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Kozlenko AS, Ozhogin IV, Pugachev AD, Lukyanova MB, El-Sewify IM, Lukyanov BS. A Modern Look at Spiropyrans: From Single Molecules to Smart Materials. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:8. [PMID: 36624333 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic compounds of the spiropyran family have two main isomers capable of inter-switching with UV or visible light. In the current review, we discuss recent advances in the synthesis, investigation of properties, and applications of spiropyran derivatives. Spiropyrans of the indoline series are in focus as the most promising representatives of multi-sensitive spirocyclic compounds, which can be switched by a number of external stimuli, including light, temperature, pH, presence of metal ions, and mechanical stress. Particular attention is paid to the structural features of molecules, their influence on photochromic properties, and the reactions taking place during isomerization, as the understanding of the structure-property relationships will rationalize the synthesis of compounds with predetermined characteristics. The main prospects for applications of spiropyrans in such fields as smart material production, molecular electronics and nanomachinery, sensing of environmental and biological molecules, and photopharmacology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Kozlenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Artem D Pugachev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Maria B Lukyanova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Islam M El-Sewify
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boris S Lukyanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
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2
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Barachevsky VА. Photochromic Organo-Silica Nanoparticles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221090346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Ester and amide derivatives of rhodamine B exert cytotoxic effects on different human tumor cell lines. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThree esters of rhodamine B (1–3) differing in their alkyl chain lengths as well as several rhodamine B amides (4–9) were synthesized in good yields and tested for their cytotoxicity in SRB assays employing several human tumor cell lines. The rhodamine B esters were unselective but showed cytotoxicity of as low as EC50 = 0.15 ± 0.02 µM. The rhodamine B amides were slightly less cytotoxic but showed good selectivity against MCF-7 and A2780 tumor cell lines. Especially a morpholinyl derivative 4 was ~20 time more cytotoxic for MCF-7 than for nonmalignant NIH 3T3 cells.
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4
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Stimuli-chromism of photoswitches in smart polymers: Recent advances and applications as chemosensors. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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5
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Yang Y, Zhang T, Yan J, Fu L, Xiang H, Cui Y, Su J, Liu X. Preparation and Photochromic Behavior of Spiropyran-Containing Fluorinated Polyacrylate Hydrophobic Coatings. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15812-15819. [PMID: 30485113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, spiropyran (SP)-containing fluorinated polyacrylate (F-PA-SP) latex was prepared by emulsion polymerization using fluorinated and SP-based acrylic monomers as raw materials. Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR demonstrate that the F-PA-SP copolymer has been successfully synthesized, and dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy analyses indicate that the synthesized latex has presented a uniform particle size of approximately 200 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle (WCA) analyses were used to investigate the surface properties of the F-PA-SP coating and demonstrate that its hydrophobicity is enhanced by the addition of a fluorinated acrylic monomer. The photochromic properties of the coating were investigated by UV/vis spectroscopy, and the results reveal that the F-PA-SP coating possesses better photoresponsiveness, fatigue resistance, and photoreversibility under UV/vis irradiation than the coating prepared using fluorinated polyacrylate/SP blended latex. Moreover, the WCA of the F-PA-SP coating subjected to UV/vis irradiation shows minimal changes and retains its excellent hydrophobicity. Finally, the F-PA-SP latex was applied to cellulosic paper, and the resulting photochromic paper exhibits outstanding reversible color changes and hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Chemistry & Environment Engineering , Shaoguan University , Shaoguan 512005 , China
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Wang L, Li Q. Photochromism into nanosystems: towards lighting up the future nanoworld. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1044-1097. [PMID: 29251304 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the structure and function of promising nanosystems via energy input and external stimuli is emerging as an attractive paradigm for developing reconfigurable and programmable nanomaterials and multifunctional devices. Light stimulus manifestly represents a preferred external physical and chemical tool for in situ remote command of the functional attributes of nanomaterials and nanosystems due to its unique advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and digital controllability. Photochromic moieties are known to undergo reversible photochemical transformations between different states with distinct properties, which have been extensively introduced into various functional nanosystems such as nanomachines, nanoparticles, nanoelectronics, supramolecular nanoassemblies, and biological nanosystems. The integration of photochromism into these nanosystems has endowed the resultant nanostructures or advanced materials with intriguing photoresponsive behaviors and more sophisticated functions. In this Review, we provide an account of the recent advancements in reversible photocontrol of the structures and functions of photochromic nanosystems and their applications. The important design concepts of such truly advanced materials are discussed, their fabrication methods are emphasized, and their applications are highlighted. The Review is concluded by briefly outlining the challenges that need to be addressed and the opportunities that can be tapped into. We hope that the review of the flourishing and vibrant topic with myriad possibilities would shine light on exploring the future nanoworld by encouraging and opening the windows to meaningful multidisciplinary cooperation of engineers from different backgrounds and scientists from the fields such as chemistry, physics, engineering, biology, nanotechnology and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.
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Xiong Y, Rivera-Fuentes P, Sezgin E, Vargas Jentzsch A, Eggeling C, Anderson HL. Photoswitchable Spiropyran Dyads for Biological Imaging. Org Lett 2016; 18:3666-9. [PMID: 27456166 PMCID: PMC5010358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a small-molecule dyad consisting of a far-red-emitting silicon rhodamine dye that is covalently linked to a photochromic spironaphthothiopyran unit, which serves as a photoswitchable quencher, is reported. This system can be switched reversibly between the fluorescent and nonfluorescent states using visible light at wavelengths of 405 and 630 nm, respectively, and it works effectively in aqueous solution. Live-cell imaging demonstrates that this dyad has several desirable features, including excellent membrane permeability, fast and reversible modulation of fluorescence by visible light, and good contrast between the bright and dark states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Pablo Rivera-Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Andreas Vargas Jentzsch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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Achilleos DS, Hatton TA, Vamvakaki M. Photoreponsive Hybrid Nanoparticles with Inherent FRET Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5981-5989. [PMID: 27222922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The photoactivated inherent fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) properties of a hard-and-soft hybrid nanosystem comprising poly(1'-(2-methacryloxyethyl)-3',3'-dimethyl-6-nitrospiro-(2H-1-benzopyran-2,2'-indoline))-co-poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PSPMA-co-PDMAEMA) random copolymer brushes on silica nanoparticles are described. This unique FRET process is switched on by the simultaneous generation of isomer X and merocyanine (MC), which are bipolar in nature and comprise donor-acceptor dyads, from a single spiropyran (SP) chromophore upon UV irradiation. These X-MC species exhibit sufficient lifetimes to allow the read-out of the FRET process. The phenomenon is gradually switched off because of the thermal relaxation of the bipolar chromophores. This inherent property of the nanoemitters is employed in the development of biosensors of high specificity by monitoring variations in the FRET efficiency and lifetime of the hybrids in the presence of biological substances. More specifically, bovine serum albumin (BSA) augments the formation of MC species and retards the MC photobleaching process, leading to the enhancement of the FRET efficiency and lifetime, respectively. On the other hand, amino acid l-histidine further retards the MC thermal relaxation and prolongs the FRET process. We envisage that this platform opens new perspectives in the development of novel, optical nanosensors for applications in various fields including healthcare products and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetra S Achilleos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete , 710 03 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - T Alan Hatton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete , 710 03 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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9
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Zhang Y, Zhang K, Wang J, Tian Z, Li ADQ. Photoswitchable fluorescent nanoparticles and their emerging applications. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:19342-19357. [PMID: 26445313 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05436b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although fluorescence offers ultrasensitivity, real-world applications of fluorescence techniques encounter many practical problems. As a noninvasive means to investigate biomolecular mechanisms, pathways, and regulations in living cells, the intrinsic heterogeneity and inherent complexity of biological samples always generates optical interferences such as autofluorescence. Therefore, innovative fluorescence technologies are needed to enhance measurement reliability while not compromising sensitivity. In this review, we present current strategies that use photoswitchable nanoparticles to address these real-world challenges. The unique feature in these photoswitchable nanoparticles is that fundamental molecular photoswitches are playing the critical role of fluorescence modulation rather than traditional methods like modulating the light source. As a result, new innovative technologies that have recently emerged include super-resolution imaging, frequency-domain imaging, antiphase dual-color correlation, etc. Some of these methods improve imaging resolution down to the nanometer level, while others boost the detection sensitivity by orders of magnitude and confirm the nanoparticle probes unambiguously. These enhancements, which are not possible with non-photoswitching molecular probes, are the central topics of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
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10
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Abdollahi A, Mahdavian AR, Salehi-Mobarakeh H. Preparation of stimuli-responsive functionalized latex nanoparticles: the effect of spiropyran concentration on size and photochromic properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10672-10682. [PMID: 26375595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of photochromic compounds to polymer matrix through chemical bonding results in an enhancement of photoactivity and stabilization of optical properties. Here, spiropyran ethyl acrylate monomer (SPEA) was synthesized, and then photochromic particles bearing epoxy functional groups were prepared through semicontinuous emulsion copolymerization. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results depicted an increase in particle size and particle size distribution with the increase in SPEA monomer-surfactants ratio. Studies on photochromic properties by UV-vis analysis demonstrated a decrease in the absorption intensity despite the increase in SPEA content due to the enhancement in particle size. The prepared acrylic copolymer particles showed reasonable photostability, photoreversibility, and fast photoresponsivness according to the convenient test methods under UV/vis irradiation. DSC and DMTA analyses indicate an increase in Tg of the obtained copolymers with the increase in SPEA content. Finally, stimuli-responsive cellulosic papers were prepared by impregnation, and their photochromic behavior was investigated in dry and wet forms in various media under UV radiation. Morphology studies, due to stabilization of the photochromic copolymer on cellulose fibers, were conducted by SEM micrographs and showed good adhesion and compatibility between the two phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Abdollahi
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute , P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran 1497713115, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Mahdavian
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute , P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran 1497713115, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehi-Mobarakeh
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute , P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran 1497713115, Iran
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Trofymchuk K, Prodi L, Reisch A, Mély Y, Altenhöner K, Mattay J, Klymchenko AS. Exploiting Fast Exciton Diffusion in Dye-Doped Polymer Nanoparticles to Engineer Efficient Photoswitching. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2259-2264. [PMID: 26266601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitching of bright fluorescent nanoparticles opens new possibilities for bioimaging with superior temporal and spatial resolution. However, efficient photoswitching of nanoparticles is hard to achieve using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to a photochromic dye, because the particle size is usually larger than the Förster radius. Here, we propose to exploit the exciton diffusion within the FRET donor dyes to boost photoswitching efficiency in dye-doped polymer nanoparticles. To this end, we utilized bulky hydrophobic counterions that prevent self-quenching and favor communication of octadecyl rhodamine B dyes inside a polymer matrix of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide). Among tested counterions, only perfluorinated tetraphenylborate that favors the exciton diffusion enables high photoswitching efficiency (on/off ratio ∼20). The switching improves with donor dye loading and requires only 0.1-0.3 wt % of a diphenylethene photochromic dye. Our nanoparticles were validated both in solution and at the single-particle level. The proposed concept paves the way to new efficient photoswitchable nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Trofymchuk
- †Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, UMR 7213 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Luca Prodi
- ‡Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università degli Studi di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas Reisch
- †Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, UMR 7213 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Yves Mély
- †Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, UMR 7213 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Kai Altenhöner
- §Organic Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jochen Mattay
- §Organic Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- †Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, UMR 7213 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
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12
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Zhang G, Lang R, Wang W, Lv H, Zhao L, Xia C, Li F. Light-Sensitive and Recoverable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Complex in Homogeneous Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Genovese D, Rampazzo E, Bonacchi S, Montalti M, Zaccheroni N, Prodi L. Energy transfer processes in dye-doped nanostructures yield cooperative and versatile fluorescent probes. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:3022-3036. [PMID: 24531884 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05599j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fast and efficient energy transfer among dyes confined in nanocontainers provides the basis of outstanding functionalities in new-generation luminescent probes. This feature article provides an overview of recent research achievements on luminescent Pluronic-Silica NanoParticles (PluS NPs), a class of extremely monodisperse core-shell nanoparticles whose design can be easily tuned to match specific needs for diverse applications based on luminescence, and that have already been successfully tested in in vivo imaging. An outline of their outstanding properties, such as tuneability, bright and photoswitchable fluorescence and electrochemiluminescence, will be supported by a critical discussion of our recent works in this field. Furthermore, novel data and simulations will be presented to (i) thoroughly examine common issues arising from the inclusion of multiple dyes in a small silica core, and (ii) show the emergence of a cooperative behaviour among embedded dyes. Such cooperative behaviour provides a handle for fine control of brightness, emission colour and self-quenching phenomena in PluS NPs, leading to significantly enhanced signal to noise ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Genovese
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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Gillanders F, Giordano L, Díaz SA, Jovin TM, Jares-Erijman EA. Photoswitchable fluorescent diheteroarylethenes: substituent effects on photochromic and solvatochromic properties. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:603-12. [PMID: 24496436 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50374g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable fluorescent diheteroarylethenes are promising candidates for applications in super-resolution molecular localization fluorescence microscopy thanks to their high quantum yields and fatigue-resistant photoswitching characteristics. We have studied the effect of varying substituents on the photophysical properties of six sulfone derivatives of diheteroarylethenes, which display fluorescence in one (closed form) of two thermally stable photochromic states. Electron-donating substituents displace the absorption and emission spectra towards the red without substantially affecting the fluorescence quantum yields. Furthermore, ethoxybromo, a very electron-donating substituent, stabilizes the excited state of the closed isomer to the extent of almost entirely inhibiting its cycloreversion. Multi-parameter Hammett correlations indicate a relationship between the emission maxima and electron-donating character, providing a useful tool in the design of future photochromic molecules. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibit small bathochromic shifts and shorter fluorescence lifetimes with an increase in solvent polarity. However, the ethoxybromo-substituted fluorescent photochrome is unique in its strong solvatochromic behaviour, constituting a photoactivatable (photochromic), fluorescent and highly solvatochromic small organic compound. The Catalán formalism identified solvent dipolarity as the principal basis of the solvatochromism, reflecting the highly polarized nature of this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Gillanders
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Timm J, Stoltenberg C, Senker J, Bensch W. Azobenzene-Functionalized SBA-15 Material for Application in Selective Separation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Xing Q, Li N, Chen D, Sha W, Jiao Y, Qi X, Xu Q, Lu J. Light-responsive amphiphilic copolymer coated nanoparticles as nanocarriers and real-time monitors for controlled drug release. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:1182-1189. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21269f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
In the past few years, spiropyran has emerged as the molecule-of-choice for the construction of novel dynamic materials. This unique molecular switch undergoes structural isomerisation in response to a variety of orthogonal stimuli, e.g. light, temperature, metal ions, redox potential, and mechanical stress. Incorporation of this switch onto macromolecular supports or inorganic scaffolds allows for the creation of robust dynamic materials. This review discusses the synthesis, switching conditions, and use of dynamic materials in which spiropyran has been attached to the surfaces of polymers, biomacromolecules, inorganic nanoparticles, as well as solid surfaces. The resulting materials show fascinating properties whereby the state of the switch intimately affects a multitude of useful properties of the support. The utility of the spiropyran switch will undoubtedly endow these materials with far-reaching applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Klajn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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18
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Chen G, Song F, Xiong X, Peng X. Fluorescent Nanosensors Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie303485n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gengwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech
Zone, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech
Zone, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech
Zone, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech
Zone, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
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Luo Y, Wang C, Peng P, Hossain M, Jiang T, Fu W, Liao Y, Su M. Visible light mediated killing of multidrug-resistant bacteria using photoacids. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:997-1001. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00317a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Malinge J, Allain C, Brosseau A, Audebert P. White Fluorescence from Core–Shell Silica Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8534-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Malinge
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
| | - Clémence Allain
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
| | - Arnaud Brosseau
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
| | - Pierre Audebert
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
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21
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Malinge J, Allain C, Brosseau A, Audebert P. White Fluorescence from Core–Shell Silica Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Malinge
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
| | - Clémence Allain
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
| | - Arnaud Brosseau
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
| | - Pierre Audebert
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61, avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex (France)
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