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Thorley KJ, Nielsen CB. Conformational Analysis of Conjugated Organic Materials: What Are My Heteroatoms Really Doing? Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300773. [PMID: 38598306 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor small molecules and polymers often incorporate heteroatoms into their chemical structures to affect the electronic properties of the material. A particular design philosophy has been to use these heteroatoms to influence torsional potentials, since the overlap of adjacent π-orbitals is most efficient in planar systems and is critical for charge delocalization in these systems. Since these design rules became popular, the messages from the earlier works have become lost in a sea of reports of "conformational locks", where the non-covalent interactions have relatively small contributions to planarizing torsional potentials. Greater influences can be found in the stabilization by extended conjugation, consideration of steric repulsion, and the interactions involving solubilizing chains and neighboring molecules or polymer chains in condensed phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Thorley
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
| | - Christian B Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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2
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Ejaz I, Ahsan F, Asif M, Ayub K. Polaronic state of conducting oligomer as a new approach to design non-lieaner optical materials: A case study of oligofurans. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123288. [PMID: 37634328 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The geometric, electronic and nonlinear optical properties of neutral and polaron based oligofurans are studied comparatively. We have reported the role of polaron to trigger the nonlinear optical response of oligofurans (nFu). The polaron based oligomers show excellent opto-electronic properties. The effect of polaron on nFu* chains is measured by electronic properties i.e (ionization energy, electron affinity, band gap) and global reactivity descriptors like softness, hardness and chemical potential than their neutral counterpart. An interesting trends of reactivity descriptors have been observed. Lower band gaps (EH-L = 4.66 and 4.41 eV) are observed for polaronic systems as compared to their neutral counterpart. On the other hand, the TD-DFT study further demonstrated that, as the size of chain increases, the absorption maxima (λmax) also increases with significant reduction in excitation energies (ΔE). Furthermore, the nonlinear optical response is confirmed through the linear polarizability (αo), static first order hyperpolarizability (βo) and dynamic (frequency denepndent) hyperpolarizability. Electric filed induced second harmonic generation (EFISHG) and electro-optic pockle effect (EOPE) at 532 nm and 1064 nm, commonly used lasers frequencies have also been employed. Our results showed that the maximum hyperpolarizabilities are observed for polaron based 7Fu* and 9Fu* i.e 1.3 × 104, and 3.1 × 104 au. This study concluded that these polaron based organic polymers (nFu*) are useful as an efficient NLO material with vast applications in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Ejaz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK 22060, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Ahsan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK 22060, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Asif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK 22060, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK 22060, Pakistan.
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3
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Wei Z, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang T, Zhao Z, Zhu S. De Novo Synthesis of α-Oligo(arylfuran)s and Its Application in OLED as Hole-Transporting Material. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203444. [PMID: 36517415 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuning the photophysical properties of π-conjugated oligomers by functionalization of skeleton, to achieve an optically and electronically advantageous building block for organic semiconductor materials is a vital yet challenging task. In this work, a series of structurally well-defined polyaryl-functionalized α-oligofurans, in which aryl groups are introduced precisely into each of the furan units, are rapidly and efficiently synthesized by de novo metal-free synthesis of α-bi(arylfuran) monomers for the first time. This new synthetic strategy nicely circumvents the cumbersome substituent introduction process in the later stage by the preinstallation of the desired aryl groups in the starting material. The characterization of α-oligo(arylfuran)s demonstrates that photoelectric properties of coplanar α-oligo(arylfuran)s can be tuned through varying aryl groups with different electrical properties. These novel α-oligo(arylfuran)s have good hole transport capacity and can function as hole-transporting layers in organic light-emitting diodes, which is indicative of significant breakthrough in the application of α-oligofurans materials in OLEDs. And our findings offer an avenue for the ingenious use of α-oligo(arylfuran)s as p-type organic semiconductors for OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuwen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and, Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of, Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and, Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of, Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and, Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of, Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Optical Spectra of Oligofurans: A Theoretical Approach to the Transition Energies, Reorganization Energies, and the Vibronic Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237163. [PMID: 34885747 PMCID: PMC8659192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is experimental evidence of high vibronic activity that accompanies the allowed transition between the ground state and the lowest electronic singlet excited state of oligofurans that contain two, three, and four furan rings. The absorption and emission spectra of the three lowest oligofurans measured at liquid nitrogen temperature show distinct fine structures that are reproduced using the projection-based model of vibronic coupling (with Dushinsky rotation included) parameterized utilizing either Density Functional Theory (DFT, with several different exchange-correlation functionals) or ab initio (CC2) quantum chemistry calculations. Using as a reference the experimental data concerning the electronic absorption and fluorescence for the eight lowest oligofurans, we first analyzed the performance of the exchange-correlation functionals for the electronic transition energies and the reorganization energies. Subsequently, we used the best functionals alongside with the CC2 method to explore how the reorganization energies are distributed among the totally symmetric vibrations, identify the normal modes that dominate in the fine structures present in the absorption and emission bands, and trace their evolution with the increasing number of rings in the oligofuran series. Confrontation of the simulated spectra with the experiment allows for the verification of the performance of the selected DFT functionals and the CC2 method.
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Varni AJ, Kawakami M, Kramer SN, Rice M, Geib SJ, Peteanu LA, Kowalewski T, Noonan KJT. Investigating the impact of regiochemistry in ester functionalized polyfurans. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Varni
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Manami Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Stephanie N. Kramer
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Megan Rice
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Steven J. Geib
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Linda A. Peteanu
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Tomasz Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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6
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Fritze L, Fest M, Helbig A, Bischof T, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Finze M, Helten H. Boron-Doped α-Oligo- and Polyfurans: Highly Luminescent Hybrid Materials, Color-Tunable through the Doping Density. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Fritze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fest
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Helbig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bischof
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Perkins MA, Cline LM, Tschumper GS. Torsional Profiles of Thiophene and Furan Oligomers: Probing the Effects of Heterogeneity and Chain Length. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6228-6237. [PMID: 34240869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c04714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of the torsional profiles of 55 unique oligomers composed of two to four thiophene and/or furan rings (n = 2 to 4) has been conducted using three density functional theory (DFT) methods along with MP2 and three different coupled-cluster methods. Two planar or quasi-planar minima were identified for each n = 2 oligomer system. In every case, the torsional angle (τ) between the heteroatoms about the carbon-carbon bond connecting the two rings is at or near 180° for the global minimum and 0° for the local minimum, referred to as anti and syn conformations, respectively. These oligomers have rotational barrier heights ranging from ca. 2 kcal mol-1 for 2,2'-bithiophene to 4 kcal mol-1 for 2,2'-bifuran, based on electronic energies computed near the CCSD(T) complete basis set (CBS) limit. The corresponding rotational barrier for the heterogeneous 2-(2-thienyl)furan counterpart falls approximately halfway between those values. The energy differences between the minima are approximately 2 and 0.4 kcal mol-1 for the homogeneous 2,2'-bifuran and 2,2'-bithiophene, respectively, whereas the energy difference between the planar local and global minima (at τ = 0 and 180°, respectively) is only 0.3 kcal mol-1 for 2-(2-thienyl)furan. Extending these three oligomers by adding one or two additional thiophene and/or furan rings resulted in only minor changes to the torsional profiles when rotating around the same carbon-carbon bond as the two-ring profiles. Relative energy differences between the syn and anti conformations were changed by no more than 0.4 kcal mol-1 for the corresponding n = 3 and 4 oligomers, while the rotational barrier height increased by no more than 0.8 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan A Perkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States
| | - Laura M Cline
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States
| | - Gregory S Tschumper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States
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8
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Che Y, Perepichka DF. Quantifying Planarity in the Design of Organic Electronic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1364-1373. [PMID: 33021029 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Planarity is essential for many organic electronic materials as it maximizes the intramolecular π-orbital overlap and enables efficient intermolecular interactions through π-stacking. We propose a statistical way of quantifying the planarity of a wide range of conjugated systems. The quantification takes into account all torsional conformations and their relative contribution to the overall structural disorder, through a planarity index ⟨cos2 ϕ⟩. The propensity for planarization and the effect of rotational disorder were examined for a series of commonly used building blocks. The application of the analysis to extended conjugated systems and the correlations between the gas-phase ⟨cos2 ϕ⟩ and crystallographically observed planarity in the solid state were explored. Our calculations also reveal a previously unrecognized effect of increasing band gap upon planarization for conjugated systems coupling strong electron donor and acceptor units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Che
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
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9
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Riensch NA, Fest M, Fritze L, Helbig A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Helten H. Bifuran-bridged bisboranes: highly luminescent B-doped oligohetarenes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04297h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron-doping of oligohetarenes – via classical metathesis or silicon/boron exchange routes – led to strongly luminescent and twofold reversibly reducible oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Alexander Riensch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fest
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lars Fritze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Helbig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Varni AJ, Kawakami M, Tristram-Nagle SA, Yaron D, Kowalewski T, Noonan KJT. Design, synthesis, and properties of a six-membered oligofuran macrocycle. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00084e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this report, the synthesis and properties of an ester-functionalized macrocyclic sexifuran (C6FE) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manami Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
| | | | - David Yaron
- Department of Chemistry
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
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11
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Che Y, Perepichka DF. Quantifying Planarity in the Design of Organic Electronic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Che
- Department of Chemistry McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
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12
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13
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Varni AJ, Fortney A, Baker MA, Worch JC, Qiu Y, Yaron D, Bernhard S, Noonan KJT, Kowalewski T. Photostable Helical Polyfurans. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8858-8867. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Varni
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Andria Fortney
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Matthew A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Joshua C. Worch
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - David Yaron
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Tomasz Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
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14
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Raychev D, Seifert G, Sommer JU, Guskova O. A comparative analysis of symmetric diketopyrrolopyrrole-cored small conjugated molecules with aromatic flanks: From geometry to charge transport. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:2526-2538. [PMID: 30306613 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives are promising compounds for application in organic electronics. Here, we investigate several symmetrical N-unsubstituted and N-methyl substituted DPPs which differ in the heteroatom in the aromatic flanks. The conformational, electronic, and optical properties are characterized for single molecules in vacuum or a solvent. The intermolecular interactions are evaluated for interacting dimers. Here, a number of stacking geometries is tested, and dimers with mutual orientation of the molecules corresponding to the minimal binding energies are determined. The predicted charge carrier mobilities for stacks having minimal binding energies corroborate experimentally measured values. We conclude that DFT prediction of such stacks is a promising and computationally inexpensive approach to a rough estimation of transport properties. Additionally, the super-cell of the experimentally resolved crystal structure is used to study the dynamics and to compute the charge transport along the hopping pathways. We discuss obtained high mobilities and relate them to the symmetry of DPP core. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Raychev
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.,Institute Theory of Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Gotthard Seifert
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.,Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.,Institute Theory of Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany.,Institute of Theoretical Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Olga Guskova
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.,Institute Theory of Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
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15
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Ibanez JG, Rincón ME, Gutierrez-Granados S, Chahma M, Jaramillo-Quintero OA, Frontana-Uribe BA. Conducting Polymers in the Fields of Energy, Environmental Remediation, and Chemical–Chiral Sensors. Chem Rev 2018; 118:4731-4816. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G. Ibanez
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, 01219 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marina. E. Rincón
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 34, 62580, Temixco, MOR, Mexico
| | - Silvia Gutierrez-Granados
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Cerro de la Venada S/N, Pueblito
de Rocha, 36080 Guanajuato, GTO Mexico
| | - M’hamed Chahma
- Laurentian University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Sudbury, ON P3E2C6, Canada
| | - Oscar A. Jaramillo-Quintero
- CONACYT-Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 34, 62580 Temixco, MOR, Mexico
| | - Bernardo A. Frontana-Uribe
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca, Toluca 50200, Estado de México Mexico
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito
exterior Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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16
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Computational modelling of donor-acceptor-donor conjugated polymers based on benzothiadiazole. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Dishi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ori Gidron
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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18
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Zhang H, Zhang G, Xu J, Wen Y, Ming S, Zhang J, Ding W. Highly sensitive "turn-on" fluorescent chemical sensor for trace analysis of Cr 3+ using electro-synthesized poly(N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-l-histidine). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 191:79-87. [PMID: 28992461 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Trivalent chromium (Cr3+) can cause severely environment pollution, declining quality of edible agro-products in plants and animals, and human diseases. Poly(N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-l-histidine) (PFLH) synthesized by the direct electro-polymerization of its corresponding commercially available monomer in both boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and dichloromethane mixed system. The "turn-on" type fluorescent sensor based on PFLH displayed high sensitivity and selectivity for Cr3+ detecting. The structure of PFLH was rationally proved by 1H NMR spectra, FT-IR spectra, quantum chemical calculations, and its optical properties were characterized. The electro-synthesized PFLH exhibited a "turn-on" fluorescent response towards Cr3+, which was employed as a sensing platform for the "turn-on" fluorescent analysis of Cr3+ in a wide linear range from 5.1nM to 25μM with a low limit of detection as low as 1.7nM. The possible mechanism of fluorescent "turn-on" sensor based on PFLH for Cr3+ was proposed. The sensor displayed high sensitivity, good selectivity, satisfactory practicability, suggesting that PFLH has potential fluorescent application for "turn-on" sensing Cr3+ in agricultural environments and edible agro-products of plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
| | - Yangping Wen
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Shouli Ming
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Wanchuan Ding
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
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19
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Sahu H, Shukla R, Goswami J, Gaur P, Panda AN. Alternating phenylene and furan/pyrrole/thiophene units-based oligomers: A computational study of the structures and optoelectronic properties. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Shen L, Tang Z, Wang X, Liu H, Chen Y, Li X. Effects of aromatic substituents on the electronic structure and excited state energy levels of diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives for singlet fission. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:22997-23006. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03216e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aryl-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole-based singlet fission candidates have been designed and evaluated for extending the library of singlet fission sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhaofeng Tang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yanli Chen
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xiyou Li
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- China
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21
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Cao H, Rupar PA. Recent Advances in Conjugated Furans. Chemistry 2017; 23:14670-14675. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Cao
- Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487-0336 USA
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487-0336 USA
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22
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Zhao Z, Nie H, Ge C, Cai Y, Xiong Y, Qi J, Wu W, Kwok RTK, Gao X, Qin A, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Furan Is Superior to Thiophene: A Furan-Cored AIEgen with Remarkable Chromism and OLED Performance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1700005. [PMID: 28852618 PMCID: PMC5566239 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Furan-cored AIEgen namely tetraphenylethylene-furan (TPE-F) is developed by diyne cyclization and its fluorescent and chemical properties are investigated and compared with its thiophene analogue. Results show that furan is superior to thiophene in terms of fluorescence, chromism, and charge transport. The mechanism of chromism of TPE-F is investigated and its efficient solid-state photoluminescence and good charge-transporting property enable it to serve as light-emitting material for the construction of electroluminescence devices with excellent performance. This work not only demonstrates an efficient strategy for constructing furan-cored AIEgens but also indicates that they are promising as advanced optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute of Molecular Functional MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Division of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute NanshanShenzhen518057China
| | - Han Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Congwu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional MoleculesShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling RoadShanghai200032China
| | - Yuanjing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Yu Xiong
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute NanshanShenzhen518057China
| | - Ji Qi
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute of Molecular Functional MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Division of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
| | - Wenting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional MoleculesShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling RoadShanghai200032China
| | - Ryan T. K. Kwok
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute of Molecular Functional MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Division of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
| | - Xike Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional MoleculesShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling RoadShanghai200032China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute of Molecular Functional MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Division of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute of Molecular Functional MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Division of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute NanshanShenzhen518057China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
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23
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Cao H, Brettell-Adams IA, Qu F, Rupar PA. Bridged Difurans: Stabilizing Furan with p-Block Elements. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Cao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
| | - Ian A. Brettell-Adams
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
| | - Fengrui Qu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0036, United States
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24
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Wang S, Zhou Y, Zhu L, Zhang J, Zou Q, Zeng T, Chen W. A photochromic prototype based on difurylperhydrocyclopentene with remarkable photoswitching behavior and in vivo application. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9570-9573. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05773c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A furan-based photochromic prototype with remarkable photoswitching behavior was facilely synthesized and applied in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangshang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power
- Shanghai University of Electric Power
- Shanghai 200090
- China
| | - Yunyun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Junji Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Qi Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power
- Shanghai University of Electric Power
- Shanghai 200090
- China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation
- Shanghai Research Institute of Materials
- Shanghai 200437
- China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power
- Shanghai University of Electric Power
- Shanghai 200090
- China
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25
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Qiu Y, Fortney A, Tsai CH, Baker MA, Gil RR, Kowalewski T, Noonan KJT. Synthesis of Polyfuran and Thiophene-Furan Alternating Copolymers Using Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:332-336. [PMID: 35614730 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is intense interest in the rational design of semiconducting materials to improve organic electronics. Furan is a particularly attractive monomer for building biorenewable and biodegradable π-conjugated frameworks. In this report, regioregular head-to-tail and head-to-head poly(3-hexylfuran) were synthesized using chain-growth polycondensation. The resultant polyfurans have relatively low molecular weights but also low dispersities. The head-to-head polyfuran adopted a nearly identical coplanar backbone conformation as its head-to-tail analog in the solid state, as determined by UV-visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Extensive aggregation of the furan homopolymer during polymerization led to the investigation of an alternating furan-thiophene copolymer, confirming that furyl-based monomers can polymerize in a chain-growth manner. All of the synthesized polymers are sensitive when exposed to both oxygen and light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Andria Fortney
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Chia-Hua Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Matthew A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Roberto R. Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tomasz Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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26
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Vikramaditya T, Saisudhakar M, Sumithra K. Electronic structure of α-oligothiophenes with various substituents. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Lin K, Zhen S, Ming S, Xu J, Lu B. Synthesis and electro-optical properties of new conjugated hybrid polymers from EDOT end-capped dibenzothiophene and dibenzofuran. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01854k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two novel EDOT end-capped dibenzo five-membered ring-heterocycle hybrid polymers were synthesised and their optoelectronic properties were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Lin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Shijie Zhen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Shouli Ming
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Baoyang Lu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
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28
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Vega ME, Chen L, Khoshi MR, Casseus C, Pietrangelo A. Electrochemical polymerization of 1,4-di(aryl)cyclopentadienes: thin-film optical and electronic properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative study on the electrochemical generation and properties of (co)polymers prepared from 1,4-di(aryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclopentadienes is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Vega
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - L. Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - M. R. Khoshi
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - C. Casseus
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - A. Pietrangelo
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University-Newark
- Newark
- USA
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29
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Sahu H, Gupta S, Gaur P, Panda AN. Structure and optoelectronic properties of helical pyridine–furan, pyridine–pyrrole and pyridine–thiophene oligomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02872h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The optoelectronic properties of helical structures pyridine–furan, pyridine–pyrrole and pyridine–thiophene oligomers are explored using density functional theory methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Sahu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Shashwat Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Priyank Gaur
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Aditya N. Panda
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
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30
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Perepichka DF, Perepichka IF, Wudl F. Special Issue on Organic Electronics: In Memory of Prof. Michael Bendikov (1971-2013). Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201410008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Lee KC, Park WT, Noh YY, Yang C. Benzodipyrrolidone (BDP)-based polymer semiconductors containing a series of chalcogen atoms: comprehensive investigation of the effect of heteroaromatic blocks on intrinsic semiconducting properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:4872-4882. [PMID: 24620709 DOI: 10.1021/am405917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the effects of actual 'chalcogen atoms' on semiconducting properties for application in a variety of optoelectronic devices, a class of donor (D)-acceptor (A) polymer semiconductors, namely PBDP-Fu, PBDP-Th, and PBDP-Se, containing the recently formulated benzodipyrrolidone (BDP) accepting unit and furan (Fu), thiophene (Th), or selenophene (Se) as a donating unit has been synthesized, characterized, and used in an active layer of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). With the LUMO levels being comparatively consistent for all three polymers (-3.58 to -3.60 eV) due to the dominant BDP contribution to the polymer backbone, the HOMO energies are somewhat sensitive to the structurally distinctive feature of the donor counits used. Utilizing a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), it is apparent that further crystalline domains occur with edge-on orientation for the polymers (PBDP-Th and PBDP-Se) with relatively heavier chalcogen atoms such as Th and Se, compared with PBDP-Fu which has a rather amorphous nature. Investigation of their OFET performance indicates that all the polymers show well balanced ambipolar operations. The desirable morphological structures of both the PBDP-Th and PBDP-Se result in higher mobilities in OFETs than those of PBDP-Fu. In particular, 200 °C annealed PBDP-Se OFETs results in ambipolarity being mobile for both holes of up to 1.7 × 10(-2) cm(2)/V·s and electrodes of up to 1.9 × 10(-2) cm(2)/V·s. In addition, OFETs with PBDP-Th show nearly equivalent charge carrier mobilities for both holes (μ(h) = 1.2 × 10(-2) cm(2)/V·s) and electrons (μ(e) = 1.1 × 10(-2) cm(2)/V·s). Consequently, we systematically demonstrate how the manipulation of existing heteroaromatics can modulate the electronic properties of conjugated D-A polymers, elucidating structure-property relationships that are desirable for the rational design of next generation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Cheol Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, KIER-UNIST Advanced Center for Energy, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Banyeon-ri 100, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 689-798 South Gyeongsang, South Korea
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32
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Uchuskin MG, Molodtsova NV, Lysenko SA, Strel'nikov VN, Trushkov IV, Butin AV. Synthesis of Indoles by Domino Reaction of 2-(Tosylamino)benzyl Alcohols with Furfurylamines: Two Opposite Reactivity Modes of the α-Carbon of the Furan Ring in One Process. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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33
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Jin XH, Sheberla D, Shimon LJW, Bendikov M. Highly coplanar very long oligo(alkylfuran)s: a conjugated system with specific head-to-head defect. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2592-601. [PMID: 24437464 DOI: 10.1021/ja411842g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined monodisperse conjugated oligomers, which have planar backbones and are free from the disturbance of substituents, attract broad interest. Herein, we report a series of symmetrical, isomerically pure oligofurans, namely, the 16-mer 16F-6C6 together with the related nF-2C6 (n = 4, 6, 8). Through computational studies and detailed spectroscopic and X-ray characterization, for the first time, we show that the planarity of the furan backbone is almost unaffected by the head-to-head defect which is known to cause considerable twists in its oligo- or polythiophene analogues. We present that the properties of these rigid oligo(alkylfuran)s are strongly influenced by the conjugation length. As the longest monodisperse α-oligofuran synthesized to date, 16F-6C6 was observed to be stable and highly fluorescent. Experimental and computational studies of the redox states of these oligo(alkylfuran)s reveal that 16F-6C6 has singlet biradical (polaron-pair) character in the doubly oxidized ground state: the open-shell singlet (⟨S2⟩ = 0.989) is 3.8 kcal/mol more stable than the closed-shell dication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hui Jin
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Research Support Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 76100, Israel
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34
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Gidron O, Bendikov M. α-Oligofurane: eine aufstrebende Klasse konjugierter Oligomere für die organische Elektronik. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Gidron O, Bendikov M. α-Oligofurans: An Emerging Class of Conjugated Oligomers for Organic Electronics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2546-55. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Korshin EE, Leitus GM, Bendikov M. Convenient access to readily soluble symmetrical dialkyl-substituted α-oligofurans. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6661-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00898g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A combination of heteroatom directed lithiation/CuCl2-induced homocoupling, Wittig olefination/Pd-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation followed by Suzuki–Miyaura or Stille cross-coupling enables convenient access to dialkyl-substituted α-oligofurans of potential interest for organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward E. Korshin
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gregory M. Leitus
- Department of Chemical Research Support
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michael Bendikov
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot 76100, Israel
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37
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Zhen S, Lu B, Xu J, Zhang S, Li Y. Poly(mono-, bi- or trifuran): effect of oligomer chain length on the electropolymerization performances and polymer properties. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00437j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we demonstrated the effect of oligomer chain length on the electropolymerization and properties of the resulting polyfuran films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Zhen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Baoyang Lu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University
- Nanchang 330013, China
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38
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Gidron O, Varsano N, Shimon LJW, Leitus G, Bendikov M. Study of a bifuran vs. bithiophene unit for the rational design of π-conjugated systems. What have we learned? Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:6256-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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