bilayers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:695-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b815688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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