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Zheng S, Zhang Z, He S, Yang H, Atia H, Abdel-Mageed AM, Wohlrab S, Baráth E, Tin S, Heeres HJ, Deuss PJ, de Vries JG. Benzenoid Aromatics from Renewable Resources. Chem Rev 2024; 124:10701-10876. [PMID: 39288258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
In this Review, all known chemical methods for the conversion of renewable resources into benzenoid aromatics are summarized. The raw materials that were taken into consideration are CO2; lignocellulose and its constituents cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin; carbohydrates, mostly glucose, fructose, and xylose; chitin; fats and oils; terpenes; and materials that are easily obtained via fermentation, such as biogas, bioethanol, acetone, and many more. There are roughly two directions. One much used method is catalytic fast pyrolysis carried out at high temperatures (between 300 and 700 °C depending on the raw material), which leads to the formation of biochar; gases, such as CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; and an oil which is a mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly aromatics. The carbon selectivities of this method can be reasonably high when defined small molecules such as methanol or hexane are used but are rather low when highly oxygenated compounds such as lignocellulose are used. The other direction is largely based on the multistep conversion of platform chemicals obtained from lignocellulose, cellulose, or sugars and a limited number of fats and terpenes. Much research has focused on furan compounds such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and 5-chloromethylfurfural. The conversion of lignocellulose to xylene via 5-chloromethylfurfural and dimethylfuran has led to the construction of two large-scale plants, one of which has been operational since 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zheng
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 102249 Beijing, China
| | - Songbo He
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Circular Carbon, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Huaizhou Yang
- Green Chemical Reaction Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanan Atia
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ali M Abdel-Mageed
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wohlrab
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Eszter Baráth
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sergey Tin
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hero J Heeres
- Green Chemical Reaction Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Deuss
- Green Chemical Reaction Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G de Vries
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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2
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van der Loo CHM, Schim van der Loeff R, Martín A, Gomez-Sal P, Borst MLG, Pouwer K, Minnaard AJ. π-Facial selectivity in the Diels-Alder reaction of glucosamine-based chiral furans and maleimides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1888-1894. [PMID: 36607338 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Furans derived from carbohydrate feedstocks are a versatile class of bio-renewable building blocks and have been used extensively to access 7-oxanorbornenes via Diels-Alder reactions. Due to their substitution patterns these furans typically have two different π-faces and therefore furnish racemates in [4 + 2]-cycloadditions. We report the use of an enantiopure glucosamine derived furan that under kinetic conditions predominantly affords the exo-product with a high π-face selectivity of 6.5 : 1. The structure of the product has been resolved unequivocally by X-ray crystallography, and a multi-gram synthesis (2.8 g, 58% yield) confirms the facile accessibility of this multifunctional enantiopure building block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis H M van der Loo
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rutger Schim van der Loeff
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Avelino Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andres M. Del Rio" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gomez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andres M. Del Rio" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark L G Borst
- Symeres B.V., Kadijk 3, 9747 AT Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Pouwer
- Symeres B.V., Kadijk 3, 9747 AT Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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3
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Synthesis and characterization of novel potentially biodegradable aromatic polyesters consisting of divanillic acids with free phenolic hydroxyl groups. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Galadima A, Masudi A, Muraza O. Towards Extraordinary Catalysts for Aromatization of Biomass and Low-Cost C5 Streams. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-022-09364-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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5
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Cioc RC, Crockatt M, van der Waal JC, Bruijnincx PCA. The Interplay between Kinetics and Thermodynamics in Furan Diels-Alder Chemistry for Sustainable Chemicals Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114720. [PMID: 35014138 PMCID: PMC9304315 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived furanic platform molecules have emerged as promising building blocks for renewable chemicals and functional materials. To this aim, the Diels-Alder (DA) cycloaddition stands out as a versatile strategy to convert these renewable resources in highly atom-efficient ways. Despite nearly a century worth of examples of furan DA chemistry, clear structure-reactivity-stability relationships are still to be established. Detailed understanding of the intricate interplay between kinetics and thermodynamics in these very particular [4+2] cycloadditions is essential to push further development and truly expand the scope beyond the ubiquitous addend combinations of electron-rich furans and electron-deficient olefins. Herein, we provide pertinent examples of DA chemistry, taken from various fields, to highlight trends, establish correlations and answer open questions in the field with the aim to support future efforts in the sustainable chemicals and materials production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Răzvan C. Cioc
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marc Crockatt
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNOLeeghwaterstraat 442628CADelftThe Netherlands
| | - Jan C. van der Waal
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNOLeeghwaterstraat 442628CADelftThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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6
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Abstract
Large-scale worldwide production of plastics requires the use of large quantities of fossil fuels, leading to a negative impact on the environment. If the production of plastic continues to increase at the current rate, the industry will account for one fifth of global oil use by 2050. Bioplastics currently represent less than one percent of total plastic produced, but they are expected to increase in the coming years, due to rising demand. The usage of bioplastics would allow the dependence on fossil fuels to be reduced and could represent an opportunity to add some interesting functionalities to the materials. Moreover, the plastics derived from bio-based resources are more carbon-neutral and their manufacture generates a lower amount of greenhouse gasses. The substitution of conventional plastic with renewable plastic will therefore promote a more sustainable economy, society, and environment. Consequently, more and more studies have been focusing on the production of interesting bio-based building blocks for bioplastics. However, a coherent review of the contribution of fermentation technology to a more sustainable plastic production is yet to be carried out. Here, we present the recent advancement in bioplastic production and describe the possible integration of bio-based monomers as renewable precursors. Representative examples of both published and commercial fermentation processes are discussed.
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7
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Cioc R, Crockatt M, Van der Waal JC, Bruijnincx P. The Interplay between Kinetics and Thermodynamics in Furan Diels‐Alder Chemistry for Sustainable Chemicals Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Cioc
- Utrecht University: Universiteit Utrecht Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Marc Crockatt
- TNO Sustainable Process and Energy Systems NETHERLANDS
| | | | - Pieter Bruijnincx
- Utrecht University Chemistry Universiteitsweg99Netherlands 3584 CG Utrecht NETHERLANDS
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8
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Li Z, Jiang Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Li H, Yang S. Advances in Diels-Alder/aromatization of biomass furan derivatives towards renewable aromatic hydrocarbons. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effective upgrading of renewable resources into high value-added chemicals is of great significance to achieve the sustainable economic development, as well as the implementation of carbon neutral technologies practically....
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9
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Averochkin GM, Gordeev EG, Skorobogatko MK, Kucherov FA, Ananikov VP. Systematic Study of Aromatic-Ring-Targeted Cycloadditions of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Platform Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3110-3123. [PMID: 34060725 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The reaction space of the furanics-to-aromatics (F2A) conversion process for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)-based platform chemicals has been explored both experimentally and by quantum chemistry methods. For the first time, a structure-activity relationship was established in furan-yne cycloaddition for a number of different HMF derivatives. Correlations between the activation energy of the cycloaddition stage and the structure of the substrates were established by molecular modeling methods. Analysis of the concerted and stepwise mechanisms of cycloaddition in the singlet and triplet electronic states of the molecular system was carried out. A series of biobased 7-oxanorbornadienes was obtained in the reaction with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Various methods of aromatization of the obtained [4+2] adducts have been examined. Rearrangement catalyzed by a Lewis acid leads to the formation of a phenol derivative, whereas reduction by diiron nonacarbonyl leads to the formation of functionalized benzene. Systematic study of the cycloaddition process has revealed a simple way to analyze and predict the relative reactivity of furanic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb M Averochkin
- Laboratory of Metal-Complex and Nanoscale Catalysts, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Gordeev
- Laboratory of Metal-Complex and Nanoscale Catalysts, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Matvei K Skorobogatko
- Laboratory of Metal-Complex and Nanoscale Catalysts, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Fedor A Kucherov
- Laboratory of Metal-Complex and Nanoscale Catalysts, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Laboratory of Metal-Complex and Nanoscale Catalysts, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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10
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Ravasco JMJM, Gomes RFA. Recent Advances on Diels-Alder-Driven Preparation of Bio-Based Aromatics. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3047-3053. [PMID: 34058082 PMCID: PMC8453924 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of high value-added chemicals from renewable resources is a crucial approach towards a sustainable economy. One prominent alternative to the production of petroleum-based chemicals from fossil resources is through the sequential Diels-Alder/aromatization reactions of biomass-derived furan platforms. This Concept is focused on the recent boom in bio-based furan DA strategies for aromatization of bio-based platform chemicals, particularly that of furfurals, ranging from indirect use and activation strategies to recent examples of direct DA reaction of these electron-withdrawing biomass-derived furans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao M. J. M. Ravasco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LisbonAvenida Professor Gama Pinto1649-003LisbonPortugal
| | - Rafael F. A. Gomes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LisbonAvenida Professor Gama Pinto1649-003LisbonPortugal
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11
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Wang P, Zhang B. Sustainable aromatic polyesters with 1,5-disubstituted indole units. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16480-16489. [PMID: 35479171 PMCID: PMC9031847 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02197d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims to unravel the impact of disubstitution patterns on the physical properties and processing characteristics of indole-based aromatic polyesters. A series of hydroxyl-carboxylate (AB-type) monomers with 1,5-disubstituted indole and 3-6 methylene units was conveniently synthesized and used in bulk polycondensation to yield the corresponding polyesters with decent molecular weight. These new monomers and polyesters showed enhanced thermal stability compared to the previously reported monomers and polyesters with a 1,3-disubstituted indole structure. According to DSC results, these polyesters showed tunable glass transition temperatures (T g ∼57-80 °C), depending on the length of the aliphatic methylene units. DSC and WAXD measurements revealed that these polymers did not crystalize from melt, but the ones with 3 or 5 methylene units per repeating unit crystalized from solution. Finally, we demonstrated that the new polyesters with 1,5-disubstituted indole units could be crosslinked using sustainable aromatic aldehyde, which could further enhance their thermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Centre of Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University P.O. Box 124 SE-22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Centre of Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University P.O. Box 124 SE-22100 Lund Sweden
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12
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Wan Y, Lee JM. Toward Value-Added Dicarboxylic Acids from Biomass Derivatives via Thermocatalytic Conversion. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nangyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nangyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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13
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van Scodeller I, De Oliveira Vigier K, Muller E, Ma C, Guégan F, Wischert R, Jérôme F. A Combined Experimental-Theoretical Study on Diels-Alder Reaction with Bio-Based Furfural: Towards Renewable Aromatics. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:313-323. [PMID: 33022869 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of relevant renewable aromatics from bio-based furfural derivatives and cheap alkenes is carried out by using a Diels-Alder/aromatization sequence. The prediction and the control of the ortho/meta selectivity in the Diels-Alder step is an important issue to pave the way to a wide range of renewable aromatics, but it remains a challenging task. A combined experimental-theoretical approach reveals that, as a general trend, ortho and meta cycloadducts are the kinetic and thermodynamic products, respectively. The nature of substituents, both on the dienes and dienophiles, significantly impacts the feasibility of the reaction, through a modulation on the nucleo- and electrophilicity of the reagents, as well as the ortho/meta ratio. We show that the ortho/meta selectivity at the reaction equilibrium stems from a subtle interplay between charge interactions, favoring the ortho products, and steric interactions, favoring the meta isomers. This work also points towards a path to optimize the aromatization step.
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Affiliation(s)
- I van Scodeller
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073, Poitiers, France
| | - Karine De Oliveira Vigier
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073, Poitiers, France
| | - Eric Muller
- Centre de Recherche Solvay, 85 Avenue des Frères Perret, 69190, Saint-Fons, France
| | - Changru Ma
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory, UMI 3464 CNRS/Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xinzhuang, Industrial Zone, Shanghai, 201108, P. R. China
| | - Frédéric Guégan
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073, Poitiers, France
| | - Raphael Wischert
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory, UMI 3464 CNRS/Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xinzhuang, Industrial Zone, Shanghai, 201108, P. R. China
| | - François Jérôme
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073, Poitiers, France
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14
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Gabirondo E, Melendez-Rodriguez B, Arnal C, Lagaron JM, Martínez de Ilarduya A, Sardon H, Torres-Giner S. Organocatalyzed closed-loop chemical recycling of thermo-compressed films of poly(ethylene furanoate). Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01623c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) films were first produced using thermo-compression. Thereafter, the chemical recyclability was demonstrated in the presence of a thermally stable organocatalyst followed by its repolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gabirondo
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- Institute for Polymer Materials (POLYMAT)
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- 20018 Donostia
| | - Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA)
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA)
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Jose M. Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA)
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Antxon Martínez de Ilarduya
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering (ETSEIB)
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- Institute for Polymer Materials (POLYMAT)
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- 20018 Donostia
| | - Sergio Torres-Giner
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA)
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Valencia
- Spain
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15
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Gulbinski J, Ren L, Vattipalli V, Chen H, Delaney J, Bai P, Dauenhauer P, Tsapatsis M, Abdelrahman OA, Fan W. Role of Silica Support in Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Production of p-Xylene from 2,5-Dimethylfuran and Ethylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Gulbinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Limin Ren
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vivek Vattipalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Huiyong Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shanxi 710069, China
| | - Jonathan Delaney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
| | - Paul Dauenhauer
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael Tsapatsis
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Institute for NanoBiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, United States
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy—Energy Frontier Research Center, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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16
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Lancefield CS, Fölker B, Cioc RC, Stanciakova K, Bulo RE, Lutz M, Crockatt M, Bruijnincx PCA. Dynamic Trapping as a Selective Route to Renewable Phthalide from Biomass-Derived Furfuryl Alcohol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23480-23484. [PMID: 32885556 PMCID: PMC7756257 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel route for the production of the versatile chemical building block phthalide from biorenewable furfuryl alcohol and acrylate esters is presented. Two challenges that limit sustainable aromatics production via Diels-Alder (DA) aromatisation-an unfavourable equilibrium position and undesired regioselectivity when using asymmetric addends-were addressed using a dynamic kinetic trapping strategy. Activated acrylates were used to speed up the forward and reverse DA reactions, allowing for one of the four DA adducts to undergo a selective intramolecular lactonisation reaction in the presence of a weak base. The adduct is removed from the equilibrium pool, pulling the system completely to the product with a fixed, desired regiochemistry. A single 1,2-regioisomeric lactone product was formed in up to 86 % yield and the acrylate activating agent liberated for reuse. The lactone was aromatised to give phthalide in almost quantitative yield in the presence of Ac2 O and a catalytic amount of strong acid, or in 79 % using only catalytic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Lancefield
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bart Fölker
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Razvan C. Cioc
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Katarina Stanciakova
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rosa E. Bulo
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marc Crockatt
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy SystemsTNOLeeghwaterstraat 442628 CADelftThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Organic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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17
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Lancefield CS, Fölker B, Cioc RC, Stanciakova K, Bulo RE, Lutz M, Crockatt M, Bruijnincx PCA. Dynamic Trapping as a Selective Route to Renewable Phthalide from Biomass‐Derived Furfuryl Alcohol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Lancefield
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bart Fölker
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Razvan C. Cioc
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Katarina Stanciakova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Rosa E. Bulo
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marc Crockatt
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems TNO Leeghwaterstraat 44 2628 CA Delft The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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18
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Pellis A, Malinconico M, Guarneri A, Gardossi L. Renewable polymers and plastics: Performance beyond the green. N Biotechnol 2020; 60:146-158. [PMID: 33068793 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Renewable bio-based polymers are one of the effective answers that the bioeconomy offers to solve the environmental emergency connected to plastics and more specifically fossil-based plastics. Previous studies have shown that more than 70 % of the natural capital cost associated with plastic derives from the extraction and processing of fossil raw materials and that the price of fossil plastic would be on average 44 % higher if such impact was fully paid by businesses. The disclosure of the hidden costs of plastics will contribute to dispelling the myth of the expensiveness of renewable polymers. Nevertheless, the adoption of bio-based plastics in the market must be motivated by their functional properties and not merely by their green credentials. This article highlights some successful examples of synergies between chemistry and biotechnology in achieving a new generation of bio-based monomers and polymers. Their success is justified by the combination of scientific advances with positive environmental and social fallouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pellis
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Mario Malinconico
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Alice Guarneri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Gardossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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19
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Sun Z, Cheng J, Wang D, Yuan TQ, Song G, Barta K. Downstream Processing Strategies for Lignin-First Biorefinery. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5199-5212. [PMID: 32748524 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The lignin-first strategy has emerged as one of the most powerful approaches for generating novel platform chemicals from lignin by efficient depolymerization of native lignin. Because of the emergence of this novel depolymerization method and the definition of viable platform chemicals, future focus will soon shift towards innovative downstream processing strategies. Very recently, many interesting approaches have emerged that describe the production of valuable products across the whole value chain, including bulk and fine chemical building blocks, and several concrete examples have been developed for the production of polymers, pharmaceutically relevant compounds, or fuels. This Minireview provides an overview of these recent advances. After a short summary of catalytic systems for obtaining aromatic monomers, a comprehensive discussion on their separation and applications is given. This Minireview will fill the gap in biorefinery between deriving high yields of lignin monomers and tapping into their potential for making valuable consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohua Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jinling Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and the Key Laboratory of Atomic & Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Key Laboratory of Atomic & Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Guoyong Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Katalin Barta
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 TC, Groningen (The, Netherlands
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20
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Khan TS, Gupta S, Ahmad M, Alam MI, Haider MA. Effect of substituents and promoters on the Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction in the biorenewable synthesis of trimellitic acid. RSC Adv 2020; 10:30656-30670. [PMID: 35516025 PMCID: PMC9056362 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04318d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient route to produce oxanorbornene, a precursor for the production of bio-based trimellitic acid (TMLA) via the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction of biomass-derived dienes and dienophiles has been proposed by utilizing density functional theory (DFT) simulations. It has been suggested that DA reaction of dienes such as 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and biomass-derived dienophiles (ethylene derivatives e.g., acrolein, acrylic acid, etc.) leads to the formation of an intermediate product oxanorbornene, a precursor for the production of TMLA. The activation barriers for the DA reaction were correlated to the type of substituent present on the dienes and dienophiles. Among the dienophiles, acrolein was found to be the best candidate showing a low activation energy (<40 kJ mol-1) for the cycloaddition reaction with dienes DMF, HMF and hydroxy methyl furoic acid (HMFA). The FMO gap and (IPdiene + EAdienophile)/2 were both suggested to be suitable descriptors for the DA reaction of electron-rich diene and electron-deficient dienophile. Further solvents did not have a significant effect on the activation barrier for DA reaction. In contrast, the presence of a Lewis acid was seen to lower the activation barrier due to the reduction in the FMO gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Suvra Khan
- Nanocatalysis Area, Light Stock Processing Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun 248005 Uttarakhand India +91-135-2525915
| | - Shelaka Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Sangareddy 502205 India
| | - Maaz Ahmad
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas Delhi 110016 India +91-11-2658-2037 +91-11-26591016
| | - Md Imteyaz Alam
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas Delhi 110016 India +91-11-2658-2037 +91-11-26591016
| | - M Ali Haider
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas Delhi 110016 India +91-11-2658-2037 +91-11-26591016
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21
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Siracusa V, Blanco I. Bio-Polyethylene (Bio-PE), Bio-Polypropylene (Bio-PP) and Bio-Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Bio-PET): Recent Developments in Bio-Based Polymers Analogous to Petroleum-Derived Ones for Packaging and Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020. [PMID: 32718011 PMCID: PMC7465145 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081641;] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent year, there has been increasing concern about the growing amount of plastic waste coming from daily life. Different kinds of synthetic plastics are currently used for an extensive range of needs, but in order to reduce the impact of petroleum-based plastics and material waste, considerable attention has been focused on "green" plastics. In this paper, we present a broad review on the advances in the research and development of bio-based polymers analogous to petroleum-derived ones. The main interest for the development of bio-based materials is the strong public concern about waste, pollution and carbon footprint. The sustainability of those polymers, for general and specific applications, is driven by the great progress in the processing technologies that refine biomass feedstocks in order to obtain bio-based monomers that are used as building blocks. At the same time, thanks to the industrial progress, it is possible to obtain more versatile and specific chemical structures in order to synthetize polymers with ad-hoc tailored properties and functionalities, with engineering applications that include packaging but also durable and electronic goods. In particular, three types of polymers were described in this review: Bio-polyethylene (Bio-PE), bio-polypropylene (Bio-PP) and Bio-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Bio-PET). The recent advances in their development in terms of processing technologies, product development and applications, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science (DSC), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania (CT), Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3387275526
| | - Ignazio Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania an UdR-Catania Consorzio INSTM, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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22
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Siracusa V, Blanco I. Bio-Polyethylene (Bio-PE), Bio-Polypropylene (Bio-PP) and Bio-Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Bio-PET): Recent Developments in Bio-Based Polymers Analogous to Petroleum-Derived Ones for Packaging and Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1641. [PMID: 32718011 PMCID: PMC7465145 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent year, there has been increasing concern about the growing amount of plastic waste coming from daily life. Different kinds of synthetic plastics are currently used for an extensive range of needs, but in order to reduce the impact of petroleum-based plastics and material waste, considerable attention has been focused on "green" plastics. In this paper, we present a broad review on the advances in the research and development of bio-based polymers analogous to petroleum-derived ones. The main interest for the development of bio-based materials is the strong public concern about waste, pollution and carbon footprint. The sustainability of those polymers, for general and specific applications, is driven by the great progress in the processing technologies that refine biomass feedstocks in order to obtain bio-based monomers that are used as building blocks. At the same time, thanks to the industrial progress, it is possible to obtain more versatile and specific chemical structures in order to synthetize polymers with ad-hoc tailored properties and functionalities, with engineering applications that include packaging but also durable and electronic goods. In particular, three types of polymers were described in this review: Bio-polyethylene (Bio-PE), bio-polypropylene (Bio-PP) and Bio-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Bio-PET). The recent advances in their development in terms of processing technologies, product development and applications, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science (DSC), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania (CT), Italy
| | - Ignazio Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania an UdR-Catania Consorzio INSTM, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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23
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Iglesias J, Martínez-Salazar I, Maireles-Torres P, Martin Alonso D, Mariscal R, López Granados M. Advances in catalytic routes for the production of carboxylic acids from biomass: a step forward for sustainable polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5704-5771. [PMID: 32658221 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00177e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Polymers are ubiquitously present in our daily life because they can meet a wide range of needs and fields of applications. This success, based on an irresponsible linear consumption of plastics and the access to cheap oil, is creating serious environmental problems. Two lines of actions are needed to cope with them: to adopt a circular consumption of plastics and to produce renewable carbon-neutral monomers. This review analyses the recent advances in the chemocatalytic processes for producing biomass-derived carboxylic acids. These renewable carboxylic acids are involved in the synthesis of relevant general purpose and specialty polyesters and polyamides; some of them are currently derived from oil, while others can become surrogates of petrochemical polymers due to their excellent performance properties. Polyesters and polyamides are very suitable to be depolymerised to other valuable chemicals or to their constituent monomers, what facilitates the circular reutilisation of these monomers. Different types of carboxylic acids have been included in this review: monocarboxylic acids (like glycolic, lactic, hydroxypropanoic, methyl vinyl glycolic, methyl-4-methoxy-2-hydroxybutanoic, 2,5-dihydroxypent-3-enoic, 2,5,6-trihydroxyhex-3-enoic acids, diphenolic, acrylic and δ-amino levulinic acids), dicarboxylic acids (2,5-furandicarboxylic, maleic, succinic, adipic and terephthalic acids) and sugar acids (like gluconic and glucaric acids). The review evaluates the technology status and the advantages and drawbacks of each route in terms of feedstock, reaction pathways, catalysts and economic and environmental evaluation. The prospects and the new research that should be undertaken to overcome the main problems threatening their economic viability or the weaknesses that prevent their commercial implementation have also been underlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iglesias
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipan, s/n, Mostoles, Madrid 28933, Spain
| | - I Martínez-Salazar
- EQS Group (Sustainable Energy and Chemistry Group), Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (CSIC), C/Marie Curie, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - P Maireles-Torres
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografia y Mineralogía (Unidad Asociada al ICP-CSIC), Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - D Martin Alonso
- Glucan Biorenewables LLC, Madison, WI 53719, USA and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - R Mariscal
- EQS Group (Sustainable Energy and Chemistry Group), Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (CSIC), C/Marie Curie, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M López Granados
- EQS Group (Sustainable Energy and Chemistry Group), Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (CSIC), C/Marie Curie, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Lu R, Jiang H, Si X, Luo X, Lu F, Xu J. Sustainable synthesis of 1,2,3,4-cyclohexanetetracarboxylate from sugar-derived carboxylic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7499-7502. [PMID: 32501464 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02163f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a sustainable route for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-cyclohexanetetracarboxylate from sugar-derived muconic acid and fumaric acid. The key Diels-Alder reaction constructed a cyclohexene framework substituted by four ester groups. The isolated yield of tetramethyl 5-cyclohexene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate was up to 95.5% without any catalyst used. And the hydrogenation reaction of the cycloadduct was catalyzed by commercial RANEY® Ni at room temperature and nearly 100% yield of the cyclohexyl target products was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
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25
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Wang P, Linares-Pastén JA, Zhang B. Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Enzymatic Degradation of AB-Type Indole-Based Polyesters with Improved Thermal Properties. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1078-1090. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Centre of Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Javier A. Linares-Pastén
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Centre of Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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26
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Catalytic valorization of biomass and bioplatforms to chemicals through deoxygenation. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acat.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Stadler BM, Wulf C, Werner T, Tin S, de Vries JG. Catalytic Approaches to Monomers for Polymers Based on Renewables. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard M. Stadler
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Wulf
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Werner
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sergey Tin
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes G. de Vries
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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28
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Galkin KI, Ananikov VP. When Will 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, the "Sleeping Giant" of Sustainable Chemistry, Awaken? CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:2976-2982. [PMID: 31115171 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bring on the subs! Biorefining will be realized by using two different approaches: the production of new biobased molecular targets or sustainable access to traditional base and commodity chemicals. Awakening of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) can be expected with different probabilities, depending on the approach chosen to create a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin I Galkin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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29
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Fan W, Verrier C, Queneau Y, Popowycz F. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Organic Synthesis: A Review of its Recent Applications Towards Fine Chemicals. Curr Org Synth 2019; 16:583-614. [DOI: 10.2174/1570179416666190412164738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background:
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a biomass-derived
platform chemical, which can be produced from carbohydrates. In the past decades, 5-
HMF has received tremendous attention because of its wide applications in the
production of various value-added chemicals, materials and biofuels. The manufacture
and the catalytic conversion of 5-HMF to simple industrially-important bulk chemicals
have been well reviewed. However, employing 5-HMF as a building block in organic
synthesis has never been summarized exclusively, despite the rapid development in this
area.
Objective:
The aim of this review is to bring a fresh perspective on the use of 5-HMF in
organic synthesis, to the exclusion of already well documented conversion of 5-HMF
towards relatively simple molecules such as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-dimethylfuran and so on notably
used as monomers or biofuels.
Conclusion:
As it has been shown throughout this review, 5-HMF has been the object of numerous studies on
its use in fine chemical synthesis. Thanks to the presence of different functional groups on this platform
chemical, it proved to be an excellent starting material for the preparation of various fine chemicals. The use of
this C-6 synthon in novel synthetic routes is appealing, as it allows the incorporation of renewable carbonsources
into the final targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Fan
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Charlie Verrier
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Yves Queneau
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Florence Popowycz
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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30
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Ju Z, Yao X, Liu X, Ni L, Xin J, Xiao W. Theoretical Study on the Conversion Mechanism of Biobased 2,5-Dimethylfuran and Acrylic Acid into Aromatics Catalyzed by Brønsted Acid Ionic Liquids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Ju
- Biomass and Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingli Ni
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Biomass and Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Salvador M, Abdulmutalib U, Gonzalez J, Kim J, Smith AA, Faulon JL, Wei R, Zimmermann W, Jimenez JI. Microbial Genes for a Circular and Sustainable Bio-PET Economy. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E373. [PMID: 31100963 PMCID: PMC6562992 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastics have become an important environmental concern due to their durability and resistance to degradation. Out of all plastic materials, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are amenable to biological degradation due to the action of microbial polyester hydrolases. The hydrolysis products obtained from PET can thereby be used for the synthesis of novel PET as well as become a potential carbon source for microorganisms. In addition, microorganisms and biomass can be used for the synthesis of the constituent monomers of PET from renewable sources. The combination of both biodegradation and biosynthesis would enable a completely circular bio-PET economy beyond the conventional recycling processes. Circular strategies like this could contribute to significantly decreasing the environmental impact of our dependence on this polymer. Here we review the efforts made towards turning PET into a viable feedstock for microbial transformations. We highlight current bottlenecks in degradation of the polymer and metabolism of the monomers, and we showcase fully biological or semisynthetic processes leading to the synthesis of PET from sustainable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Salvador
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Umar Abdulmutalib
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Jaime Gonzalez
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Juhyun Kim
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Alex A Smith
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Jean-Loup Faulon
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
- SYNBIOCHEM Centre, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
- CNRS-UMR8030/Laboratoire iSSB, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Évry, France.
| | - Ren Wei
- Department of Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Zimmermann
- Department of Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jose I Jimenez
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
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32
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Ren D, Xu L, Wang L, Li SS. Catalytic Formal Benzylic C–H Bond Functionalization of 2,5-Dialkylfuran Derivatives with Ferrocenyl Alcohols as Alkylation Reagents. Org Lett 2019; 21:627-631. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Didi Ren
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lubin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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33
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Xu L, Chen H, Liu J, Zhou L, Liu Q, Lan Y, Xiao J. Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric C(sp3)–H functionalization of biomass-derived 2,5-dimethylfuran via two sequential Cope-type rearrangements. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01375f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first organocatalytic asymmetric C(sp3)–H functionalization of biomass-derived 2,5-dimethylfuran with alcohols to afford enantioenriched furan-derived 3,3′-disubstituted oxindoles in high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Haohua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Lan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shandong University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266590
- China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400030
- China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
| | - Jian Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao
- China
- College of Marine Science and Engineering
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34
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Shen YB, Li SS, Wang L, An XD, Liu Q, Liu X, Xiao J. Organocatalytic Dearomative [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of Biomass-Derived 2,5-Dimethylfuran with ortho-Quinone Methides: Access to Multisubstituted Chromanes. Org Lett 2018; 20:6069-6073. [PMID: 30212223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The organocatalytic dearomative [4 + 2] cycloadditions of biomass-derived 2,5-dimethylfuran with ortho-quinone methides were developed, affording two diffferent types of multisubstituted chromanes in high yields and excellent diastereoselectivities. The controllable synthesis of these two types of multisubstituted chromanes could be achieved by succinctly varying the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Bin Shen
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , China
| | - Xiao-De An
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Shandong University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266590 , China
| | - Xicheng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China
| | - Jian Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , China
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35
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Scodeller I, Mansouri S, Morvan D, Muller E, de Oliveira Vigier K, Wischert R, Jérôme F. Synthesis of Renewable
meta
‐Xylylenediamine from Biomass‐Derived Furfural. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10510-10514. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Scodeller
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et matériaux de PoitiersCNRSUniversité de Poitiers 1 rue Marcel Doré 86073 Poitiers France
| | - Samir Mansouri
- Centre de Recherche SOLVAY 85 Avenue des Frères Perret 69190 Saint-Fons France
| | - Didier Morvan
- Centre de Recherche SOLVAY 85 Avenue des Frères Perret 69190 Saint-Fons France
| | - Eric Muller
- Centre de Recherche SOLVAY 85 Avenue des Frères Perret 69190 Saint-Fons France
| | - Karine de Oliveira Vigier
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et matériaux de PoitiersCNRSUniversité de Poitiers 1 rue Marcel Doré 86073 Poitiers France
| | - Raphael Wischert
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes LaboratoryUMI 3464 CNRS/Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road Shanghai 201108 China
| | - François Jérôme
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et matériaux de PoitiersCNRSUniversité de Poitiers 1 rue Marcel Doré 86073 Poitiers France
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36
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Scodeller I, Mansouri S, Morvan D, Muller E, de Oliveira Vigier K, Wischert R, Jérôme F. Synthesis of Renewable
meta
‐Xylylenediamine from Biomass‐Derived Furfural. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Scodeller
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et matériaux de PoitiersCNRSUniversité de Poitiers 1 rue Marcel Doré 86073 Poitiers France
| | - Samir Mansouri
- Centre de Recherche SOLVAY 85 Avenue des Frères Perret 69190 Saint-Fons France
| | - Didier Morvan
- Centre de Recherche SOLVAY 85 Avenue des Frères Perret 69190 Saint-Fons France
| | - Eric Muller
- Centre de Recherche SOLVAY 85 Avenue des Frères Perret 69190 Saint-Fons France
| | - Karine de Oliveira Vigier
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et matériaux de PoitiersCNRSUniversité de Poitiers 1 rue Marcel Doré 86073 Poitiers France
| | - Raphael Wischert
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes LaboratoryUMI 3464 CNRS/Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road Shanghai 201108 China
| | - François Jérôme
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et matériaux de PoitiersCNRSUniversité de Poitiers 1 rue Marcel Doré 86073 Poitiers France
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37
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Li S, Deng W, Wang S, Wang P, An D, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Catalytic Transformation of Cellulose and Its Derivatives into Functionalized Organic Acids. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:1995-2028. [PMID: 29714048 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is a promising renewable and abundant resource for the production of high-value chemicals, in particular, organic oxygenates, because of its high oxygen/carbon ratio. The sustainable production of hydroxycarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids, such as gluconic/glucaric acid, lactic acid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, and terephthalic acid, most of which are monomers of key polymers, have attracted much attention in recent years. The synthesis of these organic acids from cellulose generally involves several tandem reaction steps, and thus, multifunctional catalysts that can catalyze the selective activation of specific C-O or C-C bonds hold the key. This review highlights recent advances in the development of efficient catalytic systems and new strategies for the selective conversion of cellulose or its derived carbohydrates into functionalized organic acids. The reaction mechanism is discussed to offer deep insights into the regioselective cleavage of C-O or C-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Weiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Dongli An
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yanyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical, Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
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38
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Desilicated ZSM-5 Zeolites for the Production of Renewable p-Xylene via Diels–Alder Cycloaddition of Dimethylfuran and Ethylene. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8060253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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39
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Lu R, Lu F, Si X, Jiang H, Huang Q, Yu W, Kong X, Xu J. Production of Plant Phthalate and its Hydrogenated Derivative from Bio-Based Platform Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:1621-1627. [PMID: 29624916 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Direct transformation of bio-based platform chemicals into aromatic dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives, which are widely used for the manufacture of polymers, is of significant importance for the sustainable development of the plastics industry. However, limited successful chemical processes have been reported. This study concerns a sustainable route for the production of phthalate and its hydrogenated derivative from bio-based malic acid and erythritol. The key Diels-Alder reaction is applied to build a substituted cyclohexene structure. The dehydration reaction of malic acid affords fumaric acid with 96.6 % yield, which could be used as the dienophile, and 1,3-butadiene generated in situ through erythritol deoxydehydration serves as the diene. Starting from erythritol and dibutyl fumarate, a 74.3 % yield of dibutyl trans-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylate is obtained. The palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation of the cycloadduct gives a 77.8 % yield of dibutyl phthalate. Dibutyl trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate could be formed in nearly 100 % yield under mild conditions by hydrogenation of the cycloadduct. Furthermore, fumaric acid and fumarate, with trans configurations, were found to be better dienophiles for this Diels-Alder reaction than maleic acid and maleate, with cis configuration, based on the experimental and computational results. This new route will pave the way for the production of environmental friendly plastic materials from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Si
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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40
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Dai T, Li C, Li L, Zhao ZK, Zhang B, Cong Y, Wang A. Selective Production of Renewable para-Xylene by Tungsten Carbide Catalyzed Atom-Economic Cascade Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1808-1812. [PMID: 29316102 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tungsten carbide was employed as the catalyst in an atom-economic and renewable synthesis of para-xylene with excellent selectivity and yield from 4-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carbonylaldehyde (4-MCHCA). This intermediate is the product of the Diels-Alder reaction between the two readily available bio-based building blocks acrolein and isoprene. Our results suggest that 4-MCHCA undergoes a novel dehydroaromatization-hydrodeoxygenation cascade process by intramolecular hydrogen transfer that does not involve an external hydrogen source, and that the hydrodeoxygenation occurs through the direct dissociation of the C=O bond on the W2 C surface. Notably, this process is readily applicable to the synthesis of various (multi)methylated arenes from bio-based building blocks, thus potentially providing a petroleum-independent solution to valuable aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Changzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
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41
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Rohling R, Uslamin E, Zijlstra B, Tranca IC, Filot IAW, Hensen EJM, Pidko EA. An Active Alkali-Exchanged Faujasite Catalyst for p-Xylene Production via the One-Pot Diels-Alder Cycloaddition/Dehydration Reaction of 2,5-Dimethylfuran with Ethylene. ACS Catal 2018; 8:760-769. [PMID: 29430331 PMCID: PMC5805402 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The one-pot Diels-Alder cycloaddition (DAC)/dehydration (D) tandem reaction between 2,5-dimethylfuran and ethylene is a potent pathway toward biomass-derived p-xylene. In this work, we present a cheap and active low-silica potassium-exchanged faujasite (KY, Si/Al = 2.6) catalyst. Catalyst optimization was guided by a computational study of the DAC/D reaction mechanism over different alkali-exchanged faujasites using periodic density functional theory calculations complemented by microkinetic modeling. Two types of faujasite models were compared, i.e., a high-silica alkali-exchanged faujasite model representing isolated active cation sites and a low-silica alkali-exchanged faujasite in which the reaction involves several cations in the proximity. The mechanistic study points to a significant synergetic cooperative effect of the ensemble of cations in the faujasite supercage on the DAC/D reaction. Alignment of the reactants by their interactions with the cationic sites and stabilization of reaction intermediates contribute to the high catalytic performance. Experiments confirmed the prediction that KY is the most active catalyst among low-silica alkali-exchanged faujasites. This work is an example of how the catalytic reactivity of zeolites depends on multiple interactions between the zeolite and reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderigh
Y. Rohling
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny Uslamin
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Zijlstra
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ionut C. Tranca
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo A. W. Filot
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- TheoMAT
group, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St.
Petersburg 191002, Russia
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42
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Dai T, Li C, Li L, Zhao ZK, Zhang B, Cong Y, Wang A. Selective Production of Renewable para
-Xylene by Tungsten Carbide Catalyzed Atom-Economic Cascade Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Changzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
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43
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Kobayashi H, Fukuoka A. Development of Solid Catalyst–Solid Substrate Reactions for Efficient Utilization of Biomass. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021
| | - Atsushi Fukuoka
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021
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44
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Xia H, Xu S, Hu H, An J, Li C. Efficient conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to high-value chemicals by chemo- and bio-catalysis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30875-30886. [PMID: 35548764 PMCID: PMC9085621 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05308a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a very important versatile platform compound derived from renewable biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haian Xia
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass
- China
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
| | - Siquan Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass
- China
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
| | - Hong Hu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass
- China
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
| | - Jiahuan An
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass
- China
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
| | - Changzhi Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
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45
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Goulas KA, Lee JD, Zheng W, Lym J, Yao S, Oh DS, Wang C, Gorte RJ, Chen JG, Murray CB, Vlachos DG. Spectroscopic characterization of a highly selective NiCu3/C hydrodeoxygenation catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Formation of a NiO layer atop a NiO–Cu2O bulk under reaction conditions is established via operando XAS.
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46
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Li H, Riisager A, Saravanamurugan S, Pandey A, Sangwan RS, Yang S, Luque R. Carbon-Increasing Catalytic Strategies for Upgrading Biomass into Energy-Intensive Fuels and Chemicals. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Anders Riisager
- Centre
for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Shunmugavel Saravanamurugan
- Laboratory
of Bioproduct Chemistry, Centre of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Rajender S. Sangwan
- Laboratory
of Bioproduct Chemistry, Centre of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Song Yang
- State-Local Joint Engineering Lab for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento
de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, E-14014, Cordoba, Spain
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Nakajima H, Dijkstra P, Loos K. The Recent Developments in Biobased Polymers toward General and Engineering Applications: Polymers that are Upgraded from Biodegradable Polymers, Analogous to Petroleum-Derived Polymers, and Newly Developed. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100523. [PMID: 30965822 PMCID: PMC6418730 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main motivation for development of biobased polymers was their biodegradability, which is becoming important due to strong public concern about waste. Reflecting recent changes in the polymer industry, the sustainability of biobased polymers allows them to be used for general and engineering applications. This expansion is driven by the remarkable progress in the processes for refining biomass feedstocks to produce biobased building blocks that allow biobased polymers to have more versatile and adaptable polymer chemical structures and to achieve target properties and functionalities. In this review, biobased polymers are categorized as those that are: (1) upgrades from biodegradable polylactides (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and others; (2) analogous to petroleum-derived polymers such as bio-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (bio-PET); and (3) new biobased polymers such as poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF). The recent developments and progresses concerning biobased polymers are described, and important technical aspects of those polymers are introduced. Additionally, the recent scientific achievements regarding high-spec engineering-grade biobased polymers are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Nakajima
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Dijkstra
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Hu Y, Li N, Li G, Wang A, Cong Y, Wang X, Zhang T. Sustainable Production of o-Xylene from Biomass-Derived Pinacol and Acrolein. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2880-2885. [PMID: 28621498 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
o-Xylene (OX) is a large-volume commodity chemical that is conventionally produced from fossil fuels. In this study, an efficient and sustainable two-step route is used to produce OX from biomass-derived pinacol and acrolein. In the first step, the phosphotungstic acid (HPW)-catalyzed pinacol dehydration in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([emim]Cl) selectively affords 2,3-dimethylbutadiene. The high selectivity of this reaction can be ascribed to the H-bonding interaction between Cl- and the hydroxy group of pinacol. The stabilization of the carbocation intermediate by the surrounding anion Cl- may be another reason for the high selectivity. Notably, the good reusability of the HPW/[emim]Cl system can reduce the waste output and production cost. In the second step, OX is selectively produced by a Diels-Alder reaction of 2,3-dimethylbutadiene and acrolein, followed by a Pd/C-catalyzed decarbonylation/aromatization cascade in a one-pot fashion. The sustainable two-step process efficiently produces renewable OX in 79 % overall yield. Analogously, biomass-derived crotonaldehyde and pinacol can also serve as the feedstocks for the production of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Guangyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China
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50
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Ni L, Xin J, Dong H, Lu X, Liu X, Zhang S. A Simple and Mild Approach for the Synthesis of p-Xylene from Bio-Based 2,5-Dimethyfuran by Using Metal Triflates. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2394-2401. [PMID: 28190293 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The production of aromatic platform chemicals from biomass-derived feedstocks is of considerable importance in biomass conversion. However, the development of effective routes with simple steps and under mild conditions is still challenging. In this work, we report an original route for the direct synthesis of p-xylene from 2,5-dimethylfuran and acrylic acid catalyzed by scandium(III) triflate (Sc(OTf)3 ) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Emim]NTf2 ) under mild conditions. An overall 63 % selectivity towards p-xylene and 78 % selectivity towards aromatics were obtained at 90 % conversion of 2,5-dimethylfuran by enhancing the dehydration and introducing an extra one-pot decarboxylation step. Furthermore, various dienes and dienophiles were employed as reactants to extend the substrate scope. The aromatic compounds were obtained in moderate yields, which proved the potential of the method to be a generic approach for the conversion of bio-based furanics into renewable aromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Ni
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- Sino Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jiayu Xin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Huixian Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Xingmei Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- Sino Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- Sino Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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