1
|
Qiu Z, Deng H, Neumann CN. Site-Isolated Rhodium(II) Metalloradicals Catalyze Olefin Hydrofunctionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401375. [PMID: 38314637 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Rh(II) porphyrin complexes display pronounced metal-centered radical character and the ability to activate small molecules under mild conditions, but catalysis with Rh(II) porphyrins is extremely rare. In addition to facile dimerization, Rh(II) porphyrins readily engage in kinetically and thermodynamically facile reactions involving two Rh(II) centers to generate stable Rh(III)-X intermediates that obstruct turnover in thermal catalysis. Here we report site isolation of Rh(II) metalloradicals in a MOF host, which not only protects Rh(II) metalloradicals against dimerization, but also allows them to participate in thermal catalysis. Access to PCN-224 or PCN-222 in which the porphyrin linkers are fully metalated by Rh(II) in the absence of any accompanying Rh(0) nanoparticles was achieved via the first direct MOF synthesis with a linker containing a transition-metal alkyl moiety, followed by Rh(III)-C bond photolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Qiu
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Constanze N Neumann
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang D, Liu D, Wang C, Su Y, Zhang X. Nanoreactor-based catalytic systems for therapeutic applications: Principles, strategies, and challenges. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 322:103037. [PMID: 37931381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by natural catalytic compartments, various synthetic compartments that seclude catalytic reactions have been developed to understand complex multistep biosynthetic pathways, bestow therapeutic effects, or extend biosynthetic pathways in living cells. These emerging nanoreactors possessed many advantages over conventional biomedicine, such as good catalytic activity, specificity, and sustainability. In the past decade, a great number of efficient catalytic systems based on diverse nanoreactors (polymer vesicles, liposome, polymer micelles, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, MOFs, etc.) have been designed and employed to initiate in situ catalyzed chemical reactions for therapy. This review aims to present the recent progress in the development of catalytic systems based on nanoreactors for therapeutic applications, with a special emphasis on the principles and design strategies. Besides, the key components of nanoreactor-based catalytic systems, including nanocarriers, triggers or energy inputs, and products, are respectively introduced and discussed in detail. Challenges and prospects in the fabrication of therapeutic catalytic nanoreactors are also discussed as a conclusion to this review. We believe that catalytic nanoreactors will play an increasingly important role in modern biomedicine, with improved therapeutic performance and minimal side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chunfei Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu Z, Ji N, Li X, Zhang R, Qiao Y, Xiong J, Liu J, Lu X. Kinetics Driven by Hollow Nanoreactors: An Opportunity for Controllable Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213612. [PMID: 36346146 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As a novel class of catalytic materials, hollow nanoreactors offer new opportunities for improving catalytic performance owing to their higher controllability on molecular kinetic behavior. Nevertheless, to achieve controllable catalysis with specific purposes, the catalytic mechanism occurring inside hollow nanoreactors remains to be further understood. In this context, this Review presents a focused discussion about the basic concept of hollow nanoreactors, the underlying theory for hollow nanoreactor-driven kinetics, and the intrinsic correlation between key structural parameters of hollow nanoreactors and molecular kinetic behaviors. We aim to provide in-depth insights into understanding kinetics occurred within typical hollow nanoreactors. The perspectives proposed in this paper may contribute to the development of the fundamental theoretical framework of hollow nanoreactor-driven catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Na Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Yina Qiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China.,DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marforio TD, Tomasini M, Bottoni A, Zerbetto F, Mattioli EJ, Calvaresi M. Deciphering the Reactive Pathways of Competitive Reactions inside Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:8. [PMID: 36615918 PMCID: PMC9823513 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale control of chemical reactivity, manipulation of reaction pathways, and ultimately driving the outcome of chemical reactions are quickly becoming reality. A variety of tools are concurring to establish such capability. The confinement of guest molecules inside nanoreactors, such as the hollow nanostructures of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), is a straightforward and highly fascinating approach. It mechanically hinders some molecular movements but also decreases the free energy of translation of the system with respect to that of a macroscopic solution. Here, we examined, at the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) level, the effect of confinement inside CNTs on nucleophilic substitution (SN2) and elimination (syn-E2 and anti-E2) using as a model system the reaction between ethyl chloride and chloride. Our results show that the three reaction mechanisms are kinetically and thermodynamically affected by the CNT host. The size of the nanoreactor, i.e., the CNT diameter, represents the key factor to control the energy profiles of the reactions. A careful analysis of the interactions between the CNTs and the reactive system allowed us to identify the driving force of the catalytic process. The electrostatic term controls the reaction kinetics in the SN2 and syn/anti-E2 reactions. The van der Waals interactions play an important role in the stabilization of the product of the elimination process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tainah Dorina Marforio
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Edoardo Jun Mattioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nakaya Y, Furukawa S. Catalysis of Alloys: Classification, Principles, and Design for a Variety of Materials and Reactions. Chem Rev 2022; 123:5859-5947. [PMID: 36170063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alloying has long been used as a promising methodology to improve the catalytic performance of metallic materials. In recent years, the field of alloy catalysis has made remarkable progress with the emergence of a variety of novel alloy materials and their functions. Therefore, a comprehensive disciplinary framework for catalytic chemistry of alloys that provides a cross-sectional understanding of the broad research field is in high demand. In this review, we provide a comprehensive classification of various alloy materials based on metallurgy, thermodynamics, and inorganic chemistry and summarize the roles of alloying in catalysis and its principles with a brief introduction of the historical background of this research field. Furthermore, we explain how each type of alloy can be used as a catalyst material and how to design a functional catalyst for the target reaction by introducing representative case studies. This review includes two approaches, namely, from materials and reactions, to provide a better understanding of the catalytic chemistry of alloys. Our review offers a perspective on this research field and can be used encyclopedically according to the readers' individual interests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakaya
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shinya Furukawa
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hurst MR, Davis AG, Cook AK. The Influence of Silane Steric Bulk on the Formation and Dynamic Behavior of Silyl Palladium Hydrides. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Hurst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Amanda G. Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Amanda K. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shen Y, Wang X, Lei J, Wang S, Hou Y, Hou X. Catalytic confinement effects in nanochannels: from biological synthesis to chemical engineering. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1517-1526. [PMID: 36134369 PMCID: PMC9418946 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic reactions within nanochannels are of significant importance in disclosing the mechanisms of catalytic confinement effects and developing novel reaction systems for scientific and industrial demands. Interestingly, catalytic confinement effects exist in both biological and artificial nanochannels, which enhance the reaction performance of various chemical reactions. In this minireview, we investigate the recent advances on catalytic confinement effects in terms of the reactants, reaction processes, catalysts, and products in nanochannels. A systematic discussion of catalytic confinement effects associated with biological synthesis in bio-nanochannels and catalytic reactions in artificial nanochannels in chemical engineering is presented. Furthermore, we summarize the properties of reactions both in nature and chemical engineering and provide a brief overlook of this research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jinmei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yaqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) Xiamen 361102 Fujian China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Astle MA, Weilhard A, Rance GA, LeMercier TM, Stoppiello CT, Norman LT, Fernandes JA, Khlobystov AN. Defect Etching in Carbon Nanotube Walls for Porous Carbon Nanoreactors: Implications for CO 2 Sorption and the Hydrosilylation of Phenylacetylene. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2075-2086. [PMID: 35571534 PMCID: PMC9098111 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c03803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A method of pore fabrication in the walls of carbon nanotubes has been developed, leading to porous nanotubes that have been filled with catalysts and utilized in liquid- and gas-phase reactions. Chromium oxide nanoparticles have been utilized as highly effective etchants of carbon nanotube sidewalls. Tuning the thermal profile and loading of this nanoscale oxidant, both of which influence the localized oxidation of the carbon, have allowed the controlled formation of defects and holes with openings of 40-60 nm, penetrating through several layers of the graphitic carbon nanotube sidewall, resulting in templated nanopore propagation. The porous carbon nanotubes have been demonstrated as catalytic nanoreactors, effectively stabilizing catalytic nanoparticles against agglomeration and modulating the reaction environment around active centers. CO2 sorption on ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) inside nanoreactors led to distinctive surface-bound intermediates (such as carbonate species), compared to RuNPs on amorphous carbon. Introducing pores in nanoreactors modulates the strength of absorption of these intermediates, as they bond more strongly on RuNPs in porous nanoreactors as compared to the nanoreactors without pores. In the liquid-phase hydrosilylation of phenylacetylene, the confinement of Rh4(CO)12 catalyst centers within the porous nanoreactors changes the distribution of the products relative to those observed in the absence of the additional pores. These changes have been attributed to the enhanced local concentration of phenylacetylene and the environment in which the catalytic centers reside within the porous carbon host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell A. Astle
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Weilhard
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Graham A. Rance
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Tara M. LeMercier
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Craig T. Stoppiello
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Luke T. Norman
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Jesum Alves Fernandes
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei N. Khlobystov
- School
of Chemistry and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC), University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rhodium Nanoparticles Stabilized by PEG-Tagged Imidazolium Salts as Recyclable Catalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes and the Reduction of Nitroarenes. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PEGylated imidazolium (bromide and tetrafluoroborate) and tris-imidazolium (bromide) salts containing triazole linkers have been used as stabilizers for the preparation of water-soluble rhodium(0) nanoparticles by reduction of rhodium trichloride with sodium borohydride in water at room temperature. The nanomaterials have been characterized (Transmission Electron Microscopy, Electron Diffraction, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy). They proved to be efficient and recyclable catalysts for the stereoselective hydrosilylation of internal alkynes, in the presence or absence of solvent, and in the reduction of nitroarenes to anilines with ammonia-borane as hydrogen donor in aqueous medium (1:4 tetrahydrofuran/water).
Collapse
|
10
|
Agasti N, Astle MA, Rance GA, Alves Fernandes J, Dupont J, Khlobystov AN. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Inside Carbon Nanoreactors for Selective Allylic Oxidation of Cyclohexene. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1161-1171. [PMID: 31975606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The confinement of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles within hollow carbon nanostructures has been achieved and harnessed to control the oxidation of cyclohexene. Graphitized carbon nanofibers (GNF) have been used as the nanoscale tubular host and filled by sublimation of the Ce(tmhd)4 complex (where tmhd = tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)) into the internal cavity, followed by a subsequent thermal decomposition to yield the hybrid nanostructure CeO2@GNF, where nanoparticles are preferentially immobilized at the internal graphitic step-edges of the GNF. Control over the size of the CeO2 nanoparticles has been demonstrated within the range of about 4-9 nm by varying the mass ratio of the Ce(tmhd)4 precursor to GNF during the synthesis. CeO2@GNF was effective in promoting the allylic oxidation of cyclohexene in high yield with time-dependent control of product selectivity at a comparatively low loading of CeO2 of 0.13 mol %. Unlike many of the reports to date where ceria catalyzes such organic transformations, we found the encapsulated CeO2 to play the key role of radical initiator due to the presence of Ce3+ included in the structure, with the nanotube acting as both a host, preserving the high performance of the CeO2 nanoparticles anchored at the GNF step-edges over multiple uses, and an electron reservoir, maintaining the balance of Ce3+ and Ce4+ centers. Spatial confinement effects ensure excellent stability and recyclability of CeO2@GNF nanoreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nityananda Agasti
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Maxwell A Astle
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Graham A Rance
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Jesum Alves Fernandes
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Jairton Dupont
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
- Institute of Chemistry , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Avenida Bento Goncalves 9500 , BR-91501970 Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Andrei N Khlobystov
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sadhukhan T, Junkaew A, Zhao P, Miura H, Shishido T, Ehara M. Importance of the Pd and Surrounding Sites in Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes by Palladium–Gold Alloy Catalyst. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tumpa Sadhukhan
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Anchalee Junkaew
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Patum, Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pei Zhao
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miura
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shishido
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Asensio JM, Bouzouita D, van Leeuwen PWNM, Chaudret B. σ-H-H, σ-C-H, and σ-Si-H Bond Activation Catalyzed by Metal Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2019; 120:1042-1084. [PMID: 31659903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Activation of H-H, Si-H, and C-H bonds through σ-bond coordination has grown in the past 30 years from a scientific curiosity to an important tool in the functionalization of hydrocarbons. Several mechanisms were discovered via which the initially σ-bonded substrate could be converted: oxidative addition, heterolytic cleavage, σ-bond metathesis, electrophilic attack, etc. The use of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in this area is a more recent development, but obviously nanoparticles offer a much richer basis than classical homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for tuning reactivity for such a demanding process as C-H functionalization. Here, we will review the surface chemistry of nanoparticles and catalytic reactions occurring in the liquid phase, catalyzed by either colloidal or supported metal NPs. We consider nanoparticles prepared in solution, which are stabilized and tuned by polymers, ligands, and supports. The question we have addressed concerns the differences and similarities between molecular complexes and metal NPs in their reactivity toward σ-bond activation and functionalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Asensio
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse , CNRS , INSA, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil , 31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Donia Bouzouita
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse , CNRS , INSA, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil , 31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Piet W N M van Leeuwen
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse , CNRS , INSA, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil , 31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse , CNRS , INSA, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil , 31077 Toulouse , France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gerber IC, Serp P. A Theory/Experience Description of Support Effects in Carbon-Supported Catalysts. Chem Rev 2019; 120:1250-1349. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iann C. Gerber
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Serp
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPR 8241 CNRS, INPT, 31400 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huo Y, Hu J, Lin S, Ju X, Wei Y, Huang Z, Hu Y, Tu Y. Platinum(II) complexes bearing bulky Schiff base ligands anchored onto mesoporous SBA‐15 supports as efficient catalysts for hydrosilylation. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingpeng Huo
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Jiwen Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Shudong Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Xingming Ju
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Yanlong Wei
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Zhenzhu Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Yangfei Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Guangzhou Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 510650 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics 510650 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fernández G, Pleixats R. Soluble Pt Nanoparticles Stabilized by a Tris-imidazolium Tetrafluoroborate as Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Stereoselective Hydrosilylation of Alkynes. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (CINQA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Pleixats
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (CINQA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès; Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Miura H, Endo K, Ogawa R, Shishido T. Supported Palladium–Gold Alloy Catalysts for Efficient and Selective Hydrosilylation under Mild Conditions with Isolated Single Palladium Atoms in Alloy Nanoparticles as the Main Active Site. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Miura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-osawa, Hachioji,
Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research
Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Keisuke Endo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-osawa, Hachioji,
Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Ogawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-osawa, Hachioji,
Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shishido
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-osawa, Hachioji,
Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Research
Center for Hydrogen Energy-Based Society, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Corre Y, Werlé C, Brelot-Karmazin L, Djukic JP, Agbossou-Niedercorn F, Michon C. Regioselective hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes using pentamethylcyclopentadienyl iridium(III) metallacycle catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
18
|
Giacinto P, Zerbetto F, Bottoni A, Calvaresi M. CNT-Confinement Effects on the Menshutkin SN2 Reaction: The Role of Nonbonded Interactions. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:4082-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Giacinto
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum − Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum − Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum − Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum − Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lebedeva MA, Chamberlain TW, Thomas A, Thomas BE, Stoppiello CT, Volkova E, Suyetin M, Khlobystov AN. Chemical reactions at the graphitic step-edge: changes in product distribution of catalytic reactions as a tool to explore the environment within carbon nanoreactors. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:11727-11737. [PMID: 27222094 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr03360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of explorative cross-coupling reactions have been developed to investigate the local nanoscale environment around catalytically active Pd(ii)complexes encapsulated within hollow graphitised nanofibers (GNF). Two new fullerene-containing and fullerene-free Pd(ii)Salen catalysts have been synthesised, and their activity and selectivity towards different substrates has been explored in nanoreactors. The catalysts not only show a significant increase in activity and stability upon heterogenisation at the graphitic step-edges inside the GNF channel, but also exhibit a change in selectivity affected by the confinement which alters the distribution of isomeric products of the reaction. Furthermore, the observed selectivity changes reveal unprecedented details regarding the location and orientation of the catalyst molecules inside the GNF nanoreactor, inaccessible by any spectroscopic or microscopic techniques, thus shedding light on the precise reaction environment inside the molecular catalyst-GNF nanoreactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Lebedeva
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. and Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Thomas W Chamberlain
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alice Thomas
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Bradley E Thomas
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Craig T Stoppiello
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Evgeniya Volkova
- Institute of Mechanics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, T. Baramzinoy St., 34, Izhevsk, 426067, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Suyetin
- Institute of Mechanics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, T. Baramzinoy St., 34, Izhevsk, 426067, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei N Khlobystov
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. and Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Miners SA, Rance GA, Khlobystov AN. Chemical reactions confined within carbon nanotubes. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4727-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00090h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The confinement of molecules and catalysts inside carbon nanotubes affects the yield and distribution of products of preparative chemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Graham A. Rance
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre
| | - Andrei N. Khlobystov
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Murai T, Nagaya E, Shibahara F, Maruyama T, Nakazawa H. Rhodium(I) and iridium(I) imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-ylalkylalkoxy complexes: Synthesis, characterization and application as catalysts for hydrosilylation of alkynes. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
22
|
Gately RD, in het Panhuis M. Filling of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:508-16. [PMID: 25821693 PMCID: PMC4362020 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The reliable production of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres is a relatively new development, and due to their unique structure, there has been much interest in filling their hollow interiors. In this review, we provide an overview of the most common approaches for filling these carbon nanostructures. We highlight that filled carbon nanostructures are an emerging material for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reece D Gately
- Soft Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marc in het Panhuis
- Soft Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Guo W, Pleixats R, Shafir A, Parella T. Rhodium Nanoflowers Stabilized by a Nitrogen-Rich PEG-Tagged Substrate as Recyclable Catalyst for the Stereoselective Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
24
|
Solomonsz WA, Rance GA, Khlobystov AN. Evaluating the effects of carbon nanoreactor diameter and internal structure on the pathways of the catalytic hydrosilylation reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1866-1872. [PMID: 24914447 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Three different types of carbon nanoreactors, double-walled nanotubes (DWNT), multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT) and graphitised carbon nanofibers (GNF) have been appraised for the first time as containers for the reactions of phenylacetylene hydrosilylation catalysed by a confined molecular catalyst [Rh₄(CO)₁₂]. Interactions of [Rh₄(CO)₁₂] with carbon nanoreactors determining the ratio of β-addition products are unchanged for all nanoreactors and are virtually unaffected by the confinement of [Rh₄(CO)₁₂] inside carbon nanostructures. Conversely, the relative concentrations of reactants affecting the ratio of addition and dehydrogenative silylation products is very sensitive to nanoscale confinement, with all nanoreactors demonstrating significant effects on the distribution of reaction products as compared to control experiments with the catalyst in bulk solution or adsorbed on the outer surface of nanoreactors. Surprisingly, the widest nanoreactors (GNF) change the reaction pathway most significantly, which is attributed to the graphitic step-edges inside GNF providing effective anchoring points for the catalyst and creating local environments with greatly altered concentrations of reactants as compared to bulk solution. Possessing diameters significantly wider than molecules, GNF impose no restrictions on the transfer of reactants while providing the strongest confinement effects for the reaction. Furthermore, GNF facilitate the effective recyclability of the catalyst and thus represents a superior nanoreactor system to carbon nanotubes.
Collapse
|
25
|
Planellas M, Guo W, Alonso F, Yus M, Shafir A, Pleixats R, Parella T. Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes Catalyzed by Tris- Imidazolium Salt-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
26
|
He Z, Hou Z, Luo Y, Dilixiati Y, Eli W. Hydroesterification of styrene derivatives catalyzed by an acidic resin supporting palladium complexes. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00842h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
27
|
Pascu O, Liautard V, Vaultier M, Pucheault M, Aymonier C. Catalysed stereodivergent hydrosilylation with Onium Salts stabilised M(0) nanocatalysts prepared in scCO2. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
M(0) nanocatalysts stabilised in Onium Salt were synthesised using an original preparation and their effectiveness in catalysing the challenging selective sterodivergent alkyne hydrosilylation reaction was studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O. Pascu
- CNRS
- Univ. Bordeaux
- ICMCB
- F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - V. Liautard
- CNRS
- Univ. Bordeaux
- ISM
- F-33405 Talence, France
| | - M. Vaultier
- CNRS
- Univ. Bordeaux
- ISM
- F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | - C. Aymonier
- CNRS
- Univ. Bordeaux
- ICMCB
- F-33600 Pessac, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Solomonsz WA, Rance GA, Harris BJ, Khlobystov AN. Competitive hydrosilylation in carbon nanoreactors: probing the effect of nanoscale confinement on selectivity. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:12200-12205. [PMID: 24131987 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03966h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) either imbedded within (PtNP@GNF) or adsorbed on the surface (PtNP/GNF) of hollow graphitised carbon nanofibres catalyse hydrosilylation reactions inside or outside the nanoreactor respectively. Comparison of the products formed using PtNP@GNF and PtNP/GNF reveals that nanoreactors create an environment promoting the formation of aromatic over aliphatic products in the competitive hydrosilylation of phenylacetylene with a mixture of triethylsilane and dimethylphenylsilane reactants. Quantification of the distribution of reaction products indicates a three- to four-fold increase in the concentration of aromatic reactants within GNF depending on the dimensions of the carbon nanoreactor. The altered local concentrations of reactants in PtNP@GNF combined with stabilisation of the reaction intermediates by interactions with the nanoreactor interior cause significant changes in the pathways of chemical transformations. The effects of nanoscale confinement on the reactivity of molecules can be harnessed for preparative synthesis in carbon nanoreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William A Solomonsz
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Miners SA, Rance GA, Khlobystov AN. Regioselective control of aromatic halogenation reactions in carbon nanotube nanoreactors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5586-8. [PMID: 23677430 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42414f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of single-walled carbon nanotubes as effective nanoreactors for preparative chemical reactions has been demonstrated for the first time. Extreme spatial confinement of reactant molecules inside nanotubes has been shown to drastically affect both the regioselectivity and kinetics of aromatic halogenation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Miners
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Pagliaro M, Ciriminna R, Pandarus V, Béland F. Platinum-Based Heterogeneously Catalyzed Hydrosilylation. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
32
|
O'Byrne JP, Owen RE, Minett DR, Pascu SI, Plucinski PK, Jones MD, Mattia D. High CO2 and CO conversion to hydrocarbons using bridged Fe nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy20854k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
33
|
Rance GA, Solomonsz WA, Khlobystov AN. Click chemistry in carbon nanoreactors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1067-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38035h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|