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Ou Y, Wang A, Zhang F, Hu F. Dendritic Groups Substituted Kekulé‐Benzene‐Bridged Bis(triarylamine) Mixed‐valence Systems: Syntheses, Characterization and Electronic Coupling Properties. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Ping Ou
- College of Chemistry and Material ScienceHengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang Hunan 421008 P.R. China
| | - Aihui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material ScienceHengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang Hunan 421008 P.R. China
| | - Fuxing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material ScienceHengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang Hunan 421008 P.R. China
| | - Fang Hu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University Ningbo 315211 China
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2
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Schnaubelt L, Petzold H, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Lang H. A solvent- and temperature-dependent intramolecular equilibrium of diamagnetic and paramagnetic states in Co complexes bearing triaryl amines. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13180-13189. [PMID: 30178800 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Co(L)2](ClO4)2 (L = o-substituted 2-(pyridine-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolines 1a-c) containing three redox active centres (a Co2+ ion and two triaryl amine (Tara) units) have been synthesised. The order of oxidation steps in [Co(L)2](ClO4)2 (L = 1a-c) was determined using cyclic voltammetry and EPR/UV-vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry. In acetonitrile solutions, at room temperature, the first oxidation is Co-centred followed by the Tara oxidation at more anodic potentials. The order of oxidation is inverted in solutions of the less polar solvent dichloromethane. The Co3+/2+-centred redox event leads to a spin transition between the paramagnetic high-spin (HS) Co2+ and the diamagnetic low-spin (LS) Co3+ state, which was proven using 1H NMR and EPR spectroscopy. After one-electron oxidation of [Co(L)2](ClO4)2, an equilibrium between the diamagnetic [Co3+(L)]3+ and paramagnetic [Co2+(L)(L+)]3+ state in [Co(L)2]3+ (L = 1a-c) was found. Cyclic voltammetry showed enhanced intermolecular electron transfer between the [Co2+(L)2]2+ and [Co3+(L)2]3+ redox states mediated by [Co2+(L)(L+)]3+. Variable temperature vis-NIR spectroscopy of in situ generated [Co(L)2]3+ revealed a temperature-dependent redox equilibrium between the [Co3+(L)2]3+ and the [Co2+(L+)(L)]3+ states (L = 1a-c). Magnetic coupling between the HS-Co2+ ion and the Tara+ radical in [HS-Co2+(L+)(L)]3+ (L = 1a,c) was deduced from broad and undetectable lines observed in the corresponding EPR spectra. Complete oxidation to [LS-Co3+(L+)2]5+ (L = 1a,c) leads to characteristic EPR spectra of Tara biradicals with non-interacting spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schnaubelt
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Holm Petzold
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
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Bar M, Deb S, Paul A, Baitalik S. Stimuli-Responsive Luminescent Bis-Tridentate Ru(II) Complexes toward the Design of Functional Materials. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12010-12024. [PMID: 30238750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis, characterization, and photophysics of two bis-tridentate Ru(II) complexes based on a heteroditopic ligand and thoroughly studied their stimuli-responsive behaviors toward the design of functional materials. Both complexes display emission at room temperature having lifetimes in the range of 0.5-70.0 ns, depending on coligand and solvent. Substantial modulations of absorption and emission spectral behaviors of the complexes were done upon interaction with anions, and anion-induced changes in the properties lead to recognition of selected anions in both organic and aqueous media. Photophysical properties of the complexes were also tuned by changing the pH of the medium, and p Ka values in both ground and excited states were determined. The presence of free pyridine-imidazole motifs in the complexes leads to substantial modulation of the optical properties and switching of the emission properties upon interaction with selected cations as well as with protons. Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+ trigger emission quenching, while Zn2+ induces finite enhancement of the emission intensity in the complexes. In essence, modulation of the optical properties and switching of luminescence properties of the complexes were accomplished by a variety of the external stimuli such as anions, cations, protons, and pH, as well as solvent polarity. Importantly, the optical outputs in response to an appropriate set of stimuli were utilized to mimic the functions of two-input IMPLICATION, NOR, and XNOR logic gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoranjan Bar
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Sourav Deb
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Animesh Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
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Pal P, Mukherjee S, Maity D, Baitalik S. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Luminescence Switching of Diarylethene-Conjugated Ru(II)-Terpyridine Complexes by trans-cis Photoisomerization: Experimental and DFT/TD-DFT Investigation. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5743-5753. [PMID: 29701476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized and thoroughly characterized a new family of diarylethene-conjugated mononuclear Ru(II)-terpyridine complexes and investigated in detail their photophysical, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical behaviors. Interestingly, the compounds show moderately strong room-temperature luminescence predominantly from their 3MLCT state with luminescence lifetime varying between 8.43 and 22.82 ns. Because of the presence of diarylethene unit, all the monometallic complexes underwent trans-to-cis photoisomerization upon interaction with UV light with substantial changes in their absorption and luminescence spectra. Reverting back from the cis to the trans form is also made possible upon treatment with visible light or by heat. Trans-to-cis isomerization leads to almost complete quenching of luminescence, while backward cis-to-trans isomerization gives rise to restoration of the original luminescence for all the complexes. Thus, "on-off" and "off-on" emission switching was made possible upon successive interaction of the complexes with UV and visible light. Computational investigation involving density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT methods was done for proper assignment of the experimental absorption and emission spectral bands in the complexes. Finally, experimentally observed trend on the absorption and emission spectral behaviors of the complexes upon photoisomerization was also compared with the calculated results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Shruti Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Dinesh Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
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Feng J, Shao JY, Nie HJ, Gong ZL, Zhong YW. Synthesis and electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of a N , N , N' , N' -tetraphenylbenzidine-bridged bis(2,2 ' -bipyridine) ligand and diruthenium complex. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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6
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Mondal D, Biswas S, Paul A, Baitalik S. Luminescent Dinuclear Ruthenium Terpyridine Complexes with a Bis-Phenylbenzimidazole Spacer. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:7624-7641. [PMID: 28654273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A conjugated bis-terpyridine bridging ligand, 2-(4-(2,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-6-(2-(4-(2,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-6-yl)-1H-benzo[d] imidazole (tpy-BPhBzimH2-tpy), was designed in this work by covalent coupling of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine and two 4'-(p-formylphenyl)-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine units to synthesize a new series of bimetallic Ru(II)-terpyridine light-harvesting complexes. Photophysical and electrochemical properties were modulated by the variation of the terminal ligands in the complexes. The new compounds were thoroughly characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Absorption spectra of the complexes consist of very strong ligand-centered π-π* and n-π* transitions in the UV, metal-to-ligand, and intraligand charge transfer bands in the visible regions. Steady-state and time-resolved emission spectral measurements indicate that the complexes exhibit moderately intense luminescence at room temperature within the spectral domain of 653-687 nm having luminescence lifetimes in the range between 6.3 and 55.2 ns, depending upon terminal tridentate ligand and solvent. Variable-temperature luminescence measurements suggest substantial increase of the energy gap between luminescent 3metal-to-ligand charge transfer state and nonluminescent 3metal centered in the complexes compared to the parent [Ru(tpy)2]2+. Each of the three bimetallic complexes exhibits only one reversible couple in the positive potential window with almost no detectable splitting corresponding to simultaneous oxidation of the two remote Ru centers. All the complexes possess a number of imidazole NH protons, which became sufficiently acidic upon metal ion coordination. By utilizing these NH protons, we thoroughly studied anion recognition properties of the complexes in pure organic as well as predominantly aqueous media through multiple optical channels and spectroscopic methods. Finally computation investigations employing density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT were done to examine the electronic structures of the complexes and accurate assignment of experimentally observed optical spectral bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debiprasad Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sourav Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Animesh Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
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7
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Sun MJ, Zhang X, Zhong YW, Zhan C, Yao J. Tunable Self-Assembly and Morphology-Dependent Photoconductivity of a Donor-Acceptor-Structured Diruthenium Complex. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:13007-13013. [PMID: 27989151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A donor-acceptor-structured diruthenium complex, 1(PF6)4, that contains an electron-deficient bridging ligand and electron-rich distal diarylamines modified with long aliphatic chains has been synthesized. By varying the solvent environments and assembly conditions, we obtained three different self-assembled nanostructures of 1(PF6)4, including zero-dimensional nanospheres, one-dimensional nanofibers, and thin films with interconnected nanowire networks. These structures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. Conductive AFM analysis shows that the nanowire networks exhibit a high conductivity of 0.023 S/cm and an enhanced photoconductivity of 0.59 S/cm under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jia Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Mondal D, Bar M, Mukherjee S, Baitalik S. Design of Ru(II) Complexes Based on Anthraimidazoledione-Functionalized Terpyridine Ligand for Improvement of Room-Temperature Luminescence Characteristics and Recognition of Selective Anions: Experimental and DFT/TD-DFT Study. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9707-9724. [PMID: 27617341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work we report synthesis and characterization of three rigid and linear rodlike monometallic Ru(II) complexes based on a terpyridine ligand tightly connected to 9,10-anthraquinone electron-acceptor unit through phenyl-imidazole spacer. The motivation of designing these complexes is to enhance their excited-state lifetimes at room temperature. Interestingly it is found that all three complexes exhibit luminescence at room temperature with excited-state lifetimes in the range of 1.6-52.8 ns, depending upon the coligand as well as the solvent. Temperature-dependent luminescence investigations indicate that the energy gap between the emitting 3MLCT state and nonemitting metal-centered state 3MC in the complexes increased enormously compared with parent [Ru(tpy)2]2+. In addition, by taking advantage of the imidazole NH proton(s), which became appreciably acidic upon combined effect of electron accepting anthraquinone moiety as well as metal ion coordination, we also examined anion recognition and sensing behaviors of the complexes in organic, mixed aqueous-organic as well as in solid medium through different optical channels such as absorption, steady-state and time-resolved emission, and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. In conjunction with the experiment, computational investigation was also employed to examine the electronic structures of the complexes and accurate assignment of experimentally observed spectral and redox behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debiprasad Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Manoranjan Bar
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Shruti Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032, India
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9
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Sun MJ, Shao JY, Yao CJ, Zhong YW, Yao J. Osmium Bisterpyridine Complexes with Redox-Active Amine Substituents: A Comparison Study with Ruthenium Analogues. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8136-47. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jia Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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10
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Davidson R, Liang JH, Costa Milan D, Mao BW, Nichols RJ, Higgins SJ, Yufit DS, Beeby A, Low PJ. Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Single-Molecule Conductance of Bimetallic 2,3,5,6-Tetra(pyridine-2-yl)pyrazine-Based Complexes. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:5487-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Davidson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Jing-Hong Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - David Costa Milan
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Dmitry S. Yufit
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Andrew Beeby
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Paul J. Low
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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11
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Cui BB, Mao Z, Chen Y, Zhong YW, Yu G, Zhan C, Yao J. Tuning of resistive memory switching in electropolymerized metallopolymeric films. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1308-1315. [PMID: 29560217 PMCID: PMC5811141 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03345k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A diruthenium complex capped with two triphenylamine units was polymerized by electrochemical oxidation to afford metallopolymeric films with alternating diruthenium and tetraphenylbenzidine structures. The obtained thin films feature rich redox processes associated with the reduction of the bridging ligands (tetra(pyrid-2-yl)pyrazine) and the oxidation of the tetraphenylbenzidine and diruthenium segments. The sandwiched ITO/polymer film/Al electrical devices show excellent resistive memory switching with a low operational voltage, large ON/OFF current ratio (100-1000), good stability (500 cycles tested), and long retention time. In stark contrast, devices with polymeric films of a related monoruthenium complex show poor memory performance. The mechanism of the field-induced conductivity of the diruthenium polymer film is rationalized by the formation of a charge transfer state, as supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 62652950
| | - Zupan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
| | - Yuxia Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 62652950
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 62652950
| | - Gui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 62652950
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 62652950
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12
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Nie HJ, Yang WW, Zheng RH, Shi Q, Chen H, Yao J, Zhong YW. Metal Chelation-Assisted Amine–Amine Electronic Coupling through the 4,4′-Positions of 2,2′-Bipyridine. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:1272-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5024967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jing Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren-Hui Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2 Bei Yi
Jie, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Gong ZL, Zhong YW, Yao J. Conformation-determined through-bond versus through-space electronic communication in mixed-valence systems with a cross-conjugated urea bridge. Chemistry 2014; 21:1554-66. [PMID: 25421648 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bis-triarylamine 2 and cyclometalated diruthenium 6(PF6)2 with a linear trans,trans-urea bridge have been prepared, together with the bis-triarylamine 3 and cyclometalated diruthenium 8(PF6)2 with a folded cis,cis-N,N-dimethylurea bridge. The linear or folded conformations of these molecules are supported by single-crystal X-ray structures of 2, 3, and other related compounds. These compounds display two consecutive anodic redox waves (N(·+/0) or Ru(III/II) processes) with a potential separation of 110-170 mV. This suggests that an efficient electronic coupling is present between two redox termini through the cross-conjugated urea bridge. The degree of electronic coupling has been investigated by using spectroelectrochemical measurements. Distinct intervalence charge-transfer (IVCT) transitions have been observed for mixed-valent (MV) compounds with a linear conformation. The IVCT transitions can also be identified for the folded MV compounds, albeit with a much weaker intensity. DFT results support that the electronic communication occurs by a through-bond and through-space pathway for the linear and folded compounds, respectively. The IVCT transitions of the MV compounds have been reproduced by TDDFT calculations. For the purpose of comparison, a bistriarylamine and a diruthenium complex with an imidazolidin-2-one bridge and a urea-containing mono-triarylamine and monoruthenium complex have been synthesized and studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Liang Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China)
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Yao CJ, Nie HJ, Yang WW, Shao JY, Yao J, Zhong YW. Strongly Coupled Cyclometalated Ruthenium-Triarylamine Hybrids: Tuning Electrochemical Properties, Intervalence Charge Transfer, and Spin Distribution by Substituent Effects. Chemistry 2014; 20:17466-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Nie HJ, Yao CJ, Shao JY, Yao J, Zhong YW. Oligotriarylamines with a Pyrene Core: A Multicenter Strategy for Enhancing Radical Cation and Dication Stability and Tuning Spin Distribution. Chemistry 2014; 20:17454-65. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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16
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Nie HJ, Yao CJ, Sun MJ, Zhong YW, Yao J. Ruthenium-bis-terpyridine Complex with Two Redox-Asymmetric Amine Substituents: Potential-Controlled Reversal of the Direction of Charge-Transfer. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500904k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jing Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meng-Jia Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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17
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Cui BB, Shao JY, Zhong YW. Bis-Tridentate Ruthenium Complexes with a Redox-Active Amine Substituent: Electrochemical, Spectroscopic, and DFT/TDDFT Studies. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500486v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for
Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for
Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for
Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Lambert C, Wagener R, Klein JH, Grelaud G, Moos M, Schmiedel A, Holzapfel M, Bruhn T. A photoinduced mixed-valence state in an organic bis-triarylamine mixed-valence compound with an iridium-metal-bridge. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:11350-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04885g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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19
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Shao JY, Zhong YW. Tuning the electronic coupling in cyclometalated diruthenium complexes through substituent effects: a correlation between the experimental and calculated results. Chemistry 2014; 20:8702-13. [PMID: 24939832 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A common bridging ligand, 3,3',5,5'-tetrakis(N-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)biphenyl, and four terpyridine terminal ligands with various substituents (amine, tolyl, nitro, and ester groups) have been used to synthesize ten cyclometalated diruthenium complexes 1(2+) -10(2+) . Among them, compounds 1(2+) -6(2+) are redox nonsymmetric, and others are symmetric. These complexes show two Ru(III/II) processes and an intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) transition in the one-electron oxidized state. The potential separation (ΔE) of 1(2+) -10(2+) has been correlated to the energy difference ΔG(0) , the energy of the IVCT band Eop , and the ground-state delocalization coefficient α(2) . Time-dependent (TD)DFT calculations suggest that the absorptions in the visible region of 1(2+) -6(2+) are mainly associated with the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer transitions from both ruthenium ions and to both terminal ligands and the bridging ligand. However, the energies of these transitions vary significantly. DFT calculations have been performed on 1(2+) -6(2+) and 1(3+) -6(3+) to give information on the electronic structures and spin populations of the mixed-valent compounds. The TDDFT-predicted IVCT excitations reproduce well the experimental trends in transition energies. In addition, three monoruthenium complexes have been synthesized for a comparison study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)
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