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Dunning TH, Gordon MS, Xantheas SS. The nature of the chemical bond. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:130401. [PMID: 37031137 DOI: 10.1063/5.0148500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thom H Dunning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Mark S Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Sotiris S Xantheas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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2
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Abstract
AbstractTwo complementary methodologies for extracting useful insights into electronic structure and bonding from contemporary wavefunctions are compared. The first of these, known as the analysis of domain-averaged Fermi holes (DAFH), mostly provides visually appealing descriptions of the role and the extent of electron sharing in chemical bonding. The second one, known as the fragment, atom, localized, delocalized and interatomic (FALDI) charge density decomposition scheme, uses the partitioning of certain localization and delocalization indices to focus on highly visual contributions associated with individual domains and with pairs of domains, respectively. Four variants of a FALDI-like approach are investigated here in some detail, mostly to establish which of them are the most reliable and the most informative. In addition to ‘full’ calculations that use the correlated pair density, the consequences for the DAFH and FALDI-like procedures of using instead a popular one-electron approximation are explored. Additionally, the geometry dependence of the degree of acceptability of the errors that this introduces for delocalization indices is assessed for different formal bond multiplicities. The familiar molecular test systems employed for these various linked investigations are the breaking of the bonds in H2 and in N2, as well as the nature of the bonding in B2H6, as a simple example of multicenter bonding. One of the key outcomes of this study is a clear understanding of how DAFH analysis and a particular variant of FALDI-like analysis could be most profitably deployed to extract complementary insights into more complex and/or controversial bonding situations.
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3
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Acke G, De Baerdemacker S, Martín Pendás Á, Bultinck P. Hierarchies of quantum chemical descriptors induced by statistical analyses of domain occupation number operators. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stijn De Baerdemacker
- Department of Chemistry University of New Brunswick Fredericton New Brunswick Canada
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4
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Acke G, Bultinck P. The influence of correlation on (de)localization indices from a valence bond perspective. J Mol Model 2018; 24:275. [PMID: 30191324 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
When going beyond the Hartree-Fock level to correlated methods, one observes a significant reduction in the delocalization index. This is commonly interpreted as a weakening of electron sharing due to electron correlation, although this is rather counter-intuitive to the concomitant energy lowering. In this study, we use an analytical valence bond model and full CI calculations to show that this reduction in the delocalization index actually goes hand in hand with increased covalent contributions at the expense of ionic contributions. This suggests that we should be careful in formulating interpretations of these results in (de)localization indices. Graphical Abstract Variation of the localization Δ(ΩA, ΩA) and delocalization index Δ(ΩA, ΩB) as a function of the parameter ω. By adjusting this parameter ω from [Formula: see text] to 0, we can gradually change the underlying wave function from a Hartree-Fock to a Heitler-London description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Acke
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), Ghent, 900, Belgium
| | - Patrick Bultinck
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), Ghent, 900, Belgium.
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5
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Ponec R, Cooper DL. Theoretical investigations of the chemical bonding in MM'O 2 clusters (M, M' = Be, Mg, Ca). J Mol Model 2018; 24:226. [PMID: 30091072 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by the known stability of the somewhat unusual Be2O2 rhombus, which features a short Be-Be distance but no direct metal-metal bonding, we investigate the nature of the bonding interactions in the analogous clusters MM'O2 (M, M' = Be, Mg, Ca). CCSD/cc-pVTZ and CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ calculations, amongst others, are used to determine optimized geometries and the dissociation energies for splitting the MM'O2 clusters into metal oxide monomers. The primary tools used to investigate the chemical bonding are the analysis of domain-averaged Fermi holes, including the generation of localized natural orbitals, and the calculation of appropriate two- and three-center bond indices. Insights emerging from these various analyses concur with earlier studies of M2O2 rhombic clusters in that direct metal-metal bonding was not observed in the MM'O2 rings whereas weak three-center (3c) bonding was detected in the MOM' moieties. In general terms, these mixed MM'O2 clusters exhibit features that are intermediate between those of M2O2 and M'2O2, and the differences between the M and M' atoms appear to have little impact on the overall degree of 3c MOM' bonding. Graphical abstract Bonding situation in MM'O2 clusters (M, M' = Be, Mg, Ca).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 6, 165 02, Suchdol 2, Czech Republic.
| | - David L Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
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6
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Rodríguez-Mayorga M, Via-Nadal M, Solà M, Ugalde JM, Lopez X, Matito E. Electron-Pair Distribution in Chemical Bond Formation. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1916-1923. [PMID: 29381071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The chemical formation process has been studied from relaxation holes, Δh(u), resulting from the difference between the radial intracule density and the nonrelaxed counterpart, which is obtained from atomic radial intracule densities and the pair density constructed from the overlap of the atomic densities. Δh(u) plots show that the internal reorganization of electron pairs prior to bond formation and the covalent bond formation from electrons in separate atoms are completely recognizable processes from the shape of the relaxation hole, Δh(u). The magnitude of Δh(u), the shape of Δh(u) ∀ u < Req, and the distance between the minimum and the maximum in Δh(u) provide further information about the nature of the chemical bond formed. A computational affordable approach to calculate the radial intracule density from approximate pair densities has been also suggested, paving the way to study electron-pair distributions in larger systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rodríguez-Mayorga
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC). P.K. 1072 , 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, University of Girona , C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Via-Nadal
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC). P.K. 1072 , 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - M Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, University of Girona , C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J M Ugalde
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC). P.K. 1072 , 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - X Lopez
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC). P.K. 1072 , 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - E Matito
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC). P.K. 1072 , 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
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Li WL, Lu JB, Zhao L, Ponec R, Cooper DL, Li J, Frenking G. Electronic Structure and Bonding Situation in M2O2 (M = Be, Mg, Ca) Rhombic Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2816-2822. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun-Bo Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Robert Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 6, Suchdol 2 165 02 Czech Republic
| | - David L. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
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9
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Reassessing spin-coupled (full generalized valence bond) descriptions of ozone using three-center bond indices. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Insights from domain-averaged Fermi hole (DAFH) analysis and multicenter bond indices into the nature of Be(0) bonding. Struct Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-017-0914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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11
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Janesko BG. Topological analysis of the electron delocalization range. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:1993-2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Janesko
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryTexas Christian University2800 S. University DrFort Worth Texas76129
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12
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Janesko BG, Wiberg KB, Scalmani G, Frisch MJ. Electron Delocalization Range in Atoms and on Molecular Surfaces. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:3185-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giovanni Scalmani
- Gaussian, Inc., 340
Quinnipiac St., Bldg. 40, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Michael J. Frisch
- Gaussian, Inc., 340
Quinnipiac St., Bldg. 40, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
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13
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Chęcińska L, Mebs S, Ośmiałowski B, Zakrzewska A, Ejsmont K, Kohout M. Tuning the Electronic Properties of the Dative N−B Bond with Associated O−B Interaction: Electron Localizability Indicator from X-Ray Wavefunction Refinement. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2395-406. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilianna Chęcińska
- Department of Theoretical and Structural Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; University of Lodz; Pomorska 163/165 90-236 Łódź Poland
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik; Freie Universität Berlin; Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Borys Ośmiałowski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; University of Technology and Life Sciences; Seminaryjna 3 85-326 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Anna Zakrzewska
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; University of Technology and Life Sciences; Seminaryjna 3 85-326 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ejsmont
- Faculty of Chemistry; Opole University; Oleska Street 48 45-052 Opole Poland
| | - M. Kohout
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids; Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
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14
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Karadakov PB, Horner KE. Exploring Chemical Bonds through Variations in Magnetic Shielding. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:558-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter B. Karadakov
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10
5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Kate E. Horner
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10
5DD, United Kingdom
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15
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Cooper DL, Ponec R, Kohout M. New insights from domain-averaged Fermi holes and bond order analysis into the bonding conundrum in C2. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Processes, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kohout
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Ramos-Berdullas N, Ferro-Costas D, Mandado M. Resonance assisted electron transport in oligophenyl conductors. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Structure and bonding in binuclear metal carbonyls. Classical paradigms vs. insights from modern theoretical calculations. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Cooper DL, Ponec R, Kohout M. Are orbital-resolved shared-electron distribution indices and Cioslowski covalent bond orders useful for molecules? Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1004377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Processes, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kohout
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Janesko
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | - Giovanni Scalmani
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac St., Bldg. 40 , Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA
| | - Michael J. Frisch
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac St., Bldg. 40 , Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA
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21
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Francisco E, Martín Pendás A, Costales A. On the interpretation of domain averaged Fermi hole analyses of correlated wavefunctions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:4586-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54513j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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22
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Baranov AI, Ponec R, Kohout M. Domain-averaged Fermi-hole analysis for solids. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:214109. [PMID: 23231219 DOI: 10.1063/1.4768920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The domain-averaged Fermi hole (DAFH) orbitals provide highly visual representation of bonding in terms of orbital-like functions with attributed occupation numbers. It was successfully applied on many molecular systems including those with non-trivial bonding patterns. This article reports for the first time the extension of the DAFH analysis to the realm of extended periodic systems. Simple analytical model of DAFH orbital for single-band solids is introduced which allows to rationalize typical features that DAFH orbitals for extended systems may possess. In particular, a connection between Wannier and DAFH orbitals has been analyzed. The analysis of DAFH orbitals on the basis of DFT calculations is applied to hydrogen lattices of different dimensions as well as to the solids diamond, graphite, Na, Cu and NaCl. In case of hydrogen lattices, remarkable similarity is found between the DAFH orbitals evaluated with both the analytical approach and DFT. In case of the selected ionic and covalent solids the DAFH orbitals deliver bonding descriptions, which are compatible with classical orbital interpretation. For metals the DAFH analysis shows essential multicenter nature of bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey I Baranov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
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23
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Ponec R, Beran P. On the Mechanism of Dihydrogen Activation by Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Insights from the Analysis of Domain Averaged Fermi Holes and Generalized Population Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:2656-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4017932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ponec
- Institute
of Chemical Process
Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague 6, Suchdol 2, 165 02 Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Beran
- Institute
of Chemical Process
Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague 6, Suchdol 2, 165 02 Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Technická
5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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24
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Ponec R, Ramos-Cordoba E, Salvador P. Bonding Quandary in the [Cu3S2]3+ Core: Insights from the Analysis of Domain Averaged Fermi Holes and the Local Spin. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1975-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp309295r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ponec
- Institute
of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i. Prague
6, Suchdol 2, 165 02, Czech Republic
| | - Eloy Ramos-Cordoba
- Institute of Computational
Chemistry and Department
of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus
Montilivi 17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Pedro Salvador
- Institute of Computational
Chemistry and Department
of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus
Montilivi 17071, Girona, Spain
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25
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Francisco E, Martín Pendás A, García-Revilla M, Álvarez Boto R. A hierarchy of chemical bonding indices in real space from reduced density matrices and cumulants. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ponec R, Gatti C. Do the Structural Changes Defined by the Electron Density Topology Necessarily Affect the Picture of the Bonding? Inorg Chem 2009; 48:11024-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ic901197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague 6, Suchdol 2, 165 02, Czech Republic
| | - Carlo Gatti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) e Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica ed Elettrochimica, Università di Milano, Via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milano, Italy
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28
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Francisco E, Martín Pendás A, Blanco MA. A connection between domain-averaged Fermi hole orbitals and electron number distribution functions in real space. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:124125. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3239467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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29
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Ponec R, Feixas F. Peculiarities of Multiple Cr−Cr Bonding. Insights from the Analysis of Domain-Averaged Fermi Holes. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8394-400. [DOI: 10.1021/jp903144q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR v.v.i., Prague 6, Suchdol 2, 165 02 Czech Republic
| | - Ferran Feixas
- Institute of Computational Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
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30
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Ponec R, Feixas F. Domain Averaged Fermi Hole Analysis for Open-Shell Systems. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:5773-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9015245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ponec
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of AS CR v.v.i., Prague 6, Suchdol 2, 165 02, Czech Republic
| | - Ferran Feixas
- Institute of Computational Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi 17071, Girona, Spain
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