1
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Yang M, Su K, Yuan D. Construction of stable porous organic cages: from the perspective of chemical bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39225058 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc04150j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) are constructed from purely organic synthons by covalent linkages with intrinsic cavities and have shown potential applications in many areas. However, the majority of POC synthesis methods reported thus far have relied on dynamically reversible imine linkages, which can be metastable and unstable under humid or harsh chemical conditions. This instability significantly hampers their research prospects and practical applications. Consequently, strategies to enhance the chemical stability of POCs by modifying imine bonds and developing robust covalent linkages are imperative for realizing the full potential of these materials. In this review, we aim to highlight recent advancements in synthesizing chemical-stable POCs through these approaches and their associated applications. Additionally, we propose further strategies for creating stable POCs and discuss future opportunities for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kongzhao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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2
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Ivanova S, Adamski P, Köster E, Schramm L, Fröhlich R, Beuerle F. Size Determination of Organic Cages by Diffusion NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2023:e202303318. [PMID: 37966964 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Reliable structure elucidation of covalent organic cage compounds remains challenging as routine analysis might leave ambiguities. Diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) allows insight into the molecular size and mass of the species present in solution, but a systematic evaluation of the diffusion behavior for cage assemblies is rarely considered. Here we report the synthesis of four series of covalent organic cages based on tribenzotriquinacenes and diboronic acids with varying geometry and exohedral substituents. We provide a guideline for the consistent measurement of diffusion coefficients from 1 H-DOSY NMR spectroscopy, which was utilized to study the diffusion behavior for the whole set of cages and selected examples from the literature. For structurally similar cages, a linear correlation between the solvodynamic volume and the molecular mass allows precise size determination. For more complex systems, multiple parameters, such as window size or rigid exohedral functionalization. further modulate cage diffusion in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ivanova
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Adamski
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva Köster
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Louis Schramm
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Fröhlich
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Beuerle
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Institut für Organische Chemie, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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3
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Vestrheim O, Schenkelberg ME, Dai Q, Schneebeli ST. Efficient Multigram Procedure for the Synthesis of Large Hydrazone-linked Molecular Cages. Org Chem Front 2023; 10:3965-3974. [PMID: 37906634 PMCID: PMC10600964 DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00480e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Covalently linked molecular cages can provide significant advantages (including, but not limited to enhanced thermal and chemical stability) over metal-linked coordination cages. Yet, while large coordination cages can now be created routinely, it is still challenging to create chemically robust, covalently linked molecular cages with large internal cavities. This fundamental challenge has made it difficult, for example, to introduce endohedral functional groups into covalent cages to enhance their practical utility (e.g., for selective guest recognition or catalysis), since the cavities would have simply been filled up with such endohedral functional groups in most cases. Here we now report the synthesis of some of the largest known covalently linked molecular tetrahedra. Our new covalent cages all contain 12 peripheral functional groups, which keep them soluble. They are formed from a common vertex, which aligns the hydrazide functions required for the hydrazone linkages with atropisomerism. While we previously reported this vertex as a building block for the smallest member of our hydrazone-linked tetrahedra, our original synthesis was not feasible to be carried out on the larger scales required to successfully access the larger tetrahedra. To overcome this synthetic challenge, we now present a greatly improved synthesis of our vertex, which only requires a single chromatographic step (compared to 3 chromatographic purification steps, which were needed for the initial synthesis). Our new synthetic route enabled us to create a whole family of molecular cages with increasing size (all linked with hydrolytically stable hydrazone bonds), with our largest covalent cage featuring p-quarterphenyl linkers and the ability to encapsulate a hypothetical sphere of approximately 3 nm in diameter. These results now open up the possibility to introduce functional groups required for selective recognition and catalysis into chemically robust covalent cages (without blocking the cavities of the covalent cages).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav Vestrheim
- Departments of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Mica E. Schenkelberg
- Departments of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Qingsheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- This paper describes experimental work performed by Qingsheng Dai but she is unaware that it has been submitted for publication as we have no contact details for her. Qingsheng Dai, therefore, does not take any responsibility for the submission
| | - Severin T. Schneebeli
- Departments of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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4
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Synthesis of Novel Cavitand Host Molecules via Palladium-Catalyzed Aryloxy- and Azidocarbonylation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238404. [PMID: 36500499 PMCID: PMC9738772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Novel, elongated, resorcine[4]arene-based cavitands were synthesized via various consecutive reaction steps, including homogeneous catalytic aryloxy- and azidocarbonylation processes. The effects of carbon monoxide pressure and temperature on the conversion were examined in aryloxycarbonylation. It was revealed that a reaction temperature of 100 °C is required to achieve complete conversion both with monodentate (PPh3) and bidentate (Xantphos) phosphines at different carbon monoxide pressures (1-40 bar). Using ten different phenols as O-nucleophiles, partial hydrolysis of the esters to the corresponding carboxylic acids took place-i.e., 58-90% chemoselectivities toward esters were obtained. Moreover, the influences of temperature, reaction time and the catalyst ratio on the selectivity and conversion were described in the case of azidocarbonylation reaction. The formation of the acyl azide with high chemoselevtivity can be achieved at room temperature only. The higher reaction temperatures (50 °C) and higher catalyst loadings favor the formation of the primary amide. The characterization of the target compounds (esters and acyl azides) was carried out by IR and 1H and 13C NMR. The discussion of the influences of various parameters is based on in situ NMR investigations.
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5
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Ziganshina AY, Mansurova EE, Antipin IS. Colloids Based on Calixresorcins for the Adsorption, Conversion, and Delivery of Bioactive Substances. COLLOID JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x22700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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6
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Wu Y, Zhang C, Fang S, Zhu D, Chen Y, Ge C, Tang H, Li H. A Self‐Assembled Cage Binding Iodide Anions over Other Halide Ions in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209078. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Dingsheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Chenqi Ge
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou 311215 P. R. China
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7
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Montà-González G, Sancenón F, Martínez-Máñez R, Martí-Centelles V. Purely Covalent Molecular Cages and Containers for Guest Encapsulation. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13636-13708. [PMID: 35867555 PMCID: PMC9413269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cage compounds offer unique binding pockets similar to enzyme-binding sites, which can be customized in terms of size, shape, and functional groups to point toward the cavity and many other parameters. Different synthetic strategies have been developed to create a toolkit of methods that allow preparing tailor-made organic cages for a number of distinct applications, such as gas separation, molecular recognition, molecular encapsulation, hosts for catalysis, etc. These examples show the versatility and high selectivity that can be achieved using cages, which is impossible by employing other molecular systems. This review explores the progress made in the field of fully organic molecular cages and containers by focusing on the properties of the cavity and their application to encapsulate guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Montà-González
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n 46022, Valencia, Spain,CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Centro
de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF
de Investigación de Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina,
Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, 46012 Valencia, Spain,Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria la Fe, Unidad Mixta de Investigación
en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat
Politènica de València, 46026 València, Spain,Departamento
de Química, Universitat Politècnica
de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n 46022, Valencia, Spain,CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Centro
de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF
de Investigación de Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina,
Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, 46012 Valencia, Spain,Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria la Fe, Unidad Mixta de Investigación
en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat
Politènica de València, 46026 València, Spain,Departamento
de Química, Universitat Politècnica
de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain,R.M.-M.: email,
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Camino de Vera, s/n 46022, Valencia, Spain,V.M.-C.:
email,
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8
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Wu Y, Zhang C, Fang S, Zhu D, Chen Y, Ge C, Tang H, Li H. A Self‐Assembled Cage Binding Iodide Anion over Halide Ions in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wu
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Shuai Fang
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Yixin Chen
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Chenqi Ge
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hua Tang
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hao Li
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityYuquan CampusNo.8 buildingroom 514 310027 Hangzhou CHINA
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9
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Chakraborty D, Mukherjee PS. Recent trends in organic cage synthesis: push towards water-soluble organic cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5558-5573. [PMID: 35420101 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01014c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Research on organic cages has blossomed over the past few years into a mature field of study which can contribute to solving some of the challenging problems. In this review we aim to showcase the recent trends in synthesis of organic cages including a brief discussion on their use in catalysis, gas sorption, host-guest chemistry and energy transfer. Among the organic cages, water-soluble analogues are a special class of compounds which have gained renewed attention in recent times. Due to their advantage of being compatible with water, such cages have the potential of showing biomimetic activities and can find use in drug delivery and also as hosts for catalysis in aqueous medium. Hence, the synthetic strategies for the formation of water-soluble organic cages shall be discussed along with their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debsena Chakraborty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
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10
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Yang M, Qiu F, M El-Sayed ES, Wang W, Du S, Su K, Yuan D. Water-stable hydrazone-linked porous organic cages. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13307-13315. [PMID: 34777749 PMCID: PMC8528071 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04531h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although porous organic cages (POCs), particularly imine-linked (C[double bond, length as m-dash]N) ones, have advanced significantly over the last few decades, the reversible nature of imine linkages makes them prone to hydrolysis and structural collapse, severely limiting their applications under moist or water conditions. Herein, seven water-stable hydrazone-linked (C[double bond, length as m-dash]N-N) POCs are prepared through a simple coupling of the same supramolecular tetraformylresorcin[4]arene cavitand with different dihydrazide linkers. Their structures are all determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, demonstrating rich structural diversity from the [2 + 4] lantern, [3 + 6] triangular prism, and unprecedented [4 + 8] square prism to the extra-large [6 + 12] octahedron. In addition, they respectively exhibit tunable window diameters and cavity volumes ranging from about 5.4 to 11.1 nm and 580 to 6800 Å3. Moreover, their application in the water environment for pollutant removal was explored, indicating that they can effectively eliminate various types of contaminants from water, including radionuclide waste, toxic heavy metal ions, and organic micropollutants. This work demonstrates a convenient method for rationally constructing versatile robust POCs and presents their great application potentialities in water medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Fenglei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - El-Sayed M El-Sayed
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.,Chemical Refining Laboratory, Refining Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Nasr City 11727 Egypt
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shunfu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Kongzhao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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11
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Ma W, He Y, Liu H. Olefin-linked Conjugated Porous Networks and Their Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution Performance. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21030121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Sharafi M, McKay KT, Ivancic M, McCarthy DR, Dudkina N, Murphy KE, Rajappan SC, Campbell JP, Shen Y, Badireddy AR, Li J, Schneebeli ST. Size-selective Catalytic Polymer Acylation with a Molecular Tetrahedron. Chem 2020; 6:1469-1494. [PMID: 32728651 PMCID: PMC7388586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Selective catalysis at the molecular level represents a cornerstone of chemical synthesis. However, it still remains an open question how to elevate tunable catalysis to larger length scales to functionalize whole polymer chains in a selective manner. We now report a hydrazone-linked tetrahedron with wide openings, which acts as a catalyst to size-selectively functionalize polydisperse polymer mixtures. Our experimental and computational evidence supports a dual role of the hydrazone-linked tetrahedron. To accelerate functionalization of the polymer substrates, the tetrahedron (i) unfolds the polymer substrates and/or breaks the polymer aggregates as well as (ii) enables target sites (amino groups) on the polymers to coordinate with catalytic units (triglyme) attached to the tetrahedron. With the tetrahedron as the catalyst, we find that the reactivity of the shorter polymers increases selectively. Our findings enable the possibility to engineer hydrolytically stable molecular polyhedra as organocatalysts for size-selective polymer modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sharafi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Kyle T McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Monika Ivancic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Dillon R McCarthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Natavan Dudkina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Kyle E Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Sinu C Rajappan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Joseph P Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Yuxiang Shen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Appala Raju Badireddy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Severin T Schneebeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Lead Contact
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13
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14
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Jiao T, Wu G, Zhang Y, Shen L, Lei Y, Wang C, Fahrenbach AC, Li H. Self‐Assembly in Water with N‐Substituted Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18350-18367. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Libo Shen
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Ye Lei
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Cai‐Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | | | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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15
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Wei Y, Feng Q, Liu H, Wang X, Lin D, Xie S, Yi M, Xie LH, Huang W. Organic Synthesis of Ancient Windmill-Like Window Nanogrid at Molecular Scale. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Quanyou Feng
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Dongqing Lin
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Songlin Xie
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Mingdong Yi
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Ling-Hai Xie
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE); Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU); 127 West Youyi Road 710072 Xi′an Shaanxi China
| | - Wei Huang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD); Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing P.R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE); Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU); 127 West Youyi Road 710072 Xi′an Shaanxi China
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16
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Drożdż W, Bouillon C, Kotras C, Richeter S, Barboiu M, Clément S, Stefankiewicz AR, Ulrich S. Generation of Multicomponent Molecular Cages using Simultaneous Dynamic Covalent Reactions. Chemistry 2017; 23:18010-18018. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Drożdż
- Faculty of Chemistry; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 89b 61-614 Poznań Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 89c, 6 1-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Camille Bouillon
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 240 Avenue du Professeur Emile Jeanbrau 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Clément Kotras
- Institut Charles Gerhardt (ICGM), UMR 5253; Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt (ICGM), UMR 5253; Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), UMR 5635; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group; Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt (ICGM), UMR 5253; Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Artur R. Stefankiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 89b 61-614 Poznań Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies; Adam Mickiewicz University; Umultowska 89c, 6 1-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Sébastien Ulrich
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 240 Avenue du Professeur Emile Jeanbrau 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
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17
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Bartolami E, Knoops J, Bessin Y, Fossépré M, Chamieh J, Dumy P, Surin M, Ulrich S. One-Pot Self-Assembly of Peptide-Based Cage-Type Nanostructures Using Orthogonal Ligations. Chemistry 2017; 23:14323-14331. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Bartolami
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 8 Rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
- Present address: Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérémie Knoops
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons-UMONS; 20, Place du Parc 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Yannick Bessin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 8 Rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Mathieu Fossépré
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons-UMONS; 20, Place du Parc 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Joseph Chamieh
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 8 Rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 8 Rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons-UMONS; 20, Place du Parc 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Sébastien Ulrich
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier; 8 Rue de l'Ecole Normale 34296 Montpellier cedex 5 France
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18
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Sigwalt D, Moncelet D, Falcinelli S, Mandadapu V, Zavalij PY, Day A, Briken V, Isaacs L. Acyclic Cucurbit[n]uril-Type Molecular Containers: Influence of Linker Length on Their Function as Solubilizing Agents. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:980-9. [PMID: 26990780 PMCID: PMC4861662 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Two acyclic cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n])-type molecular containers that differ in the length of the (CH2 )n linker (M2C2: n=2, M2C4: n=4) between their aromatic sidewalls and sulfonate solubilizing groups were prepared and studied. The inherent solubilities of M2C2 (68 mm) and M2C4 (196 mm) are higher than the analogue with a (CH2 )3 linker (M2, 14 mm) studied previously. (1) H NMR dilution experiments show that M2C2 and M2C4 do not self-associate in water, which enables their use as solubilizing excipients. We used phase solubility diagrams (PSDs) to compare the solubilizing capacities of M2, M2C2, M2C4, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) toward 15 insoluble drugs. We found that M2C2 and M2C4-as gauged by the slope of their PSDs-are less potent solubilizing agents than M2. However, the higher inherent solubility of M2C2 allows higher concentrations of drug to be formulated using M2C2 than with M2 in several cases. The solubilizing ability of M2C2 and SBE-β-CD were similar in many cases, with Krel values averaging 23 and 12, respectively, relative to HP-β-CD. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo maximum tolerated dose studies document the biocompatibility of M2C2.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sigwalt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Damien Moncelet
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shane Falcinelli
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Vijaybabu Mandadapu
- Department of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Canberra, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra,ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Peter Y Zavalij
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Anthony Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Canberra, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra,ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Volker Briken
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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19
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Xu CX, Zhang X, Zhou YW, Wang H, Cao Q, Shen Y, Ji LN, Mao ZW, Qin PZ. A Nitroxide-Tagged Platinum(II) Complex Enables the Identification of DNA G-Quadruplex Binding Mode. Chemistry 2016; 22:3405-3413. [PMID: 26845489 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We reported a novel strategy for investigating small molecule binding to G-quadruplexes (GQs). A newly synthesized dinuclear platinum(II) complex (Pt2L) containing a nitroxide radical was shown to selectively bind a GQ-forming sequence derived from human telomere (hTel). Using the nitroxide moiety as a spin label, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was carried out to investigate binding between Pt2L and hTel GQ. Measurements indicated that two molecules of Pt2L bind with one molecule of hTel GQ. The inter-spin distance measured between the two bound Pt2L, together with molecular docking analyses, revealed that Pt2L predominately binds to the neighboring narrow and wide grooves of the G-tetrads as hTel adopts the antiparallel conformation. The design and synthesis of nitroxide tagged GQ binders, and the use of spin-labeling/EPR to investigate their interactions with GQs, will aid the development of small molecules for manipulating GQs involved in crucial biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Xia Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, 90089 (USA)
| | - Yi-Wei Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Hanqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Yong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 (P.R. China)
| | - Peter Z Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, 90089 (USA)
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20
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Tzeli D, Petsalakis ID, Theodorakopoulos G, Rebek J. Reversible encapsulation in a covalent capsule. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Abstract
In the last decade diffusion NMR and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) have become important analytical tools for the characterization of supramolecular systems in solution. Diffusion NMR can be used to glean information on the (effective) size and shape of molecular species, as well as to probe inter-molecular interactions and can be used to estimate the association constant (Ka) of a complex. In addition, the diffusion coefficient, as obtained from diffusion NMR, is a much more intuitive parameter than the chemical shift for probing self-association, aggregation and inter-molecular interactions. The diffusion coefficient may be an even more important analytical parameter in systems in which the formed supramolecular entity has the same symmetry as its building units, when there is a large change in the molecular weight, where many molecular species are involved in the formation of the supramolecular systems, and when proton transfer may occur which, in turn, may affect the chemical shift. Some of the self-assembled molecular capsules and cages prepared in the last decade represent such supramolecular systems and in the present review, following a short introduction on diffusion NMR, we survey the contribution of diffusion NMR and DOSY in the field of molecular containers and capsules. We will first focus on the role played by diffusion NMR in the field of hydrogen bond driven self-assembled capsules. We then survey the contributions of diffusion NMR and DOSY to the study and characterization of metal-ligand cages and capsules. Finally, we describe a few recent applications of diffusion NMR in the field of hydrophobic, electrostatic and covalent containers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Avram
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Science, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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22
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Self assembled macrobicycle and tricycle cages containing pyrrole rings by dynamic covalent chemistry method. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Reinhard D, Schöttner L, Brosius V, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Synthesis ofpara-Aryl-Substituted Salicyldialdehydes. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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24
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Kobayashi K, Yamanaka M. Self-assembled capsules based on tetrafunctionalized calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:449-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00153b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hemispherical structures of calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands are suitable for forming capsular assemblies with guest encapsulations through various intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
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25
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Zhang B, Isaacs L. Acyclic cucurbit[n]uril-type molecular containers: influence of aromatic walls on their function as solubilizing excipients for insoluble drugs. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9554-63. [PMID: 25369565 PMCID: PMC4255735 DOI: 10.1021/jm501276u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We
studied the influence of the aromatic sidewalls on the ability
of acyclic CB[n]-type molecular containers (1a–1e) to act as solubilizing agents for
19 insoluble drugs including the developmental anticancer agent PBS-1086.
All five containers exhibit good water solubility and weak self-association
(Ks ≤ 624 M–1). We constructed phase solubility diagrams to extract Krel and Ka values for the
container·drug complexes. The acyclic CB[n]-type
containers generally display significantly higher Ka values than HP-β-CD toward drugs. Containers 1a–1e bind the steroidal ring system and
aromatic moieties of insoluble drugs. Compound 1b displays
highest affinity toward most of the drugs studied. Containers 1a and 1b are broadly applicable and can be used
to formulate a wider variety of insoluble drugs than was previously
possible with cyclodextrin technology. For drugs that are solubilized
by both HP-β-CD and 1a–1e,
lower concentrations of 1a–1e are
required to achieve identical [drug].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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26
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Elbert SM, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Synthesis of a rigid C3v -symmetric tris-salicylaldehyde as a precursor for a highly porous molecular cube. Chemistry 2014; 20:16707-20. [PMID: 25335967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The development of a synthetic approach to a C3v -symmetric tris-salicylaldehyde based on triptycene is presented. The tris-salicylaldehyde is a versatile precursor for porous molecular materials, as demonstrated in the [4+4] condensation reaction with a triptycene triamine to form a molecular shape-persistent porous cube. The amorphous material of the molecular porous cube shows a very high surface area of 1014 m(2) g(-1) (BET model) and a high uptake of CO2 (18.2 wt % at 273 K and 1 bar). Furthermore, during the multistep synthesis of the tris-salicylaldehyde precursor, a relatively rare (twofold) addition of the aryne to the anthracene in the 1,4- and 1,4,5,8-positions have been found during a Diels-Alder reaction, as proven by X-ray structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven M Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
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27
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Matache M, Bogdan E, Hădade ND. Selective Host Molecules Obtained by Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry. Chemistry 2014; 20:2106-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Jiao Y, Wang J, Wu P, Zhao L, He C, Zhang J, Duan C. Cerium-based M4L4 tetrahedra as molecular flasks for selective reaction prompting and luminescent reaction tracing. Chemistry 2014; 20:2224-31. [PMID: 24449406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The application of metal-organic polyhedra as "molecular flasks" has precipitated a surge of interest in the reactivity and property of molecules within well-defined spaces. Inspired by the structures of the natural enzymatic pockets, three metal-organic neutral molecular tetrahedral, Ce-TTS, Ce-TNS and Ce-TBS (H6TTS: N',N'',N'''-nitrilotris-4,4',4''-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-benzohydrazide; H6TNS: N',N'',N'''-nitrilotris-6,6',6''-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-naphthohydrazide; H6TBS: 1,3,5-phenyltris-4,4',4''-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide), which exhibit different size of the edges and cavities, were achieved through self-assembly by incorporating robust amide-containing tridentate chelating sites into the fragments of the ligands. They acted as molecular flasks to prompt the cyanosilylation of aldehydes with excellent selectivity towards the substrates size. The amide groups worked as trigger sites and catalytic driven forces to achieve efficient guest interactions, enforcing the substrates proximity within the cavity. Experiments on catalysts with the different cavity radii and substrates with the different molecular size demonstrated that the catalytic performance exhibited enzymatical catalytic mechanism and occurred in the molecular flask. These amides were also able to amplify guest-bonding events into the measurable outputs for the detection of concentration variations of the substrates, providing the possibility for metal-organic hosts to work as smart molecular flasks for the luminescent tracing of catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian,116024 (China)
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29
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Asadi A, Ajami D, Rebek J. Extended covalent containers: synthesis and guest encapsulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:533-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47034b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Ajami
- Department of Chemistry, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA92037, USA
| | - Julius Rebek
- Department of Chemistry, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA92037, USA
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31
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Abstract
This Account is about coaxing molecules into spaces barely big enough to contain them: encapsulation complexes. In capsules, synthetic modules assemble to fold around their molecular targets, isolate them from the medium for relatively long times, place them in a hydrophobic environment, and present them with functional groups. These arrangements also exist in the interior spaces of biology, and the consequences include the familiar features of enzymes: rapid reactions, stabilization of reactive intermediates, and catalysis. But inside capsules there are phenomena unknown to biology or historical chemistry, including new structures, new stereochemical relationships, and new reaction pathways. In encapsulation complexes, as in architecture, the space that is created by a structure determines what goes on inside. There are constant interactions between the container and contained molecules: encounters are not left to chance; they are prearranged, prolonged, and intense. Unlike architecture, these reversibly formed containers emerge only when a suitable guest is present. The components exist, but they cannot assemble without anything inside. Modifications of the capsule components give rise to the results of the present Account. The focus will be on how seemingly small changes in the encapsulation complexes, exchanging a C═S for a C═O, reducing an angle here and there, or replacing a hydrogen with a methyl, can lead to unexpectedly large differences in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Ajami
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California
| | - Julius Rebek
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California
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32
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Yamanaka M, Kobayashi K. Capsular Assemblies of Calix[4]resorcinarene-based Cavitands. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201200175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Puchnin K, Cheshkov D, Zaikin P, Vatsouro I, Kovalev V. Tuning conformations of calix[4]tubes by weak intramolecular interactions. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj40961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Grunder S, Valente C, Whalley AC, Sampath S, Portmann J, Botros YY, Stoddart JF. Molecular Gauge Blocks for Building on the Nanoscale. Chemistry 2012; 18:15632-49. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Lin Z, Sun J, Efremovska B, Warmuth R. Assembly of Water-Soluble, Dynamic, Covalent Container Molecules and Their Application in the Room-Temperature Stabilization of Protoadamantene. Chemistry 2012; 18:12864-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Kovaříček P, Lehn JM. Merging Constitutional and Motional Covalent Dynamics in Reversible Imine Formation and Exchange Processes. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9446-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302793c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kovaříček
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg 67000, France
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38
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Schneider MW, Oppel IM, Mastalerz M. Exo-functionalized shape-persistent [2+3] cage compounds: influence of molecular rigidity on formation and permanent porosity. Chemistry 2012; 18:4156-60. [PMID: 22392640 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus W Schneider
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II & Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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39
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Schneider MW, Oppel IM, Ott H, Lechner LG, Hauswald HJS, Stoll R, Mastalerz M. Periphery-Substituted [4+6] Salicylbisimine Cage Compounds with Exceptionally High Surface Areas: Influence of the Molecular Structure on Nitrogen Sorption Properties. Chemistry 2011; 18:836-47. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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40
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