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De S, Ranjan P, Chaurasia V, Pal S, Pal S, Pandey P, Bera JK. Synchronous Proton-Hydride Transfer by a Pyrazole-Functionalized Protic Mn(I) Complex in Catalytic Alcohol Dehydrogenative Coupling. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301758. [PMID: 37490592 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
A series of Mn(I) complexes Mn(L1 )(CO)3 Br, Mn(L2 )(CO)3 Br, Mn(L1 )(CO)3 (OAc) and Mn(L3 )(CO)3 Br [L1 =2-(5-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1,8-naphthyridine, L2 =2-(5-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine, L3 =2-(5-tert-butyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1,8-naphthyridine] were synthesized and fully characterized. The acid-base equilibrium between the pyrazole and the pyrazolato forms of Mn(L1 )(CO)3 Br was studied by 1 H NMR and UV-vis spectra. These complexes are screened as catalysts for acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling (ADC) of primary alcohols and aromatic diamines for the synthesis of benzimidazole and quinoline derivatives with the release of H2 and H2 O as byproducts. The protic complex Mn(L1 )(CO)3 Br shows the highest catalytic activity for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives with broad substrate scope, whereas a related complex [Mn(L3 )(CO)3 Br], which is devoid of the proton responsive β-NH unit, shows significantly reduced catalytic efficiency validating the crucial role of the β-NH functionality for the alcohol dehydrogenation reactions. Control experiments, kinetic and deuterated studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a synchronous hydride-proton transfer by the metal-ligand construct in the alcohol dehydrogenation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata De
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Prabodh Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Vishal Chaurasia
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Saikat Pal
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Pragati Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Jitendra K Bera
- Department of Chemistry and, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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2
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Nath S, Yadav E, Raghuvanshi A, Singh AK. Ru(II) Complexes with Protic- and Anionic-Naked-NHC Ligands for Cooperative Activation of Small Molecules. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301971. [PMID: 37377294 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
A set of ruthenium(II)-protic-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes, [Ru(NNCH )(PPh3 )2 (X)]Cl (1, X=Cl and 2, X=H) and their deprotonated forms [Ru(NNC)(PPh3 )2 (X)] (1', X=Cl and 2', X=H), in which NNC is a new unsymmetrical pincer ligand, are reported. The four complexes are interconvertible by simple acid-base chemistry. The combined theoretical and spectroscopic investigations indicate charge segregation in anionic-NHC complexes (1' and 2') and can be described from a Lewis pair perspective. The chemical reactivity of deprotonated complex 1' shows cooperative small molecule activation. Complex 1' activates H-H bond of hydrogen, C(sp3 )-I bond of iodomethane, and C(sp)-H bond of phenylacetylene. The activation of CO2 using anionic NHC complex 1' at moderate temperature and ambient pressure and subsequent conversion to formate is also described. All the new compounds have been characterized using ESI-MS, 1 H, 13 C, and 31 P NMR spectroscopy. Molecular structures of 1, 2, and 2' have also been determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cooperative small molecule activation perspective broadens the scope of potential applications of anionic-NHC complexes in small molecule activation, including the conversion of carbon dioxide to formate, a much sought after reaction in the renewable energy and sustainable development domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhu Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Ekta Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Abhinav Raghuvanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Amrendra K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
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Lin WS, Kuwata S. Recent Developments in Reactions and Catalysis of Protic Pyrazole Complexes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083529. [PMID: 37110763 PMCID: PMC10143336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protic pyrazoles (N-unsubstituted pyrazoles) have been versatile ligands in various fields, such as materials chemistry and homogeneous catalysis, owing to their proton-responsive nature. This review provides an overview of the reactivities of protic pyrazole complexes. The coordination chemistry of pincer-type 2,6-bis(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridines is first surveyed as a class of compounds for which significant advances have made in the last decade. The stoichiometric reactivities of protic pyrazole complexes with inorganic nitrogenous compounds are then described, which possibly relates to the inorganic nitrogen cycle in nature. The last part of this article is devoted to outlining the catalytic application of protic pyrazole complexes, emphasizing the mechanistic aspect. The role of the NH group in the protic pyrazole ligand and resulting metal-ligand cooperation in these transformations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Syuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
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Sato K, Komuro T, Osawa T, Hashimoto H, Tobita H. Iridium Complexes with a Naphthyridine-Based Si, N-Ligand: Synthesis and Catalytic Activity toward Olefin Hydrogenation. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takashi Komuro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hisako Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Hu X, Guo L, Liu M, Sun M, Zhang Q, Peng H, Zhang F, Liu Z. Formation of Iridium(III) and Rhodium(III) Amine, Imine, and Amido Complexes Based on Pyridine-Amine Ligands: Structural Diversity Arising from Reaction Conditions, Substituent Variation, and Metal Centers. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10051-10065. [PMID: 35735792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the different coordination modes of half-sandwich iridium(III) and rhodium(III) complexes based on pyridine-amine ligands. The pyridyl-amine iridium(III) and rhodium(III) complexes, the corresponding oxidation pyridyl-imine products, and 16-electron pyridyl-amido complexes can be obtained through the change in reaction conditions (nitrogen/adventitious oxygen atmosphere, reaction time, and solvents) and structural variations in the metal and ligand. Overall, the reaction of pyridine-amine ligands with [(η5-C5(CH3)5)MCl2]2 (M = Ir or Rh) in the presence of adventitious oxygen afforded the oxidized pyridyl-imine complexes. The possible mechanism for the oxidation of iridium(III) and rhodium(III) amine complexes was confirmed by the detection of the byproduct hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the formation of pyridyl-amine complexes was favored when nonpolar solvent CH2Cl2 was used instead of CH3OH. The rarely reported complex with [(η5-Cp*)IrCl3] anions can also be obtained without the addition of NH4PF6. The introduction of the sterically bulky i-Bu group on the bridge carbon of the ligand led to the formation of stable 16-electron pyridyl-amido complexes. The pyridyl-amine iridium(III) and rhodium(III) complexes were also synthesized under a N2 atmosphere, and no H2O2 was detected in the whole process. In particular, the aqueous solution stability and in vitro cytotoxicity toward A549 and HeLa human cancer cells of these complexes were also evaluated. No obvious selectivity was observed for cancer cells versus normal cells with these complexes. Notably, the represented complex 5a can promote an increase in the reactive oxygen species level and induce cell death via apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Mengru Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Qiuya Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Fanjun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
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6
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Liang Q, Song D. Syntheses and Reactivity of Piano-Stool Iron Complexes of Picolyl-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liang
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Datong Song
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Lapshin IV, Cherkasov AV, Trifonov AA. Synthesis and structures of 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazolium chloride and 1,1′-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-2,2′-bis(4,5-dimethylimidazole). Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Toda T, Kuwata S. Synthesis, Structures, and Reactivities of Iron Complexes Bearing an Isoindoline‐Based, Polyprotic Pincer‐Type Pyrazole Ligand. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Toda
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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Kaur M, U Din Reshi N, Patra K, Bhattacherya A, Kunnikuruvan S, Bera JK. A Proton-Responsive Pyridyl(benzamide)-Functionalized NHC Ligand on Ir Complex for Alkylation of Ketones and Secondary Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:10737-10748. [PMID: 33998720 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A Cp*Ir(III) complex (1) of a newly designed ligand L1 featuring a proton-responsive pyridyl(benzamide) appended on N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) has been synthesized. The molecular structure of 1 reveals a dearomatized form of the ligand. The protonation of 1 with HBF4 in tetrahydrofuran gives the corresponding aromatized complex [Cp*Ir(L1 H)Cl]BF4 (2). Both compounds are characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray crystallography. The protonation of 1 with acid is examined by 1 H NMR and UV-vis spectra. The proton-responsive character of 1 is exploited for catalyzing α-alkylation of ketones and β-alkylation of secondary alcohols using primary alcohols as alkylating agents through hydrogen-borrowing methodology. Compound 1 is an effective catalyst for these reactions and exhibits a superior activity in comparison to a structurally similar iridium complex [Cp*Ir(L2 )Cl]PF6 (3) lacking a proton-responsive pendant amide moiety. The catalytic alkylation is characterized by a wide substrate scope, low catalyst and base loadings, and a short reaction time. The catalytic efficacy of 1 is also demonstrated for the syntheses of quinoline and lactone derivatives via acceptorless dehydrogenation, and selective alkylation of two steroids, pregnenolone and testosterone. Detailed mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations substantiate the role of the proton-responsive ligand in the hydrogen-borrowing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Noor U Din Reshi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Kamaless Patra
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Arindom Bhattacherya
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sooraj Kunnikuruvan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, India
| | - Jitendra K Bera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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10
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Cabelof AC, Carta V, Chen C, Pink M, Caulton KG. Pincers with diverse donors and their interconversion: application to Ni(II). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa C. Cabelof
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | - Chun‐Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | - Kenneth G. Caulton
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
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11
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Pal S, Iwasaki T, Nozaki K. Metal-ligand cooperative κ 1- N-pyrazolate Cp*Rh III-catalysts for dehydrogenation of dimethylamine-borane at room temperature. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7938-7943. [PMID: 34079977 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01705e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3,5-Dimethylpyrazole (Pz*H) in well-defined Cp*RhIII (Cp* = 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) complexes, or as an additive to [Cp*RhCl2]2 enhances catalytic activity in the dehydrogenation of dimethylamine-borane (DMAB) at room-temperature. Mechanistic studies indicate that the Lewis acidic RhIII-centre and dangling N-atom of the Pz* fragment operate cooperatively in accepting a hydride and proton from DMAB, respectively, leading directly to dimethylamino-borane and a RhIII-H complex. The rate limiting step involves protonation of the RhIII-H by the proximal NH fragment of the Pz*H moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrinwantu Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Takanori Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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12
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Martinez EE, Larson AJS, Fuller SK, Petersen KM, Smith SJ, Michaelis DJ. 2-Phosphinoimidazole Ligands: N–H NHC or P–N Coordination Complexes in Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions of Aryl Chlorides. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Alexandra J. S. Larson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Sydney K. Fuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Kathryn M. Petersen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Stacey J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - David J. Michaelis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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13
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Cabelof AC, Carta V, Caulton KG. A proton-responsive ligand becomes a dimetal linker for multisubstrate assembly via nitrate deoxygenation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2780-2783. [PMID: 33598673 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07886g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A bidentate pyrazolylpyridine ligand (HL) was installed on divalent nickel to give [(HL)2Ni(NO3)]NO3. This compound reacts with a bis-silylated heterocycle, 1,4-bis-(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadiene (TMS2Pz) to simultaneously reduce one of the nitrate ligands and deprotonate one of the HL ligands, giving octahedral (HL)(L-)Ni(NO3). The mononitrate species formed is then further reacted with TMS2Pz to doubly deoxygenate nitrate and form [(L-)Ni(NO)]2, dimeric via bridging pyrazolate with bent nitrosyl ligands, representing a two-electron reduction of coordinated nitrate. Independent synthesis of a dimeric species [(L-)Ni(Br)]2 is reported and effectively assembles two metals with better atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa C Cabelof
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA.
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA.
| | - Kenneth G Caulton
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA.
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14
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Jahnke MC, Pichl RMC, Hahn FE. Oxidative Addition of 2‐Halogenopyridines and 2‐Chloroquinoline to Zero‐Valent Group 10 Metals. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mareike C. Jahnke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstr. 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ramona M. C. Pichl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstr. 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstr. 30 48149 Münster Germany
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15
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Cabelof AC, Erny AM, Carta V, Pink M, Caulton KG. Anion metathesis and chlorination of late transition metal pincer complexes: Comparing Co, Rh and Zn. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Ghorbanpour M, Soltani B, Ziegler CJ, Jamshidi-Ghaleh K. Novel pyrazolate-bridged binuclear Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes: Synthesis, X‐ray crystal structure and nonlinear optical studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Clerc A, Marelli E, Adet N, Monot J, Martín-Vaca B, Bourissou D. Metal-ligand-Lewis acid multi-cooperative catalysis: a step forward in the Conia-ene reaction. Chem Sci 2020; 12:435-441. [PMID: 34163606 PMCID: PMC8178805 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An original multi-cooperative catalytic approach was developed by combining metal–ligand cooperation and Lewis acid activation. The [(SCS)Pd]2 complex featuring a non-innocent indenediide-based ligand was found to be a very efficient and versatile catalyst for the Conia-ene reaction, when associated with Mg(OTf)2. The reaction operates at low catalytic loadings under mild conditions with HFIP as a co-solvent. It works with a variety of substrates, including those bearing internal alkynes. It displays complete 5-exo vs. 6-endo regio-selectivity. In addition, except for the highly congested tBu-substituent, the reaction occurs with high Z vs. E stereo-selectivity, making it synthetically useful and complementary to known catalysts. An original multi-cooperative catalytic approach was developed by combining metal–ligand cooperation and Lewis acid activation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Clerc
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Enrico Marelli
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Nicolas Adet
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Julien Monot
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Blanca Martín-Vaca
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
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18
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Pandey P, Daw P, Din Reshi NU, Ehmann KR, Hölscher M, Leitner W, Bera JK. A Proton-Responsive Annulated Mesoionic Carbene (MIC) Scaffold on Ir Complex for Proton/Hydride Shuttle: An Experimental and Computational Investigation on Reductive Amination of Aldehyde. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Prosenjit Daw
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Noor U Din Reshi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Kira R. Ehmann
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Hölscher
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jitendra K. Bera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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19
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Li Y, Wan J, Liu Y. Annulation of Ketene Dithioacetals and Sulfonyl Hydrazines for the Synthesis of
N
‐Sulfonyl 5‐Alkylthiopyrazoles. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Jie‐Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
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20
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Aegurla B, Jarwal N, Peddinti RK. Denitrative imino-diaza-Nazarov cyclization: synthesis of pyrazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6100-6107. [PMID: 32785358 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01200a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An iodine-catalyzed denitrative imino-diaza-Nazarov cyclization (DIDAN) methodology has been developed for the synthesis of pyrazoles with high to excellent yields by using α-nitroacetophenone derivatives and in situ generated hydrazones. The key transformation of this oxidative 4π-electrocyclization proceeds through an enamine-iminium ion intermediate. This rapid one-pot DIDAN protocol results in the selective generation of C-C and C-N bonds and cleavage of a C-N bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishna Aegurla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Nisha Jarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Rama Krishna Peddinti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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21
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Martinez EE, Jensen CA, Larson AJS, Kenney KC, Clark KJ, Nazari SH, Valdivia‐Berroeta GA, Smith SJ, Ess DH, Michaelis DJ. Monosubstituted, Anionic Imidazolyl Ligands from N−H NHC Precursors and Their Activity in Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - Christopher A. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - Alexandra J. S. Larson
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - Karissa C. Kenney
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - Kyle J. Clark
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - S. Hadi Nazari
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | | | - Stacey J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
| | - David J. Michaelis
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBrigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 United States
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22
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Cabelof AC, Carta V, Chen CH, Caulton KG. Nitrogen oxyanion reduction by Co(ii) augmented by a proton responsive ligand: recruiting multiple metals. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7891-7896. [PMID: 32478346 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01298j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxygenation of nitrite oxygen with divalent cobalt was achieved using (PNNH)CoCl2, carrying a pyridyl pincer ligand with one P(t-Bu)2 arm and one pyrazole arm. Reaction of (PNNH)CoCl2 with NaNO2 at a 2 : 5 mole ratio promptly forms equimolar (PNNH)Co(NO2)3 and (PNN)Co(NO2)(NO), {CoNO}8 with the lost ligand proton combined with removed oxo as hydroxide. These two CoIII products are characterized, showing a bent CoNO unit as the fate of the reduced nitrogen. DFT calculations are consistent with two one-electron CoII reductants binding to one NO2- bridge, then proton transfer being needed for facile N/O bond scission. A species detected by low temperature execution of this reaction contains cobalt in two oxidation states with an N,O bridging nitro group and pincer ligands that have been deprotonated, showing the active participation of the proton responsive ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa C Cabelof
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA..
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA..
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA..
| | - Kenneth G Caulton
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47401, USA..
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23
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Toda T, Kuwata S. Central N-heterocyclic carbene moieties in protic pincer-type bis(pyrazole) ligands: Perturbation on steric and electronic properties of ruthenium center. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Barroso R, Cabal MP, Jiménez A, Valdés C. Cascade and multicomponent synthesis of structurally diverse 2-(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridines and polysubstituted pyrazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1629-1636. [PMID: 32037410 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02691f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cascade reaction between N-tosylhydrazones and 2-alkynylpyridines leads to 2-(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridines, important structural motifs in ligands for transition metals and bioactive molecules. When the reaction is conducted with 2,6-diethynylpyridine, the important 2,6-bis(pyrazolyl)pyridines are obtained, featuring the arrangement of tridentate and also pentadentate ligands. A novel three-component version of the reaction has been designed, which involves the use of α-bromo-N-tosylhydrazones, alkynylpyridines and NH-azoles. The generality of the multicomponent reaction is further illustrated by the preparation of different polysubstituted pyrazoles by employing an array of terminal alkynes. In these multicomponent reactions, complex molecules featuring three different heterocycles are assembled in a single step from commercial materials, enabling the fast generation of molecular diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Barroso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, c/ Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - María-Paz Cabal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, c/ Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Azucena Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, c/ Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Carlos Valdés
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Universidad de Oviedo, c/ Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
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25
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Tashima N, Ohta S, Kuwata S. Metal-ligand cooperative C-O bond cleavage of propargylic alcohol with protic pyrazole complexes of ruthenium. Faraday Discuss 2019; 220:364-375. [PMID: 31508637 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00040b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The C-O bond cleavage of a propargylic alcohol, 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylprop-2-yn-1-ol (3), by metal-ligand cooperation was investigated. The reactions of a naphthalene complex [CpRu(η6-C10H8)]PF6 (Cp = η5-C5H5) with 5-R-3-(pyrid-2-yl)pyrazoles (R-LH; R = Ph, CF3) in acetonitrile afforded the starting metal-ligand bifunctional ruthenium complexes [CpRu(R-LH)(MeCN)]PF6 (1a, R = Ph; 1b, R = CF3) featuring an N-N chelate protic pyrazole. The treatment of the CF3-substituted pyrazole complex 1b with 3 in 1,2-dichloroethane at 50 °C resulted in the formation of the η3-butadienyl complex 5. Meanwhile, the corresponding reaction of the phenylpyrazole complex 1a in 1,4-dioxane at 90 °C gave the N-allenylmethylpyrazole complex 6. The C-O and C-H bond cleavage of 3 in these reactions can be ascribed to the metal-ligand cooperation: initial formation of an η3-propargyl complex assisted by NHO hydrogen bonding and following C-H deprotonation by the neighboring pyrazolato ligand. On the other hand, in boiling methanol, the protic pyrazole complex 1a catalyzed the C-O bond cleavage of 3, which resulted in catalytic isomerization of 3 to an α,β-unsaturated enone, 3-methyl-1-phenylbut-2-en-1-one (8). The control experiments using non-protic and isocyanide ruthenium complexes indicated that both a labile nitrile ligand on the metal and the protic cooperating ligand are crucial for the catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Tashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.
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26
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Rong MK, Chirila A, Franciolus D, Lutz M, Nieger M, Ehlers AW, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Protic NHC Iridium Complexes with β-H Reactivity–Synthesis, Acetonitrile Insertion, and Oxidative Self-Activation. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark K. Rong
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Chirila
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Franciolus
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland Park 2006University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland Park 2006University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
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27
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Takamura T, Harada T, Furuta T, Ikariya T, Kuwata S. Half-Sandwich Iridium Complexes Bearing a Diprotic Glyoxime Ligand: Structural Diversity Induced by Reversible Deprotonation. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:72-78. [PMID: 31577045 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and deprotonation reactions of half-sandwich iridium complexes bearing a vicinal dioxime ligand were studied. Treatment of [{Cp*IrCl(μ-Cl)}2 ] (Cp*=η5 -C5 Me5 ) with dimethylglyoxime (LH2 ) at an Ir:LH2 ratio of 1:1 afforded the cationic dioxime iridium complex [Cp*IrCl(LH2 )]Cl (1). The chlorido complex 1 undergoes stepwise and reversible deprotonation with potassium carbonate to give the oxime-oximato complex [Cp*IrCl(LH)] (2) and the anionic dioximato(2-) complex K[Cp*IrCl(L)] (3) sequentially. Meanwhile, twofold deprotonation of the sulfato complex [Cp*Ir(SO4 )(LH2 )] (4) resulted in the formation of the oximato-bridged dinuclear complex [{Cp*Ir(μ-L)}2 ] (5). X-ray analyses disclosed their supramolecular structures with one-dimensional infinite chain (1 and 2), hexagonal open channels (3), and a tetrameric rhomboid (4) featuring multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishin Takamura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takuya Harada
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Furuta
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takao Ikariya
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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28
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Zhu J, Lindsay VNG. Benzimidazolyl Palladium Complexes as Highly Active and General Bifunctional Catalysts in Sustainable Cross-Coupling Reactions. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Vincent N. G. Lindsay
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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29
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Tan TTY, Hahn FE. Synthesis of Iridium(III) and Rhodium(III) Complexes Bearing C8-Metalated Theophylline Ligands by Directed C–H Activation. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Tsai Yuan Tan
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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30
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Tan TTY, Schick S, Hahn FE. Synthesis and Reactivity of IrIII Complexes Bearing C-Metalated Pyrazolato Ligands. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Tsai Yuan Tan
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schick
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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31
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Selective catalytic oxidation of aromatic substrates employing mononuclear copper(II) catalyst with H2O2. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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32
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Shaabani A, Nazeri MT, Afshari R. 5-Amino-pyrazoles: potent reagents in organic and medicinal synthesis. Mol Divers 2018; 23:751-807. [PMID: 30552550 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
5-Amino-pyrazoles have proven to be a class of fascinating and privileged organic tools for the construction of diverse heterocyclic or fused heterocyclic scaffolds. This review presents comprehensively the applications of 5-amino-pyrazoles as versatile synthetic building blocks in the synthesis of remarkable organic molecules with an emphasis on versatile functionalities. Following a brief introduction of synthesis methods, planning strategies to construct organic compounds, particularly diverse heterocyclic scaffolds, such as poly-substituted heterocyclic compounds and fused heterocyclic compounds via 5-amino-pyrazoles, have been summarized. Fused heterocycles are classified as bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic, and spiro-fused pyrazole derivatives. These outstanding compounds synthesized via wide variety of approaches include conventional reactions, one-pot multi-component reactions, cyclocondensation, cascade/tandem protocols, and coupling reactions. 5-Amino-pyrazoles represent a class of promising functional reagents, similar to the biologically active compounds, highlighted with diverse applications especially in the field of pharmaceutics and medicinal chemistry. Notably, this critical review covers the articles published from 1981 to 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shaabani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taghi Nazeri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Afshari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Dutta I, Yadav S, Sarbajna A, De S, Hölscher M, Leitner W, Bera JK. Double Dehydrogenation of Primary Amines to Nitriles by a Ruthenium Complex Featuring Pyrazole Functionality. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8662-8666. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sudhir Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Abir Sarbajna
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Subhabrata De
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Markus Hölscher
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jitendra K. Bera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Kuwata
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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35
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Kamitani M, Nishiguchi Y, Itazaki M, Nakazawa H. Dihydride Iron Complex Bearing a Silyl-Tethered Cyclopentadienyl Ligand. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kamitani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nishiguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masumi Itazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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36
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Nakahara Y, Toda T, Kuwata S. Iron and ruthenium complexes having a pincer-type ligand with two protic amidepyrazole arms: Structures and catalytic application. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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37
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Singh C, Prakasham AP, Gangwar MK, Butcher RJ, Ghosh P. One-Pot Tandem Hiyama Alkynylation/Cyclizations by Palladium(II) Acyclic Diaminocarbene (ADC) Complexes Yielding Biologically Relevant Benzofuran Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1740-1756. [PMID: 31458491 PMCID: PMC6641338 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of palladium acyclic diaminocarbene (ADC) complexes of the type cis-[(R1NH)(R2)methylidene]PdCl2(CNR1) [R1 = 2,4,6-(CH3)3C6H2: R2 = NC5H10 (2); NC4H8 (3); NC4H8O (4)] were used not only to perform the Csp2 -Csp Hiyama coupling between aryl iodide and triethoxysilylalkynes but also to subsequently carry out the one-pot tandem Hiyama alkynylation/cyclization reaction between 2-iodophenol and triethoxysilylalkynes, giving a convenient time-efficient access to the biologically relevant benzofuran compounds. The palladium ADC complexes (2-4) were conveniently synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of secondary amines, namely, piperidine, pyrrolidine, and morpholine on the cis-{(2,4,6-(CH3)3C6H2)NC}2PdCl2 in moderate yields (ca. 61-66%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - A. P. Prakasham
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gangwar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Raymond J. Butcher
- Department
of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington DC 20059, United States
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
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38
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Cook BJ, Chen CH, Pink M, Caulton KG. Dehydrohalogenation of proton responsive complexes: versatile aggregation via pyrazolate pincer ligand arms. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2052-2060. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The behavior of the complex (H2L)CoCl2, where H2L is a bis-(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine, towards Brønsted bases is studied, to evaluate peripheral NH deprotonation as a route to a dianionic pincer ligand on a d7 center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Cook
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
- Indiana University Molecular Structure Center
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
- Indiana University Molecular Structure Center
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39
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Liang Q, Liu NJ, Song D. Constructing reactive Fe and Co complexes from isolated picolyl-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9889-9896. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Fe(ii) and Co(ii) complexes prepared from the isolated free carbene form of the picolyl-NHC ligands display excellent catalytic activity towards the hydrosilylation of ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liang
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Nina Jiabao Liu
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Datong Song
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
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40
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Nakahara Y, Toda T, Matsunami A, Kayaki Y, Kuwata S. Protic NNN and NCN Pincer‐Type Ruthenium Complexes Featuring (Trifluoromethyl)pyrazole Arms: Synthesis and Application to Catalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Formic Acid. Chem Asian J 2017; 13:73-80. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Nakahara
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Tatsuro Toda
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Asuka Matsunami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara 252-5258 Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kayaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
- PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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41
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Suna Y, Himeda Y, Fujita E, Muckerman JT, Ertem MZ. Iridium Complexes with Proton-Responsive Azole-Type Ligands as Effective Catalysts for CO 2 Hydrogenation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4535-4543. [PMID: 28985455 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl iridium (Cp*Ir) complexes with bidentate ligands consisting of a pyridine ring and an electron-rich diazole ring were prepared. Their catalytic activity toward CO2 hydrogenation in 2.0 m KHCO3 aqueous solutions (pH 8.5) at 50 °C, under 1.0 MPa CO2 /H2 (1:1) have been reported as an alternative to photo- and electrochemical CO2 reduction. Bidentate ligands incorporating an electron-rich diazole ring improved the catalytic performance of the Ir complexes compared to the bipyridine ligand. Complexes 2, 4, and 6, possessing both a hydroxy group and an uncoordinated NH group, which are proton-responsive and capable of generating pendent bases in basic media, recorded high initial turnover frequency values of 1300, 1550, and 2000 h-1 , respectively. Spectroscopic and computational investigations revealed that the reversible deprotonation changes the electronic properties of the complexes and causes interactions between pendent base and substrate and/or solvent water molecules, resulting in high catalytic performance in basic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Suna
- Research Institute of Energy Frontier, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Himeda
- Research Institute of Energy Frontier, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - James T Muckerman
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - Mehmed Z Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
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42
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Liang Q, Song D. Reactivity of Fe and Ru Complexes of Picolyl-Substituted N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand: Diverse Coordination Modes and Small Molecule Binding. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11956-11970. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liang
- Davenport Chemical Research
Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Datong Song
- Davenport Chemical Research
Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
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43
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de Boer S, Korstanje TJ, La Rooij SR, Kox R, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI. Ruthenium PNN(O) Complexes: Cooperative Reactivity and Application as Catalysts for Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions. Organometallics 2017; 36:1541-1549. [PMID: 29353952 PMCID: PMC5770139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The novel tridentate PNNOH pincer ligand LH features a reactive 2-hydroxypyridine functionality as well as a bipyridyl-methylphosphine skeleton for meridional coordination. This proton-responsive ligand coordinates in a straightforward manner to RuCl(CO)(H)(PPh3)3 to generate complex 1. The methoxy-protected analogue LMe was also coordinated to Ru(II) for comparison. Both species have been crystallographically characterized. Site-selective deprotonation of the 2-hydroxypyridine functionality to give 1' was achieved using both mild (DBU) and strong bases (KOtBu and KHMDS), with no sign of involvement of the phosphinomethyl side arm that was previously established as the reactive fragment. Complex 1' is catalytically active in the dehydrogenation of formic acid to generate CO-free hydrogen in three consecutive runs as well as for the dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols, giving high conversions to different esters and outperforming structurally related PNN ligands lacking the NOH fragment. DFT calculations suggest more favorable release of H2 through reversible reactivity of the hydroxypyridine functionality relative to the phosphinomethyl side arm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra
Y. de Boer
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
& Bio-inspired Catalysis, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ties J. Korstanje
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
& Bio-inspired Catalysis, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan R. La Rooij
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
& Bio-inspired Catalysis, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Kox
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
& Bio-inspired Catalysis, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
& Bio-inspired Catalysis, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular
& Bio-inspired Catalysis, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Toda T, Saitoh K, Yoshinari A, Ikariya T, Kuwata S. Synthesis and Structures of NCN Pincer-Type Ruthenium and Iridium Complexes Bearing Protic Pyrazole Arms. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Toda
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Koki Saitoh
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshinari
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takao Ikariya
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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45
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Yamagishi H, Konuma H, Kuwata S. Stereoselective synthesis of chlorido–phosphine ruthenium complexes bearing a pyrazole-based protic tripodal amine ligand. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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46
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Thangavel S, Friedrich HB, Omondi B. Syntheses and structural investigations of new half sandwich Ir(III) and Rh(III) amine compounds and their catalytic transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones and aldehydes in water. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Kadri M, Hou J, Dorcet V, Roisnel T, Bechki L, Miloudi A, Bruneau C, Gramage-Doria R. Palladium-Catalysed Cross-Coupling Reactions Controlled by Noncovalent Zn⋅⋅⋅N Interactions. Chemistry 2017; 23:5033-5043. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kadri
- Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes Cedex France
- Département de Chimie; Université Kasdi Merbah d'Ouargla; 30000 Ouargla Algeria
- Ecole Nationale Polytechnique d'Oran; Laboratoire de Chimie Fine; Université d'Oran-1 Ahmed Ben Bella; 31100 Oran Algeria
| | - Jingran Hou
- Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- X-ray Diffraction Centre; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- X-ray Diffraction Centre; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Lazhar Bechki
- Département de Chimie; Université Kasdi Merbah d'Ouargla; 30000 Ouargla Algeria
| | - Abdellah Miloudi
- Ecole Nationale Polytechnique d'Oran; Laboratoire de Chimie Fine; Université d'Oran-1 Ahmed Ben Bella; 31100 Oran Algeria
| | - Christian Bruneau
- Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Rafael Gramage-Doria
- Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes Cedex France
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48
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Abstract
It is well-recognized that N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have provided a new dimension to the design of homogeneous catalysts. Part of the success of this type of ligands resides in the limitless access to a variety of topologies with tuned electronic properties, but also in the ability of a family of NHCs that are able to adapt their properties to the specific requirements of individual catalytic transformations. The term "smart" is used here to refer to switchable, multifunctional, adaptable, or tunable ligands and, in general, to all those ligands that are able to modify their steric or electronic properties to fulfill the requirements of a defined catalytic reaction. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively describe all types of smart NHC ligands by focusing attention on the catalytically relevant ligand-based reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials , Universitat Jaume I , Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat s/n , Castellón E-12071 , Spain
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49
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Toda T, Yoshinari A, Ikariya T, Kuwata S. Protic N-Heterocyclic Carbene Versus Pyrazole: Rigorous Comparison of Proton- and Electron-Donating Abilities in a Pincer-Type Framework. Chemistry 2016; 22:16675-16683. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Toda
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2 12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshinari
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2 12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Takao Ikariya
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2 12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Materials and Chemical Technology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2 12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
- PRESTO; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST); 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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50
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Oxidative addition of N-ether-functionalized 2-chlorobenzimidazole to d10 metals. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2016-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Reaction of 2-chloro-N-(methoxymethyl)benzimidazole 1 with zerovalent group 10 metal complexes in the presence of an additional proton source yielded, via an oxidative addition of the C2–Cl bond, complexes with a protic NH,NR-substituted (R=methoxymethyl) benzimidazolin-2-ylidene ligand. The oxidative addition of 1 to Ni0 and Pd0 complexes proceeded with the exclusive formation of the trans-configured complexes trans-[2]BF4 and trans-[3]BF4, respectively. Contrary to this observation, the reaction of 1 with a more substitution inert Pt0 complex leads, depending on the reaction temperature, to a mixture of cis-/trans-[4]BF4 or exclusively to trans-[4]BF4. The molecular structures of all three trans-configured complexes were determined.
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