1
|
Abonia R, Insuasty D, Laali KK. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Propargyl Derivatives, and Their Application as Synthetic Intermediates and Building Blocks. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083379. [PMID: 37110613 PMCID: PMC10146578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The propargyl group is a highly versatile moiety whose introduction into small-molecule building blocks opens up new synthetic pathways for further elaboration. The last decade has witnessed remarkable progress in both the synthesis of propargylation agents and their application in the synthesis and functionalization of more elaborate/complex building blocks and intermediates. The goal of this review is to highlight these exciting advances and to underscore their impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali A.A. 25360, Colombia
| | - Daniel Insuasty
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biología, Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081007, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Kenneth K Laali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goethe O, DiBello M, Herzon SB. Total synthesis of structurally diverse pleuromutilin antibiotics. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1270-1277. [PMID: 36163267 PMCID: PMC9633427 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens has placed renewed emphasis on the total chemical synthesis of novel antibacterials. Tetracyclines, macrolides, streptogramins and lincosamides are now accessible through flexible and general synthetic routes. Pleuromutilins (antibiotics based on the fungal metabolite pleuromutilin) have remained resistant to this approach, in large part due to the difficulties encountered in the de novo construction of the decahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulene skeleton. Here we present a platform for the total synthesis of pleuromutilins that provides access to diverse derivatives bearing alterations at previously inaccessible skeletal and peripheral positions. The synthesis is enabled by the serendipitous discovery of a vinylogous Wolff rearrangement, which serves to establish the C9 quaternary centre in the targets, and the development of a highly diastereoselective butynylation of an α-quaternary aldehyde, which forms the C14 secondary alcohol. The versatility of the route is demonstrated through the synthesis of seventeen structurally distinct derivatives, with many possessing potent antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Goethe
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mikaela DiBello
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kaliyamoorthy A, Rayaroth A, Elikkottil A, Chithra MJ, A. V. K, Reddy VS. Regioselective Allenylation and Propargylation of Various para-Quinone Methides Using Alkynyl Azaarenes as Pronucleophile. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10671-10674. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a Brønsted base-mediated regioselective allenylation and propargylation of various para-quinone methides using unfunctionalized 2-alkynyl azaarenes as the pronucleophile. The appropriate choice of a base provides an opportunity...
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi X, Li S, Reiß M, Spannenberg A, Holtrichter-Rößmann T, Reiß F, Beweries T. 1-Zirconacyclobuta-2,3-dienes: synthesis of organometallic analogs of elusive 1,2-cyclobutadiene, unprecedented intramolecular C-H activation, and reactivity studies. Chem Sci 2021; 12:16074-16084. [PMID: 35024129 PMCID: PMC8672727 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06052j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure, bonding, and reactivity of small, highly unsaturated ring systems is of fundamental interest for inorganic and organic chemistry. Four-membered metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes, also referred to as metallacycloallenes, are among the most exotic examples for ring systems as these represent organometallic analogs of 1,2-cyclobutadiene, the smallest cyclic allene. Herein, the synthesis of the first examples of 1-zirconacyclobuta-2,3-dienes of the type [Cp'2Zr(Me3SiC3SiMe3)] (Cp'2 = rac-(ebthi), (ebthi = 1,2-ethylene-1,1'-bis(η5-tetrahydroindenyl)) (2a); rac-Me2Si(thi)2, thi = (η5-tetrahydroindenyl), (2b)) is presented. Both complexes undergo selective thermal C-H activation at the 7-position of the ansa-cyclopentadienyl ligand to produce a new type of "tucked-in" zirconocene system, 3a and 3b, that possesses a η3-propargyl/allenyl ligand. Both types of complexes react with carbonyl compounds, producing enynes in the case of 2a and 2b, as well as η1-allenyl complexes for 3a and 3b. Computational analysis of the structure and bonding of 2a and 3a reveals significant differences to a previously described related Ti complex. All complexes were fully characterised, including X-ray crystallography and experimental results were supported by DFT analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Shi
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Sihan Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Melanie Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | | | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu J, Durham AC, Wang Y, Corcoran JC, Zuo XD, Geib SJ, Wang YM. Regiocontrolled Coupling of Alkynes and Dipolar Reagents: Iron-Mediated [3 + 2] Cycloadditions Revisited. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Austin C. Durham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - James C. Corcoran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xiao-Dong Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Steven J. Geib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martínez AR, Morales LP, Ojeda ED, Rodríguez MC, Rodríguez-García I. The Proven Versatility of Cp 2TiCl. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1311-1329. [PMID: 33147037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, titanocene monochloride has been postulated as a monoelectronic transfer reagent capable of catalyzing an important variety of chemical transformations. In this Perspective, our contributions to this growing field of research are summarized and analyzed. Especially known have been our contributions in C-C bond formation reactions, hydrogen-atom transfer from water to radicals, and isomerization reactions, as well as the development of a catalytic cycle that has subsequently allowed the preparation of a great variety of natural terpenes. It is also worth mentioning our contribution in the postulation of this single-electron transfer agent (SET) as a new green catalyst with a broad range of applications in organic and organometallic chemistry. The most significant catalytic processes developed by other research groups are also briefly described, with special emphasis on the reaction mechanisms involved. Finally, a reflection is made on the future trends in the research of this SET, aimed at consolidating this chemical as a new green reagent that will be widely used in fine chemistry, green chemistry, and industrial chemical processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rosales Martínez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Laura Pozo Morales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Emilio Díaz Ojeda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Castro Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mashima K. Redox-Active α-Diimine Complexes of Early Transition Metals: From Bonding to Catalysis. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sudha AJ, Aslam NA, Sandhu A, Yasuda M, Baba A, Babu SA. Synthesis of β-cyanoalanine and enantiomerically enriched aspartate derivatives via the Zn- or In-mediated nucleophilic addition to α-imino esters. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Torres‐García I, López‐Martínez JL, Martínez‐Martínez R, Oltra JE, Muñoz‐Dorado M, Rodríguez‐García I, Álvarez‐Corral M. The half‐sandwich titanocene CpTi
III
Cl
2
as efficient system for the preparation of 2,5‐dihydrofurans
via
α‐allenols. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - J. Enrique Oltra
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada Granada E18071 Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li FS, Chen YQ, Lin SJ, Shi CZ, Li XY, Sun YC, Guo ZW, Shi L. Visible-light-mediated Barbier allylation of aldehydes and ketones via dual titanium and photoredox catalysis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00171f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a photocatalytic Barbier-type allylation of various aldehydes and ketones with allyl halides for the synthesis of homoallylic alcohols driven by dual titanium and photoredox catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-sheng Li
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yu-qing Chen
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Shuang-jie Lin
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Cai-zhe Shi
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xi-yu Li
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yu-chen Sun
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Zhuo-wen Guo
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dalian University of Technology
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian
- China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin S, Chen Y, Li F, Shi C, Shi L. Visible-light-driven spirocyclization of epoxides via dual titanocene and photoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 11:839-844. [PMID: 34123060 PMCID: PMC8146098 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the synergistic utilization of titanocene/photoredox dual catalysis driven by visible light for the radical opening/spirocyclization of easily accessible epoxyalkynes. This environmentally benign process uses the organic donor-acceptor fluorophore 2,4,5,6-tetra(9H-carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile (4CzIPN) as a photocatalyst and Hantzsch ester (HE) as an electron donor instead of stoichiometric metallic reductants. The photocatalytic conditions showed exceptionally high reactivity for the synthesis of privileged and synthetically challenging spirocycles featuring a spiro all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies suggest that Cp2TiIIICl is the catalytically active species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Lin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Fusheng Li
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Caizhe Shi
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Lei Shi
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Roldan-Molina E, Padial NM, Lezama L, Oltra JE. CpTiCl 2
, an Improved Titanocene(III) Catalyst in Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Roldan-Molina
- Department of Organic Chemistry.; University of Granada; Campus Fuentenueva s/n, E -18071 Granada Spain
| | - Natalia M. Padial
- Department of Organic Chemistry.; University of Granada; Campus Fuentenueva s/n, E -18071 Granada Spain
| | - Luis Lezama
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and BCMaterials. University of the Basque Country. UPV/EHU; 48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - J. Enrique Oltra
- Department of Organic Chemistry.; University of Granada; Campus Fuentenueva s/n, E -18071 Granada Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gupta N, Tak R, Nazish M, Jakhar A, Khan NUH, Kureshy RI. Copper(II) Triflate Catalyzed Regioselective and Enantioselective Propargylation of Isatin Derivatives by Using Allenylboronic Acid Pinacol Ester. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Gupta
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar- Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| | - Rajkumar Tak
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar- Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| | - Mohd Nazish
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar- Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| | - Ajay Jakhar
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar- Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| | - Noor-ul H. Khan
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar- Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| | - Rukhsana I. Kureshy
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar- Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B. Marg 364 002 Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nagae H, Kundu A, Tsurugi H, Mashima K. Propargylic C(sp3)–H Bond Activation for Preparing η3-Propargyl/Allenyl Complexes of Yttrium. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Nagae
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Abhinanda Kundu
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Castro Rodríguez M, Rodríguez García I, Rodríguez Maecker RN, Pozo Morales L, Oltra JE, Rosales Martínez A. Cp2TiCl: An Ideal Reagent for Green Chemistry? Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Castro Rodríguez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Pozo Morales
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
| | - J. Enrique Oltra
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosales Martínez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
- Petrochemical
Engineering, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, 050150 Latacunga, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wen Y, Chen G, Huang S, Tang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y. The Barbier-Grignard-Type Arylation of Ketones and Unexpected Cross-Coupling of Phenolic Ketones using Unactivated Aryl Bromides. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
17
|
Ruiz-Muelle AB, Oña-Burgos P, Ortuño MA, Oltra JE, Rodríguez-García I, Fernández I. Unprecedented Spectroscopic and Computational Evidence for Allenyl and Propargyl Titanocene(IV) Complexes: Electrophilic Quenching of Their Metallotropic Equilibrium. Chemistry 2016; 22:2427-39. [PMID: 26786999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and structural characterization of allenyl titanocene(IV) [TiClCp2 (CH=C=CH2 )] 3 and propargyl titanocene(IV) [TiClCp2 (CH2 -C≡C-(CH2 )4 CH3 )] 9 have been described for the first time. Advanced NMR methods including diffusion NMR methods (diffusion pulsed field gradient stimulated spin echo (PFG-STE) and DOSY) have been applied and established that these organometallics are monomers in THF solution with hydrodynamic radii (from the Stokes-Einstein equation) of 3.5 and 4.1 Å for 3 and 9, respectively. Full (1) H, (13) C, Δ(1) H, and Δ(13) C NMR data are given, and through the analysis of the Ramsey equation, the first electronic insights into these derivatives are provided. In solution, they are involved in their respective metallotropic allenyl-propargyl equilibria that, after quenching experiments with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, and protonating agents, always give the propargyl products P (when carbonyls are employed), or allenyl products A (when a proton source is added) as the major isomers. In all the cases assayed, the ratio of products suggests that the metallotropic equilibrium should be faster than the reactions of 3 and 9 with electrophiles. Indeed, DFT calculations predict lower Gibbs energy barriers for the metallotropic equilibrium, thus confirming dynamic kinetic resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Ruiz-Muelle
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain
| | - Manuel A Ortuño
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C.n, Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455-0431, USA
| | - J Enrique Oltra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-García
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain. .,BITAL, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bichovski P, Haas TM, Keller M, Streuff J. Direct conjugate alkylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls by TiIII-catalysed reductive umpolung of simple activated alkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5673-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02631h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The title reaction leads to 1,6-difunctionalized products without the requirement of premetallated reagents. Details on scope, selectivity and mechanism are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Plamen Bichovski
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Thomas M. Haas
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Manfred Keller
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yamashita Y, Cui Y, Xie P, Kobayashi S. Zinc Amide Catalyzed Regioselective Allenylation and Propargylation of Ketones with Allenyl Boronate. Org Lett 2015; 17:6042-5. [PMID: 26623547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Zinc amide catalyzed, regioselective allenylation and propargylation of ketones with allenyl boronate is reported. Tertiary allenyl and homopropargyl alcohols were obtained, respectively, in high selectivities, from the same starting materials, simply by changing the reaction conditions. The substrate scope was wide. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reactions are controlled under kinetic and thermodynamic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Peizhong Xie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Streuff J, Feurer M, Frey G, Steffani A, Kacprzak S, Weweler J, Leijendekker LH, Kratzert D, Plattner DA. Mechanism of the TiIII-Catalyzed Acyloin-Type Umpolung: A Catalyst-Controlled Radical Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14396-405. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Feurer
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Frey
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alberto Steffani
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylwia Kacprzak
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Weweler
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leonardus H. Leijendekker
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar A. Plattner
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The Renaissance of an Old Problem: Highly Regioselective Carboxylation of 2-Alkynyl Bromides with Carbon Dioxide. Chemistry 2015; 21:17224-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
22
|
Rosales A, Rodríguez-García I, Muñoz-Bascón J, Roldan-Molina E, Padial NM, Morales LP, García-Ocaña M, Oltra JE. The Nugent Reagent: A Formidable Tool in Contemporary Radical and Organometallic Chemistry. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
23
|
Aslam NA, Babu SA, Rani S, Mahajan S, Solanki J, Yasuda M, Baba A. Diastereoselective Construction of 3-Aminooxindoles with Adjacent Stereocenters: Stereocontrolled Addition of γ-Substituted Allylindiums to Isatin Ketimines. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Bichovski P, Haas TM, Kratzert D, Streuff J. Synthesis of Bridged Benzazocines and Benzoxocines by a Titanium-Catalyzed Double-Reductive Umpolung Strategy. Chemistry 2014; 21:2339-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
25
|
Gianino JB, Campos CA, Lepore AJ, Pinkerton DM, Ashfeld BL. Redox and Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis: A Titanocene/Zinc Catalytic Platform in the Development of Multicomponent Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:12083-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501890z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Gianino
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Catherine A. Campos
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Antonio J. Lepore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - David M. Pinkerton
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brandon L. Ashfeld
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Streuff J. Reductive umpolung reactions with low-valent titanium catalysts. CHEM REC 2014; 14:1100-13. [PMID: 25234255 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of similarly polarized carbon fragments can be achieved by a reductive umpolung strategy. This gives access to compounds with functional groups in even bond distances, which are difficult to synthesize by other means. Low-valent titanium catalysts enable such couplings under mild conditions. This account covers the recent progress on this topic with a focus on the development of cross-selective coupling reactions and stereoselective examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rosales A, Muñoz-Bascón J, Roldan-Molina E, Castañeda MA, Padial NM, Gansäuer A, Rodríguez-García I, Oltra JE. Selective Reduction of Aromatic Ketones in Aqueous Medium Mediated by Ti(III)/Mn: A Revised Mechanism. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7672-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501141y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rosales
- Centro
de Investigación, Estudios y Desarrollo de Ingeniería
(CIEDI); Ingeniería Agroindustrial y Alimentos, Universidad de las Américas, 170513 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan Muñoz-Bascón
- Departamento
Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Roldan-Molina
- Departamento
Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Mayra A. Castañeda
- Centro
de Investigación, Estudios y Desarrollo de Ingeniería
(CIEDI); Ingeniería Agroindustrial y Alimentos, Universidad de las Américas, 170513 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Natalia M. Padial
- Departamento
Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut
für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - J. Enrique Oltra
- Departamento
Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Alcaide B, Almendros P, Quirós MT, Lázaro C, Torres MR. Three-step metal-promoted allene-based preparation of bis(heterocyclic) cyclophanes from carbonyl compounds. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6244-55. [PMID: 24910897 DOI: 10.1021/jo500993x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward metal-mediated method for the synthesis of bis(dihydrofuryl) cyclophane scaffolds from carbonyl compounds has been developed. The combination of the dihydrofuran moiety with different heterocycles such as β-lactams and sugars allows high levels of skeletal diversity. The process comprises indium-promoted one-pot carbonyl bis(allenylation) and gold- or palladium-catalyzed double cyclization in the resulting bis(allenols), followed by selective ruthenium-catalyzed macrocyclization. In some cases, the method has been successfully applied to the synthesis of the challenging Z-isomers. The E- versus Z-stereochemistry of the metathesis-formed double bonds could not be assigned taking into consideration the usual coupling constants criteria, but a diagnostic based on the chemical shifts of the two olefinic protons located at the macrocyclic double bond was established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benito Alcaide
- Grupo de Lactamas y Heterociclos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ho CY, He L. Medium-Sized Heterocycle Synthesis by the Use of Synergistic Effects of Ni-NHC and γ-Coordination in Cycloisomerization. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11873-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5008477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Ho
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China (SUSTC), Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
- Center
of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Kong Kong
| | - Lisi He
- Center
of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Kong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mukherjee S, Roy R, Chandra Roy S. Titanocene(III) Chloride Mediated Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Tetrahydrofurans and a Spirolactone by Tandem Radical Reactions. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201400097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
31
|
Morcillo SP, Martínez-Peragón Á, Jakoby V, Mota AJ, Kube C, Justicia J, Cuerva JM, Gansäuer A. Highly regioselective and chemoselective titanocene mediated Barbier-type allylation reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2211-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49230c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New titanocene(iii) has been developed for chemoselective α-regioselective Barbier-type reactions, constituting the first titanocene(iii) able to tolerate epoxides and readily reduced carbonyl compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara P. Morcillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | | | - Verena Jakoby
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Antonio J. Mota
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Christian Kube
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - José Justicia
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Juan M. Cuerva
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
A simple and efficient copper oxide-catalyzed Barbier–Grignard reaction of unactivated aryl or alkyl bromides with ester. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
33
|
Muñoz-Bascón J, Hernández-Cervantes C, Padial NM, Álvarez-Corral M, Rosales A, Rodríguez-García I, Oltra JE. Ti-Catalyzed Straightforward Synthesis of Exocyclic Allenes. Chemistry 2013; 20:801-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
34
|
Wisniewska HM, Jarvo ER. Enantioselective Propargylation and Allenylation Reactions of Ketones and Imines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11629-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4019107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M. Wisniewska
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Jarvo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cangönül A, Behlendorf M, Gansäuer A, van Gastel M. Radical-Based Epoxide Opening by Titanocenes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11859-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401403a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asli Cangönül
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Maike Behlendorf
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk
Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk
Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Aslam NA, Babu SA, Sudha AJ, Yasuda M, Baba A. Chelation-controlled diastereoselective construction of N-aryl-, N-acyl/tosylhydrazono β-substituted aspartate derivatives via Barbier-type reaction. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
37
|
Frey G, Luu HT, Bichovski P, Feurer M, Streuff J. Praktische Titan(III)-katalysierte Synthese von cyclischen Aminoketonen und Pyrrolidinonen - Entwicklung einer formalen [4+1]-Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
38
|
Frey G, Luu HT, Bichovski P, Feurer M, Streuff J. Convenient Titanium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Cyclic Aminoketones and Pyrrolidinones-Development of a Formal [4+1] Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7131-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
39
|
Umpolung of Hemiaminals: Titanocene-Catalyzed Dehydroxylative Radical Coupling Reactions with Activated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201210088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
40
|
Zheng X, Dai XJ, Yuan HQ, Ye CX, Ma J, Huang PQ. Umpolung of Hemiaminals: Titanocene-Catalyzed Dehydroxylative Radical Coupling Reactions with Activated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3494-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201210088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
41
|
Fleury LM, Kosal AD, Masters JT, Ashfeld BL. Cooperative titanocene and phosphine catalysis: accelerated C-X activation for the generation of reactive organometallics. J Org Chem 2012; 78:253-69. [PMID: 23094703 DOI: 10.1021/jo301726v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study presented herein describes a reductive transmetalation approach toward the generation of Grignard and organozinc reagents mediated by a titanocene catalyst. This method enables the metalation of functionalized substrates without loss of functional group compatibility. Allyl zinc reagents and allyl, vinyl, and alkyl Grignard reagents were generated in situ and used in the addition to carbonyl substrates to provide the corresponding carbinols in yields up to 99%. It was discovered that phosphine ligands effectively accelerate the reductive transmetalation event to enable the metalation of C-X bonds at temperatures as low as -40 °C. Performing the reactions in the presence of chiral diamines and amino alcohols led to the enantioselective allylation of aldehydes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Fleury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|