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Recent Advances in Asymmetric Synthesis of Pyrrolidine-Based Organocatalysts and Their Application: A 15-Year Update. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052234. [PMID: 36903480 PMCID: PMC10005811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1971, chemists from Hoffmann-La Roche and Schering AG independently discovered a new asymmetric intramolecular aldol reaction catalyzed by the natural amino acid proline, a transformation now known as the Hajos-Parrish-Eder-Sauer-Wiechert reaction. These remarkable results remained forgotten until List and Barbas reported in 2000 that L-proline was also able to catalyze intermolecular aldol reactions with non-negligible enantioselectivities. In the same year, MacMillan reported on asymmetric Diels-Alder cycloadditions which were efficiently catalyzed by imidazolidinones deriving from natural amino acids. These two seminal reports marked the birth of modern asymmetric organocatalysis. A further important breakthrough in this field happened in 2005, when Jørgensen and Hayashi independently proposed the use of diarylprolinol silyl ethers for the asymmetric functionalization of aldehydes. During the last 20 years, asymmetric organocatalysis has emerged as a very powerful tool for the facile construction of complex molecular architectures. Along the way, a deeper knowledge of organocatalytic reaction mechanisms has been acquired, allowing for the fine-tuning of the structures of privileged catalysts or proposing completely new molecular entities that are able to efficiently catalyze these transformations. This review highlights the most recent advances in the asymmetric synthesis of organocatalysts deriving from or related to proline, starting from 2008.
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Das T, Mohapatra S, Mishra NP, Nayak S, Raiguru BP. Recent Advances in Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition Reactions to α, β‐Unsaturated Nitroolefins. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tapaswini Das
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003, Odisha India
| | - Seetaram Mohapatra
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003, Odisha India
| | - Nilima P. Mishra
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003, Odisha India
| | - Sabita Nayak
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003, Odisha India
| | - Bishnu P. Raiguru
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003, Odisha India
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An F, Maji B, Min E, Ofial AR, Mayr H. Basicities and Nucleophilicities of Pyrrolidines and Imidazolidinones Used as Organocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1526-1547. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng An
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Min
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Molecular Structures of Enantiomerically-Pure (S)-2-(Triphenylsilyl)- and (S)-2-(Methyldiphenylsilyl)pyrrolidinium Salts. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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5
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Hu X, Wei YF, Wu N, Jiang Z, Liu C, Luo RS. Indolinol-catalyzed asymmetric Michael reaction of aldehydes to nitroalkenes in brine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Firth JD, O’Brien P, Ferris L. Synthesis of Enantiopure Piperazines via Asymmetric Lithiation–Trapping of N-Boc Piperazines: Unexpected Role of the Electrophile and Distal N-Substituent. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:651-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James D. Firth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Peter O’Brien
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Leigh Ferris
- AstraZeneca U.K., Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K
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Abstract
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Cyclic amines such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline
undergo regiodivergent
annulation reactions with 4-nitrobutyraldehydes. These redox-neutral
transformations enable the asymmetric synthesis of highly substituted
polycyclic ring systems in just two steps from commercial materials.
The utility of this process is illustrated in a rapid synthesis of
(−)-protoemetinol. Computational studies provide mechanistic
insights and implicate the elimination of acetic acid from an ammonium
nitronate intermediate as the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoungKu Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Martin Breugst
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln , Greinstraße 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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8
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Yu H, Liu M, Han S. Highly efficient asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroalkenes with 4,5-methano-l-proline as organocatalysts. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Zhang Q, Cui X, Chen L, Liu H, Wu Y. Syntheses of Chiral Ferrocenophanes and Their Application to Asymmetric Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Kumar TP. Asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins catalyzed by a pyrrolidine–pyrazole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Erdmann H, An F, Mayer P, Ofial AR, Lakhdar S, Mayr H. Structures and Reactivities of 2-Trityl- and 2-(Triphenylsilyl)pyrrolidine-Derived Enamines: Evidence for Negative Hyperconjugation with the Trityl Group. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14263-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja508065e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Erdmann
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Feng An
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Sami Lakhdar
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, UMR CNRS 6507, 6 Boulevard
Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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12
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Demir AS, Basceken S. Synthesis of a bipyridine-derived achiral thiourea trifluoromethanesulfonic acid salt and its application as an additive in organocatalytic asymmetric reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Asymmetric Michael addition of 4H-thiopyran-4-one to nitroolefins catalyzed by diamine mono-N-sulfonamide and its application to concise synthesis of enantiopure multiring heterocycles. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Petruzziello D, Stenta M, Mazzanti A, Cozzi PG. A Rational Approach Towards a New Ferrocenyl Pyrrolidine for Stereoselective Enamine Catalysis. Chemistry 2013; 19:7696-700. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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GAN LIHUA, ZHOU JIN, GUO XIAO. THE REACTION MECHANISMS OF ALDEHYDES AND NITROSTYRENE CATALYZED BY A CHIRAL SILYLATED PYRROLIDINE CATALYST. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633613500041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric Michael reaction of aldehydes and nitrostyrene catalyzed by a new (S)-tertbutyl-diphenyl-silyl-pyrrolidine catalyst has been investigated by using density functional theory calculations. The Re face of the enamine is effectively shielded, because of the bulky 2-substituent group on the pyrrolidine ring. For acetaldehyde, there are two different conformers of enamines. Based on the two conformers of enamines, four different reaction pathways have been considered. The calculated enantiomeric excess value is 80.27% in favor of the (R)-configuration product. For propanal, eight different reaction pathways have been considered and the eight corresponding transition states have been located. The calculated enantiomeric excess value is 98.96% in favor of the (2S, 3R)-configuration product. These calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental observations. In addition, the calculations also show that both the used solvent and the enamines play important roles in determining the stereochemical outcome of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- LI-HUA GAN
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - JIN ZHOU
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - XIAO GUO
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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16
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Chen J, Geng ZC, Li N, Huang XF, Pan FF, Wang XW. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aliphatic Aldehydes to Indolylnitroalkenes: Access to Contiguous Stereogenic Tryptamine Precursors. J Org Chem 2013; 78:2362-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3024945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Cong Geng
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fei Huang
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Feng-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s
Republic of China
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17
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Xu K, Zhang S, Hu Y, Zha Z, Wang Z. Asymmetric Michael Reaction Catalyzed by Proline Lithium Salt: Efficient Synthesis ofL-Proline and Isoindoloisoquinolinone Derivatives. Chemistry 2013; 19:3573-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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Asymmetric Michael Reaction of Acetaldehyde with Nitroolefins Catalyzed by Highly Water-Compatible Organocatalysts in Aqueous Media. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Min T, Fettinger JC, Franz AK. Enantiocontrol with a Hydrogen-bond Directing Pyrrolidinylsilanol Catalyst. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs300290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taewoo Min
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616,
United States
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616,
United States
| | - Annaliese K. Franz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616,
United States
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20
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Beemelmanns C, Husmann R, Whelligan DK, Özçubukçu S, Bolm C. Planar-Chiral Bis-silanols and Diols as H-Bonding Asymmetric Organocatalysts. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Otvös SB, Mándity IM, Fülöp F. Highly efficient 1,4-addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins: organocatalysis in continuous flow by solid-supported peptidic catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:266-269. [PMID: 22298413 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sándor B Otvös
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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22
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Zhou J, Chang Q, Gan LH, Peng YG. The roles of benzoic acid and water on the Michael reactions of pentanal and nitrostyrene catalyzed by diarylprolinol silyl ether. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6732-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25970b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, China
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23
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Zhao L, Shen J, Liu D, Liu Y, Zhang W. Highly efficient asymmetric Michael addition of aldehyde to nitroolefin using perhydroindolic acid as a chiral organocatalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2840-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob00003b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Durini M, Sahr FA, Kuhn M, Civera M, Gennari C, Piarulli U. Bifunctional 2,5-Diketopiperazines as Efficient Organocatalysts for the Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroolefins. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Jentzsch KI, Min T, Etcheson JI, Fettinger JC, Franz AK. Silyl Fluoride Electrophiles for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Silylated Pyrrolidine Catalysts. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7065-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200991q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb I. Jentzsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Taewoo Min
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jennifer I. Etcheson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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27
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Shen H, Yang KF, Shi ZH, Jiang JX, Lai GQ, Xu LW. Recyclable Tertiary Amine Modified Diarylprolinol Ether as Aminocatalyst for the Sequential Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclohexanes and Chromenes. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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28
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Rahaman H, Madarász Á, Pápai I, Pihko PM. Dual Hydrogen-Bond/Enamine Catalysis Enables a Direct Enantioselective Three-Component Domino Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:6123-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Rahaman H, Madarász Á, Pápai I, Pihko PM. Dual Hydrogen-Bond/Enamine Catalysis Enables a Direct Enantioselective Three-Component Domino Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Motoyama K, Ikeda M, Miyake Y, Nishibayashi Y. Cooperative Catalytic Reactions Using Lewis Acids and Organocatalysts: Enantioselective Propargylic Alkylation of Propargylic Alcohols Bearing an Internal Alkyne with Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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31
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Yoshida A, Ikeda M, Hattori G, Miyake Y, Nishibayashi Y. Cooperative Catalytic Reactions Using Organocatalysts and Transition Metal Catalysts: Enantioselective Propargylic Alkylation of Propargylic Esters with Aldehydes. Org Lett 2011; 13:592-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1027865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Yoshida
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ikeda
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Gaku Hattori
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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Chen JR, Fu L, Zou YQ, Chang NJ, Rong J, Xiao WJ. Pyrrolidinyl-sulfamide derivatives as a new class of bifunctional organocatalysts for direct asymmetric Michael addition of cyclohexanone to nitroalkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5280-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05442b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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