1
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Suleymanov AA, He Q, Müller P, Swager TM. Highly Contorted Rigid Nitrogen-Rich Nanographene with Four Heptagons. Org Lett 2024; 26:5227-5231. [PMID: 38536955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitution of 9,10-dichlorooctafluoroanthracene with 3,4-diethylpyrrole and subsequent Scholl reaction give the annularly fused decapyrrollyl anthracene. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed a highly contorted geometry induced by a combination of adjacent heptagons, forming a unique 7-7-6-7-7 topology. The end-to-end twist angle along the acene moiety is 90°. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal 6-electron oxidation waves. Density functional theory calculations provided further insights into the aromaticity and electronic properties of this highly twisted, nitrogen-rich nanographene. The structural rigidity and high racemization energy barrier have been studied theoretically and experimentally by VT-NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A Suleymanov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qilin He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Yang L, Matsuyama H, Zhang S, Terada M, Jin T. Tandem Oxidative Ring Expansion for Synthesis of Dibenzocyclooctaphenanthrenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:5121-5125. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tienan Jin
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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3
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Akhmetov V, Förtsch A, Feofanov M, Troyanov S, Amsharov K. Folding of fluorinated oligoarylenes into non-alternant PAHs with various topological shapes. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00370k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented [6]helicene's cavity closure indicating the possibility of introducing seven-membered rings via alumina-mediated C–F activation is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Akhmetov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Organic Chemistry II
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Andreas Förtsch
- Institute of Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
- D-06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Mikhail Feofanov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Organic Chemistry II
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Sergey Troyanov
- Chemistry Department
- Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Organic Chemistry II
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
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4
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Abstract
Negatively curved carbons are theoretical carbon allotropes as proposed by embedding heptagons or octagons in a graphitic lattice. Unlike five-membered rings in fullerenes, which induce positive curvature, the seven- or eight-membered rings induce negative curvature, giving rise to a variety of esthetic carbon nanostructures known as Mackay crystals or carbon schwarzites. In addition, hypothetical toroidal carbon nanotubes consisting of five-, six-, and seven-membered rings present positive curvature on the outside and negative curvature on the inside of the torus. These carbon allotropes with negative curvature are predicted to have interesting properties and potential applications on the basis of computational studies but are yet to be synthesized. A promising bottom-up approach to these intriguing but still imaginary carbon structures is organic synthesis of negatively curved polycyclic arenes, which are also known as negatively curved nanographenes. They not only are segments of negatively curved carbon allotropes containing important structural information but also can in principle be used as templates or monomer units for the synthesis of carbon schwarzites and toroidal carbon nanotubes. This Account describes research on the design, synthesis, structure, stereochemical dynamics, and properties of negatively curved nanographenes, with emphasis on our efforts in this field. In our designs of negatively curved nanographenes, a few heptagon- or octagon-embedded π systems were employed as basic structural units, including [7]circulene, heptagon-embedded hexa- peri-benzocoronene, tetrabenzodipleiadiene, and [8]circulene. They present a saddle-shaped geometry and consist of a relatively small number of sp2 carbon atoms. By expanding or connecting these structural units, we designed and synthesized larger negatively curved nanographenes consisting of up to 96 sp2 carbon atoms. A method of key importance in the synthesis of negatively curved nanographenes is the Scholl reaction, which enables the formation of multiple carbon-carbon bonds in a single step by intramolecular oxidative cyclodehydrogenation. The unique structures of negatively curved nanographenes were studied by experimental and computational methods. In particular, X-ray crystallography of single crystals revealed remarkably curved π faces accompanied by severe out-of-plane deformation of benzenoid rings, which sheds light on the limit of π bonds and the aromaticity of polycycles. As found mainly from calculations, the flexible polycyclic frameworks of negatively curved nanographenes are associated with stereochemical dynamics that is not available for planar polycyclic aromatics. In addition, some negatively curved nanographenes have been found to function as organic semiconductors in the solid state. We envision that the study of negatively curved nanographenes will serve as an important initial step toward the eventual synthesis of new carbon allotropes with negative curvature and new frontiers of nanocarbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ho Pun
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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5
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Okuda Y, Fukui N, Kim J, Kim T, Jiang HW, Copley G, Kitano M, Kim D, Osuka A. Ameso-mesoβ-β β-β Triply Linked Subporphyrin Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Okuda
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory of Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory of Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Hua-Wei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Graeme Copley
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory of Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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6
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Okuda Y, Fukui N, Kim J, Kim T, Jiang HW, Copley G, Kitano M, Kim D, Osuka A. Ameso-mesoβ-β β-β Triply Linked Subporphyrin Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12317-12321. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Okuda
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory of Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory of Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Hua-Wei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Graeme Copley
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitano
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory of Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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7
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Gu X, Li H, Shan B, Liu Z, Miao Q. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Tetrabenzo[7]circulene. Org Lett 2017; 19:2246-2249. [PMID: 28421768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetrabenzo[7]circulene, a new member of aromatic saddles, was conveniently synthesized from 2-(1-naphthoyl)benzoic acid with the seven-membered ring constructed at an early stage of the synthesis. This method, upon minor modification, was also useful for synthesis of thiophene-annulated [7]circulenes. The structures of tetrabenzo[7]circulene and [7]circulene were compared in terms of symmetry, flexibility, and curvature on the basis of DFT calculations and X-ray crystallography. It was also found that tetrabenzo[7]circulene functioned as a p-type semiconductor in thin-film transistors and cocrystallized with C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huiyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bowen Shan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Abstract
Chiral non-planar polyaromatic systems that display zero, positive or negative Gaussian curvature are analysed and their potential to ‘encode’ chirality of larger sp2-carbon allotropes is evaluated. Shown is a hypothetical peanut-shaped carbon allotrope, where helical chirality results from the interplay of various curvature types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Rickhaus
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
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9
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Abstract
A new kind of sp2 carbon nano-rings containing a heptagon and an octagon was synthesized by taking advantage of the “C” shape of syn-tetrabenzoheptafulvalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Yin Cheung
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, New Territories
- China
| | - Shuaijun Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, New Territories
- China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, New Territories
- China
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10
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Some Algebraic Polynomials and Topological Indices of Generalized Prism and Toroidal Polyhex Networks. Symmetry (Basel) 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/sym9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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11
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Wu ZY, Wang W. Transition-Metal Chelates of Terpyridine-Fullerene/Nanotube Diads: Synthesis and Redox Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2014.963249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yi Wu
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P. R. China
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Yin Cheung
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants
Committee), Hong Kong, China
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14
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Loyola ML, De Las Peñas MLAN, Estrada GM, Santoso EB. Symmetry groups associated with tilings on a flat torus. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2014; 71:99-110. [PMID: 25537393 DOI: 10.1107/s205327331402419x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigates symmetry and color symmetry properties of Kepler, Heesch and Laves tilings embedded on a flat torus and their geometric realizations as tilings on a round torus in Euclidean 3-space. The symmetry group of the tiling on the round torus is determined by analyzing relevant symmetries of the planar tiling that are transformed to axial symmetries of the three-dimensional tiling. The focus on studying tilings on a round torus is motivated by applications in the geometric modeling of nanotori and the determination of their symmetry groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Loyola
- Mathematics Department, Ateneo de Manila University, Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1108, Philippines
| | | | - Grace M Estrada
- Mathematics Department, Ateneo de Manila University, Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1108, Philippines
| | - Eko Budi Santoso
- Mathematics Department, Ateneo de Manila University, Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1108, Philippines
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15
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Chuang C, Fan Y, Jin B. Comments on Structural Types of Toroidal Carbon Nanotubes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201200658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chern Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Sciences, and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yuan‐Chia Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Sciences, and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bih‐Yaw Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Sciences, and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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16
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Assali M, Leal MP, Fernández I, Khiar N. Synthesis and non-covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes rings: new nanomaterials with lectin affinity. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:085604. [PMID: 23385976 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/8/085604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a mild and practical carbon nanotubes rings (CNRs) synthesis from non-covalent functionalized and water-soluble linear single-wall carbon nanotubes. The hemi-micellar-supramolecular self-organization of lactose-based glycolipid 1 on the ring surface, followed by photo-polymerization of the diacetylenic function triggered by UV light afforded the first water-soluble and biocompatible CNRs. The obtained donut-like nanoconstructs expose a high density of lactose moieties on their surface, and are able to engage specific interactions with Arachis hypogea lectin similar to glycoconjugates on the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohyeddin Assali
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Américo Vespucio, Sevilla, Spain
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17
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Luo J, Xu X, Mao R, Miao Q. Curved Polycyclic Aromatic Molecules That Are π-Isoelectronic to Hexabenzocoronene. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13796-803. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3054354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiye Luo
- Department of Chemistry,
The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong,
China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Department of Chemistry,
The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong,
China
| | - Renxin Mao
- Department of Chemistry,
The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong,
China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry,
The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong,
China
- Institute of Molecular
Functional
Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee),
Hong Kong, China
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