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Schulze EJ, Ritterhoff CL, Franz E, Tavlui O, Brummel O, Meyer B, Hirsch A. Synthesis and Characterization of Bola-Amphiphilic Porphyrin-Perylenebisimide Architectures. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303515. [PMID: 38200652 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and characterization of a family of three water-soluble bola-amphiphilic zinc-porphyrin-perylenebisimide triads containing oligo carboxylic-acid capped Newkome dendrons in the periphery. Variations of the perylenebisimide (PBI) core geometry and dendron size (G1 and G2 dendrons with 3- and 9-carboxylic acid groups respectively) allow for tuning the supramolecular aggregation behavior with respect to variation of the molecular architecture. The triads show good solubility in basic aqueous media and aggregation to supramolecular assemblies. Theoretical investigations at the DFT level of theory accompanied by electrochemical measurements unravel the geometric and electronic structure of the amphiphiles. UV/Vis and fluorescence titrations with varying amounts of THF demonstrate disaggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Schulze
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian L Ritterhoff
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Evanie Franz
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olha Tavlui
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Brummel
- Interface Research and Catalysis, Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Meyer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Denk P, El Maangar A, Prévost S, Silva W, Gschwind R, Zemb T, Kunz W. Cloud point, auto-coacervation, and nematic ordering of micelles formed by ethylene oxide containing carboxylate surfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 621:470-488. [PMID: 35483179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS In a recent paper, we determined the phase behavior of an aqueous solution of octyl ether octaethylene oxide carboxylic acid ([H+][C8E8c-], Akypo™ LF2) and with partial replacement of H+ by Na+ and Ca2+. It was found that even the neat surfactants are liquid at room temperature and that they form only direct micelles for any aqueous content and over large temperature ranges. The aim of the present work was to find an explanation for the clouding in these systems as well as for the coacervation observed at very low surfactant content. We expected that very similar phase diagrams would be found for a full replacement of H+ by the mentioned ions. EXPERIMENTS We established the respective phase diagrams of the above-mentioned salts in water and determined the structures of the occurring phases in detail with small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering, heat flux differential scanning calorimetry, as well as surface tension, ESI-MS, and NMR experiments. FINDINGS To our surprise, we discovered a new type of nematic phase between an isotropic and a hexagonal phase. Based on the complete description of all occurring phases both in the acidic and the charged surfactant systems, we were able to design a coherent and unified picture of all these phases, including the auto-coacervation at low surfactant concentration, the non-conventional clouding at high temperatures, the unusual liquid crystalline phases in a small domain at high surfactant concentrations, and the Lβ phase at low temperatures and at very low water content. It turned out that all phenomena are a consequence of the subtle interplay between a) the packing constraint due to the very large head-group, b) the relatively small hydrocarbon chain and c) the tunable electrostatic interactions versus entropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Denk
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Wagner Silva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Gschwind
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Zemb
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, France
| | - Werner Kunz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Das S, Roy S. 6-acylamino nicotinic acid-based hydrogelators applicable in phase selective gelation, reproducible mat formation and toxic dye removal. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Huraskin D, Horn AHC. Alkali ion influence on structure and stability of fibrillar amyloid-β oligomers. J Mol Model 2019; 25:37. [PMID: 30637529 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the aggregation of Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into oligomers, fibrils and plaques. Many factors influencing this process as well as the stability of the various Aβ aggregates are known to date, and include the concentration and type of metal ions. Most experimental and theoretical studies have concentrated on heavy metal ions, like Fe2+, Zn2+, or Cu2+, while the smaller alkali ions Li+, Na+, and K+ have not gained much attention notwithstanding their role and ubiquity in physiological environments. In this work, we applied atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the potential role of these alkali ions in stabilizing fibrillar Aβ oligomers of different size and topology, i.e., single and double filament systems comprising 3-24 peptide chains per filament. We find a pronounced difference on the molecular level in the interaction behavior with free carboxylate groups of the Aβ oligomer: Li+ forms stable bridged interactions, whereas K+ interacts more transiently and lacks bridging. The behavior of Na+ is in between, so that this ion-protein interaction obeys the renowned Hofmeister series. These differences are also reflected in the ability of the alkali ions to stabilize the oligomer secondary structure. The stabilizing effect is most pronounced for the smaller fibrillar oligomers, suggesting that the type of alkali ion critically affects the initial stages of fibril formation. Our findings thus offer a molecular explanation for the observation that the polymorphisms of Aβ fibril structures are caused by differences in the surrounding ionic environment. Graphical abstract Influence of alkali ions on the structure and stability of fibrillar amyloid-β oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyil Huraskin
- Bioinformatik Institut für Biochemie Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anselm H C Horn
- Bioinformatik Institut für Biochemie Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Kroeger T, Frieg B, Zhang T, Hansen FK, Marmann A, Proksch P, Nagel-Steger L, Groth G, Smits SHJ, Gohlke H. EDTA aggregates induce SYPRO orange-based fluorescence in thermal shift assay. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177024. [PMID: 28472107 PMCID: PMC5417642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is widely used in the life sciences as chelating ligand of metal ions. However, formation of supramolecular EDTA aggregates at pH > 8 has been reported, which may lead to artifactual assay results. When applied as a buffer component at pH ≈ 10 in differential scanning fluorimetry (TSA) using SYPRO Orange as fluorescent dye, we observed a sharp change in fluorescence intensity about 20°C lower than expected for the investigated protein. We hypothesized that this change results from SYPRO Orange/EDTA interactions. TSA experiments in the presence of SYPRO Orange using solutions that contain EDTA-Na+ but no protein were performed. The TSA experiments provide evidence that suggests that at pH > 9, EDTA4- interacts with SYPRO Orange in a temperature-dependent manner, leading to a fluorescence signal yielding a "denaturation temperature" of ~68°C. Titrating Ca2+ to SYPRO Orange and EDTA solutions quenched fluorescence. Ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) behaved similarly to EDTA. Analytical ultracentrifugation corroborated the formation of EDTA aggregates. Molecular dynamics simulations of free diffusion of EDTA-Na+ and SYPRO Orange of in total 27 μs suggested the first structural model of EDTA aggregates in which U-shaped EDTA4- arrange in an inverse bilayer-like manner, exposing ethylene moieties to the solvent, with which SYPRO Orange interacts. We conclude that EDTA aggregates induce a SYPRO Orange-based fluorescence in TSA. These results make it relevant to ascertain that future TSA results are not influenced by interference between EDTA, or EDTA-related molecules, and the fluorescent dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kroeger
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benedikt Frieg
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute for Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Marmann
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Luitgard Nagel-Steger
- Institute for Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Georg Groth
- Institute for Biochemical Plant Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H. J. Smits
- Institute for Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Design and Construction of a Novel Flame-Based Electroanalyzer for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Alkali ions at nM Levels by Amperometry: Discrimination of Alzheimer’s Disease. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Beierlein FR, Clark T, Braunschweig B, Engelhardt K, Glas L, Peukert W. Carboxylate Ion Pairing with Alkali-Metal Ions for β-Lactoglobulin and Its Role on Aggregation and Interfacial Adsorption. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:5505-17. [PMID: 25825918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a combined experimental and computational study of the whey protein β-lactoglobulin (BLG) in different electrolyte solutions. Vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) and ellipsometry were used to investigate the molecular structure of BLG modified air-water interfaces as a function of LiCl, NaCl, and KCl concentrations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and thermodynamic integration provided details of the ion pairing of protein surface residues with alkali-metal cations. Our results at pH 6.2 indicate that BLG at the air-water interface forms mono- and bilayers preferably at low and high ionic strength, respectively. Results from SFG spectroscopy and ellipsometry are consistent with intimate ion pairing of alkali-metal cations with aspartate and glutamate carboxylates, which is shown to be more effective for smaller cations (Li(+) and Na(+)). MD simulations show not only carboxylate-alkali-metal ion pairs but also ion multiplets with the alkali-metal ion in a bridging position between two or more carboxylates. Consequently, alkali-metal cations can bridge carboxylates not only within a monomer but also between monomers, thus providing an important dimerization mechanism between hydrophilic surface patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank R Beierlein
- †Computer-Chemie-Centrum and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.,‡Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 49b, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- †Computer-Chemie-Centrum and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.,‡Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 49b, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.,∥Centre for Molecular Design, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry I Street, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- ‡Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 49b, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.,§Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Engelhardt
- §Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Glas
- §Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- ‡Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstr. 49b, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.,§Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Cheetham A, Zhang P, Lin YA, Lin R, Cui H. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of a Mikto-Arm Star Dual Drug Amphiphile Containing both Paclitaxel and Camptothecin. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:7316-7326. [PMID: 25667746 PMCID: PMC4319564 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of anticancer therapeutics into discrete nanostructures provides an innovative way to develop a self-delivering nanomedicine with a high, quantitative drug loading. We report here the synthesis and assembly of a mikto-arm star dual drug amphiphile (DA) containing both a bulky paclitaxel (PTX) and a planar camptothecin (CPT). The two anti-cancer drugs of interest were stochastically conjugated to a β-sheet forming peptide (Sup35) and under physiologically-relevant conditions the dual DA could spontaneously associate into supramolecular filaments with a fixed 41% total drug loading (29% PTX and 12% CPT). Transmission electron microscopy imaging and circular dichroism spectroscopy studies reveal that the bulkiness of the PTX, as well as the π-π interaction preference between the CPT units, has a significant impact on the assembly kinetics, molecular level packing, and nanostructure morphology and stability. We found that the DA containing two PTX units assembled into non-filamentous micelle-like structures, in contrast to the filamentous structures formed by the hetero dual DA and the DA containing two CPTs. The hetero dual DA was found to effectively release the two anticancer agents, exhibiting superior cytotoxicity against PTX-resistant cervical cancer cells. The presented work offers a potential method to generate well-defined entwined filamentous nanostructures and provides the basis for a future combination therapy platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.G. Cheetham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - P. Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Y.-A. Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - R. Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - H. Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Structural Variations in Coordination Polymers of Sodium and Cesium Dicarboxylates. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-013-9963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Palumbo Piccionello A, Guarcello A, Calabrese A, Pibiri I, Pace A, Buscemi S. Synthesis of fluorinated oxadiazoles with gelation and oxygen storage ability. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3044-52. [PMID: 22395126 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07024c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of fluorinated low molecular weight (LMW) gelators has been synthesized through SNAr substitution of 5-polyfluoroaryl-3-perfluoroheptyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with glycine ester. The obtained compounds give thermal and pH-sensitive hydrogels or thermo-reversible organogels in DMSO. Oxygen solubility studies showed the ability to maintain high oxygen levels in solution and in gel blend with plate counter agar (PCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari e Biomolecolari - Sez. Chimica Organica E. Paternò, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze - Parco d'Orleans II, Ed. 17, I-90128, Palermo, Italy.
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Schunk T, Hirsch A. Dendritic Architectures with Positively Charged Cores and Negatively Charged Shells. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Backes C, Hauke F, Hirsch A. The potential of perylene bisimide derivatives for the solubilization of carbon nanotubes and graphene. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:2588-2601. [PMID: 21484893 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes and graphene are outstanding materials of the 21st century with a broad spectrum of applications. However, major challenges are faced such as the intrinsically low solubility of both sp2 carbon allotropes. To overcome this hurdle the potential of noncovalent functionalization is summarized with a special focus on the establishment of the perylene bisimide unit as aromatic anchor to the graphitic surface. Rational surfactant design is unmasked as the key to solubilization of the carbon allotropes, while at the same time tailoring their surface properties, or even electronic properties in a fully reversible fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Backes
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Dr. Mack Str. 81, 90762 Fuerth, Germany
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Backes C, Schunk T, Hauke F, Hirsch A. Counterion effect on the aggregation of anionic perylene dyes and the influence on carbon nanotube dispersion efficiencies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02505d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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