1
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Lewis SP, Damodaran K. Highly
exo
‐olefinic polyisobutene synthesized using a recyclable acid. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stewart P. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry Pyramid Polymers LLC Zanesville Ohio USA
| | - Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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2
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Hijazi AK, Taha ZA, Abuhamad NJ, Al-Momani WM. Synthesis, and characterization of some Cu(I) complexes having propionitrile and pyridine moieties: An investigation on their antibacterial properties. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Abstract
Polyisobutylenes (PIB) constitute a versatile family of polymer materials that have been used mainly as fuel and lubricant additives. Particularly, the current commercial demand for highly reactive polyisobutylene (HR-PIB) products motivates the development of new processes and procedures to produce PIBs with high polymer yields, narrow molar mass distributions and high vinyl contents. For this reason, a bibliometric survey is presented here to map and discuss important technical aspects and technological trends in the field of solution cationic polymerization of isobutylenes. It is shown that investigations in this field are concentrated mainly on developed countries and that industrial initiatives indicate high commercial interest and significant investments in the field. It is also shown that use of catalyst systems based on AlCl3 and ether cocatalysts can be very beneficial for PIB and HR-PIB manufacture. Finally, it is shown that investigations search for cheaper and environmentally friendly catalysts and solvents that can be employed at moderate temperatures, particularly for the production of HR-PIB.
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4
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Catalytic cyclopropanation, antimicrobial, and DFT properties of some chelated transition metal(II) complexes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Method for initiating cationic polymerization of isobutylene by AlCl3. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-2024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Hijazi AK, Taha ZA, Ababneh TS, Alshare HM, Al-Bataineh N, Al-Momani WM, Ajlouni AM. In vitro biological, catalytic, and DFT studies of some iron(III) N-ligated complexes. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-01009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Ajlouni AM, Hijazi AK, Taha ZA, Al-Momani W, Okour A, Kühn FE. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological and Catalytic Activities of Propionitril: Ligated Transition Metal Complexes with [B(C6F5)4] as Counter Anion. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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8
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Vasilenko IV, Nikishev PA, Shiman DI, Kostjuk SV. Cationic polymerization of isobutylene in toluene: toward well-defined exo-olefin terminated medium molecular weight polyisobutylenes under mild conditions. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02131j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Medium molecular weight polyisobutylenes (∼35 000 g mol−1) with exo-olefin end groups (>80%) can be obtained by cationic polymerization of isobutylene in toluene using iBu2AlCl or iBuAlCl2·nOR2 (n = 0.6–0.8) as co-initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Vasilenko
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Pavel A. Nikishev
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Dmitriy I. Shiman
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Sergei V. Kostjuk
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
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9
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Hijazi AK, Taha ZA, Ajlouni AM, Al-Momani WM, Ababneh TS, Alshare HM, Kuehn FE. Synthesis, catalytic and biological activities and computational study of Fe(III) solvent-ligated complexes having B(Ph)4
as counter anion. Appl Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K. Hijazi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Ziyad A. Taha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Abdulaziz M. Ajlouni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Waleed M. Al-Momani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; Yarmouk University; Irbid Jordan
| | - Taher S. Ababneh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; Tafila Technical University; Jordan
| | - Heba M. Alshare
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Fritz E. Kuehn
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Catalysis; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 D-85747 Garching bei München Germany
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10
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Nasr A, Winkler A, Tamm M. Anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes: Synthesis, coordination chemistry and applications in homogeneous catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Lichtenthaler MR, Maurer S, Mangan RJ, Stahl F, Mönkemeyer F, Hamann J, Krossing I. Univalent Gallium Complexes of Simple andansa-Arene Ligands: Effects on the Polymerization of Isobutylene. Chemistry 2014; 21:157-65. [PMID: 25382015 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Lichtenthaler
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)
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12
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Lichtenthaler MR, Maurer S, Mangan RJ, Stahl F, Mönkemeyer F, Hamann J, Krossing I. Univalent Gallium Complexes of Simple and ansa-Arene Ligands: Effects on the Polymerization of Isobutylene. Chemistry 2014:n/a-n/a. [PMID: 25376094 DOI: 10.1002/chem.404833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Using [Ga(C6 H5 F)2 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- (1) (RF =C(CF3 )3 ) as starting material, we isolated bis- and tris-η6 -coordinated gallium(I) arene complex salts of p-xylene (1,4-Me2 C6 H4 ), hexamethylbenzene (C6 Me6 ), diphenylethane (PhC2 H4 Ph), and m-terphenyl (1,3-Ph2 C6 H4 ): [Ga(1,4-Me2 C6 H4 )2.5 ]+ (2+ ), [Ga(C6 Me6 )2 ]+ (3+ ), [Ga(PhC2 H4 Ph)]+ (4+ ) and [(C6 H5 F)Ga(μ-1,3-Ph2 C6 H4 )2 Ga(C6 H5 F)]2+ (52+ ). 4+ is the first structurally characterized ansa-like bent sandwich chelate of univalent gallium and 52+ the first binuclear gallium(I) complex without a GaGa bond. Beyond confirming the structural findings by multinuclear NMR spectroscopic investigations and density functional calculations (RI-BP86/SV(P) level), [Ga(PhC2 H4 Ph)]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- (4) and [(C6 H5 F)Ga(μ-1,3-Ph2 C6 H4 )2 Ga(C6 H5 F)]2+ {[Al(ORF )4 ] - }2 (5), featuring ansa-arene ligands, were tested as catalysts for the synthesis of highly reactive polyisobutylene (HR-PIB). In comparison to the recently published 1 and the [Ga(1,3,5-Me3 C6 H3 )2 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- salt (6) (1,3,5-Me3 C6 H3 =mesitylene), 4 and 5 gave slightly reduced reactivities. This allowed for favorably increased polymerization temperatures of up to +15 °C, while yielding HR-PIB with high contents of terminal olefinic double bonds (α-contents=84-93 %), low molecular weights (Mn =1000-3000 g mol-1 ) and good monomer conversions (up to 83 % in two hours). While the chelate complexes delivered more favorable results than 1 and 6, the reaction kinetics resembled and thus concurred with the recently proposed coordinative polymerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Lichtenthaler
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)
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13
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Hijazi AK, Taha ZA, Ajlouni A, Radhakrishnan N, Voit B, Kühn FE. Improved synthesis, characterization and catalytic application of [H(OEt2)2][B{C6H3(m-CF3)2}4]. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Shiman DI, Vasilenko IV, Kostjuk SV. Cationic polymerization of isobutylene by complexes of alkylaluminum dichlorides with diisopropyl ether: An activating effect of water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy I. Shiman
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems; Belarusian State University; 14 Leningradskaya St. 220030 Minsk Belarus
| | - Irina V. Vasilenko
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems; Belarusian State University; 14 Leningradskaya St. 220030 Minsk Belarus
| | - Sergei V. Kostjuk
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems; Belarusian State University; 14 Leningradskaya St. 220030 Minsk Belarus
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15
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Hand N, Mathers RT, Damodaran K, Lewis SP. Bulk and Solution Polymerization of Isobutene Using Tris(pentafluorophenyl)gallium and Tris(pentafluorophenyl)aluminum. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie4038483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hand
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Krishnan Damodaran
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stewart P. Lewis
- Innovative Science Corporation, Roanoke, Virginia 24019, United States
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16
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Lichtenthaler MR, Higelin A, Kraft A, Hughes S, Steffani A, Plattner DA, Slattery JM, Krossing I. Univalent Gallium Salts of Weakly Coordinating Anions: Effective Initiators/Catalysts for the Synthesis of Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om4005516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. Lichtenthaler
- Institut für
Anorganische und Analytische
Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute
for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) Section Soft Matter Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Higelin
- Institut für
Anorganische und Analytische
Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute
for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) Section Soft Matter Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für
Anorganische und Analytische
Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute
for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) Section Soft Matter Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Alberto Steffani
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar A. Plattner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - John M. Slattery
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für
Anorganische und Analytische
Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute
for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) Section Soft Matter Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Cationic polymerization of isobutylene by AlCl3/ether complexes in non-polar solvents: Effect of ether structure on the selectivity of β-H elimination. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Kostjuk SV, Yeong HY, Voit B. Cationic polymerization of isobutylene at room temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Yeong HY, Li Y, Kühn FE, Voit B. The role of solvent-ligated metal(II) complexes incorporating (fluoroalkoxy)aluminates as weakly coordinating anions in isobutylene polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Wagner AM, Knezevic CE, Wall JL, Sun VL, Buss JA, Allen LT, Wenzel AG. A copper(II)-catalyzed, sequential Michael–aldol reaction for the preparation of 1,2-dihydroquinolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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21
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Vasilenko IV, Shiman DI, Kostjuk SV. Highly reactive polyisobutylenes via AlCl3OBu2-coinitiated cationic polymerization of isobutylene: Effect of solvent polarity, temperature, and initiator. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Li Y, Cokoja M, Kühn FE. Inorganic/organometallic catalysts and initiators involving weakly coordinating anions for isobutene polymerisation. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Rach SF, Herdtweck E, Kühn FE. A straightforward synthesis of cationic nitrile ligated transition metal complexes with the [B(C6F5)4]− anion. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Diebl BE, Yeong HY, Cokoja M, Herdtweck E, Voit B, Kühn FE. Synthesis and catalytic application of monometallic molybdenum(IV) nitrile complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Li Y, He J, Khankhoje V, Herdtweck E, Köhler K, Storcheva O, Cokoja M, Kühn FE. Copper(ii) complexes incorporating poly/perfluorinated alkoxyaluminate-type weakly coordinating anions: Syntheses, characterization and catalytic application in stereoselective olefin aziridination. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:5746-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Bochmann M. Highly electrophilic organometallics for carbocationic polymerizations: from anion engineering to new polymer materials. Acc Chem Res 2010; 43:1267-78. [PMID: 20853908 DOI: 10.1021/ar100044s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ion-ion interactions are a crucial but often overlooked aspect of many polymerization reactions. The precise nature of cation-anion binding is as yet poorly understood, and little is known of the extent of ionic interactions in the typically nonaqueous, low-polarity reaction media of most polymerizations. Nevertheless, adequate control of cation-anion interactions can greatly enhance the productivity and efficiency of chemical processes and can provide low-energy alternatives to current methods. This is illustrated here with the carbocationic polymerization of isoalkenes. Carbocationic polymerizations involve, as the name implies, carbocations as propagating species. Of the various types of substrates that can be polymerized cationically, the copolymerization of isobutene to isobutene-isoprene rubber stands out as the only large-scale, industrially important implementation of this reaction type. The products, elastomers with controlled degrees of unsaturation for subsequent cross-linking, have excellent gas barrier and mechanical dampening properties that make them indispensable components in polymer composites. For such applications, the polymer molecular weight has to be high, ∼5 × 10(5) g/mol, with 1-2 mol % isoprene. Cationic polymerizations are however notoriously difficult to control. As a means of suppressing chain transfer, the process is carried out at temperatures as low as -100 °C, with aluminum chloride initiators in chloromethane. Current industrial production of isobutene-isoprene butyl rubber is thus highly energy intensive and produces aluminum and chloride effluent. This Account summarizes how highly electrophilic organometallics coupled with new types of very weakly coordinating counteranions can provide the basis for a more environmentally friendly, lower energy alternative. Because any copolymerization of two monomers, here primarily isobutene and isoprene, leads to two different propagating species, each of which is characterized by different chain growth and chain termination kinetics, variation of the associated counteranions can give rather unexpected results. With judicious choice of the initiator and the counteranion, new chemistry can be injected into such processes and can open avenues to new families of polymer materials. Mechanistic investigations of the initiation process with zirconocene hydrides illustrate the complexity of this first step. Replacing aluminum with zinc initiators not only provides a nontoxic alternative but also generates a system in which the polymer molecular weight is much less affected by temperature and comonomer concentration, which can lead to a range of products, from oligomeric lubricant precursors to C═C-rich high-molecular-weight elastomers. The key in all these cases is the construction of either preformed or in situ-generated complex anions that are resistant to electrophilic or redox degradation and are capable of stabilizing tightly associated carbocations. Such initiator systems allow much more benign operating temperatures, reduce the need for chlorocarbon solvents, and can operate at concentrations as low as 5 × 10(-5) M. Along the way are provided the first examples of structurally characterized sec-alkyl carbocations and carbocation salts of organometallic zincates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Bochmann
- Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
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27
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Li Y, Yeong HY, Herdtweck E, Voit B, Kühn FE. Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Nitrile‐Ligated Zinc(II) Complexes Incorporating (Fluoroalkoxy)aluminates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Molecular Catalysis, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany, Fax: +49‐89‐289‐13473
| | - Hui Yee Yeong
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, e. V. Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Fax: +49‐351‐4658565
| | - Eberhardt Herdtweck
- Molecular Catalysis, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany, Fax: +49‐89‐289‐13473
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, e. V. Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Fax: +49‐351‐4658565
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Molecular Catalysis, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany, Fax: +49‐89‐289‐13473
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Diebl BE, Li Y, Cokoja M, Kühn FE, Radhakrishnan N, Zschoche S, Komber H, Yeong HY, Voit B, Nuyken O, Hanefeld P, Walter HM. Synthesis and application of molybdenum (III) complexes bearing weakly coordinating anions as catalysts of isobutylene polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Vasilenko IV, Frolov AN, Kostjuk SV. Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene Using AlCl3OBu2 as a Coinitiator: Synthesis of Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1009275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Vasilenko
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya st., 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alexander N. Frolov
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya st., 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Sergei V. Kostjuk
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya st., 220030 Minsk, Belarus
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30
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On the Way to Improve the Environmental Benignity of Chemical Processes: Novel Catalysts for a Polymerization Process. SUSTAINABILITY 2009. [DOI: 10.3390/su1010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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