1
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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Shining New Light on Biological Systems: Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8825-9014. [PMID: 39052606 PMCID: PMC11328004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging is a powerful and versatile technique for investigating cell physiology and pathology in living systems, making significant contributions to life science research and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, luminescent transition metal complexes have gained significant attention for diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, with a focus on transition metal centers with a d6, d8, and d10 electronic configuration. We elucidate the structure-property relationships of luminescent transition metal complexes, exploring how their structural characteristics can be manipulated to control their biological behavior such as cellular uptake, localization, biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Furthermore, we introduce the various design strategies that leverage the interesting photophysical properties of luminescent transition metal complexes for a wide variety of biological applications, including autofluorescence-free imaging, multimodal imaging, organelle imaging, biological sensing, microenvironment monitoring, bioorthogonal labeling, bacterial imaging, and cell viability assessment. Finally, we provide insights into the challenges and perspectives of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, as well as their use in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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2
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Wei Y, Jiang J, Jing Y, Ke Z, Zhang L. Bifunctional Ligand Enables Gold-Catalyzed Propargyl C-H Functionalization via Reactive Gold Allenylidene Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402286. [PMID: 38659404 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Gold allenylidene species have been seldom exploited as reactive intermediates in synthetically versatile catalytic reactions. By employing alkynylbenziodoxoles as the substrates and bifunctional WangPhos as the metal ligand, this work demonstrated ready catalytic access to these intermediates of general substitution patterns and their electrophilic reactivities at the γ-carbon center with a diverse range of nucleophiles. The reaction is driven by the reductive decomposition of the benziodoxole moiety and achieves the replacement of a propargylic proton with an N/O/C-based nucleophile, hence realizing reactivity umpolung. Corroborated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, the reaction mechanism involves a mild propargylic deprotonation. In contrast to prior works employing a tertiary amine functionality, a weakly BrØnsted-basic amide group in WangPhos is surprisingly effective in deprotonation at the propargylic position under a gold-ligand cooperation regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Current address, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PFCM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yaru Jing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PFCM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PFCM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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3
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Lin J, Peng F, Xie M, Xia J, Chang X, Zou C, Lu W. Dicationic Diimine Pt(II) Bis( N-heterocyclic allenylidene) Complexes: Extended Pt···Pt Chains, NIR Phosphorescence, and Chromonics. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37146284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Although square-planar Pt(II) complexes are well-known to self-assemble into supramolecules via noncovalent intermolecular Pt···Pt and/or π-π interactions, the self-assembly of dicationic Pt(II) complexes was scarce due to the electrostatic repulsive force. Herein, a series of dicationic diimine bis(N-heterocyclic allenylidene) Pt(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized. Close Pt···Pt and/or π-π contacts are observed in the crystals of these complexes. In particular, complexes 1·2PF6 and 2·2PF6 exhibit one-dimensional packing with extended Pt···Pt contacts of 3.302 and 3.240 Å, respectively. The photophysical properties of these complexes in the solution and solid state were investigated. NIR emission was recorded for complexes 1·2PF6 (λmax = 950 nm) and 2·2PF6 (λmax = 855 nm) in the solid state at 298 K. To explore the aggregate behaviors of these complexes, the counteranion PF6- was exchanged to the large lipophilic anion 2,3,4-tris(dodecyloxy)benzene sulfonate (LA-) and the hydrophilic anion Cl-. Complexes 1·2LA and 2·2LA or 1·2Cl and 2·2Cl could self-assemble with Pt···Pt and/or π-π interactions in the nonpolar or aqueous solutions as well. Further increasing the concentration of 1·2Cl and 2·2Cl in aqueous solution, chromonic mesophases with NIR emission (λmax = 988 nm) were obtained. DFT and TD-DFT calculations were performed to gain deep insight into the dication-dication packings and photophysical properties of the complexes. The σ-donating as well as π-accepting character of the N-heterocyclic allenylidene ligand endows complexes with rigid and electron-delocalized coplanar features, which are conducive to achieving the self-assembling processes associated with Pt···Pt and/or π-π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Mo Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jiuxu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Functional Coordination Material Group-Frontier Research Center, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
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4
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Sun X, Duan X, Zheng N, Song W. Gold-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Au-Allenylidene to Generate Alkylidene Ketene. Org Lett 2023; 25:2798-2805. [PMID: 37052465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
It remains a long-standing challenge to directly convert alkynes to carboxylic derivatives. Herein, a unexpectedly anti-Markovnikov oxidation of a unique Au-allenylidene pathway instead of a traditional α-oxo gold carbene routine is disclosed for in situ formation and transformation of highly unsaturated alkylidene ketenes, which are subsequently trapped by broad nucleophiles such as alcohols, phenols, water, amines, and sulfoximines to easily access α,β-unsaturated drugs and natural product derivatives by a multicomponent reaction. Based on this scenario, polyacrylate and polyacrylamide are efficiently afforded by corresponding multicomponent polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xuelun Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Wangze Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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5
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Solomatina AI, Galenko EE, Kozina DO, Kalinichev AA, Baigildin VA, Prudovskaya NA, Shakirova JR, Khlebnikov AF, Porsev VV, Evarestov RA, Tunik SP. Nonsymmetric [Pt(C^N*N′^C′)] Complexes: Aggregation‐Induced Emission in the Solid State and in Nanoparticles Tuned by Ligand Structure. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202207. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia I. Solomatina
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Ekaterina E. Galenko
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Daria O. Kozina
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Alexey A. Kalinichev
- Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research Research Park of St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Emb. 7–9 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Vadim A. Baigildin
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Natalia A. Prudovskaya
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Julia R. Shakirova
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Alexander F. Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Vitaly V. Porsev
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Robert A. Evarestov
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Sergey P. Tunik
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii av., Sankt-Peterburg, 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
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6
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Zhang Y, Wang YJ, Zou Q, Liu XY, Chen Z. Two Divergent Enyne Cycloisomerization Routes Mediated by Monoallenylidene Pd(II) Catalysts. Org Lett 2022; 24:8153-8157. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yu-Jiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zili Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
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7
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Wu MC, Liang YF, Jurca T, Yap GPA, Leung TF, Ong TG. Reactive Dicarbon as a Flexible Ligand for Transition-Metal Coordination and Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12996-13005. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chun Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Fu Liang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Titel Jurca
- Department of Chemistry and R.E.A.C.T. Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tsz-Fai Leung
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tiow-Gan Ong
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
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8
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Maisuls I, Boisten F, Hebenbrock M, Alfke J, Schürmann L, Jasper-Peter B, Hepp A, Esselen M, Müller J, Strassert CA. Monoanionic C^N^N Luminophores and Monodentate C-Donor Co-Ligands for Phosphorescent Pt(II) Complexes: A Case Study Involving Their Photophysics and Cytotoxicity. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9195-9204. [PMID: 35666659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A family of Pt(II) complexes bearing monoanionic C^N^N ligands as luminophoric units as well as a set of monodentate ligands derived from allenylidene and carbene species were synthesized and characterized in terms of structure and photophysical properties. In addition, we present the extraordinary molecular structure of a phosphorescent complex carrying an allenylidene ligand. Depending on the co-ligand, an effect can be observed in the photoluminescence lifetimes and quantum yields as well as in the radiative and radiation less deactivation rate constants. Their correlation with the substitution pattern was analyzed by comparing the photoluminescence in fluid solution at room temperature and in frozen glassy matrices at 77 K. Moreover, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the electronic states responsible for the optical properties, density functional theory calculations were performed. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated in vitro, showing that the cationic complexes exhibit strong effects at low micromolar concentrations. The calculated half-maximum effective concentrations (EC50 values) were 4 times lower in comparison to the established antitumor agent oxaliplatin. In contrast, the neutral species are less toxic, rendering them as potential bioimaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.,CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Felix Boisten
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Marian Hebenbrock
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Julian Alfke
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Lina Schürmann
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Beate Jasper-Peter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Melanie Esselen
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.,CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
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9
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Zhao S, Zhu Y, Li L, Guerchais V, Boixel J, Wong KMC. The switchable phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence of a new rhodamine-like dye through allenylidene formation in a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11056-11064. [PMID: 34522303 PMCID: PMC8386667 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02787e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A new rhodamine-like alkyne-substituted ligand (Rhodyne) was designed to coordinate a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. The chemo-induced “ON–OFF” switching capabilities on the spirolactone ring of the Rhodyne ligand with an end-capping platinum(ii) metal centre can modulate the interesting acetylide–allenylidene resonance. The long-lived 3IL excited state of Rhodyne in its ON state as an optically active opened form was revealed via steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy studies. Exceptional near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence based on a rhodamine-like structure were observed at room temperature for the first time. The position of the alkyne communication bridge attached to the platinum(ii) unit was found to vary the lead(ii)-ion binding mode and also the possible resonance structure for metal-mediated allenylidene formation. The formation of a proposed allenylidene resonance structure was suggested to rationalize these phenomena. A new rhodamine-like ligand (Rhodyne) was designed to coordinate a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. Allenylidene formation could trigger NIR phosphorescence at 740 nm originating from Rhodyne 3IL, as well as delayed fluorescence at 620 nm.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | | | | | - Keith Man-Chung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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10
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Abstract
In this contribution, we provide an overview of the main avenues that have emerged in gold coordination chemistry during the last years. The unique properties of gold have motivated research in gold chemistry, and especially regarding the properties and applications of gold compounds in catalysis, medicine, and materials chemistry. The advances in the synthesis and knowledge of gold coordination compounds have been possible with the design of novel ligands becoming relevant motifs that have allowed the preparation of elusive complexes in this area of research. Strong donor ligands with easily modulable electronic and steric properties, such as stable singlet carbenes or cyclometalated ligands, have been decisive in the stabilization of gold(0) species, gold fluoride complexes, gold hydrides, unprecedented π complexes, or cluster derivatives. These new ligands have been important not only from the fundamental structure and bonding studies but also for the synthesis of sophisticated catalysts to improve activity and selectivity of organic transformations. Moreover, they have enabled the facile oxidative addition from gold(I) to gold(III) and the design of a plethora of complexes with specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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11
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Gao Q, Peng F, Wang C, Lin J, Chang X, Zou C, Lu W. Phosphorescent Zwitterionic Pt(
II
)
N
‐Heterocyclic
Allenylidene Complexes: Metallophilicity and Ionic
Self‐Assembly
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chuanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jinqiang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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12
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Kozina DO, Shakirova JR, Galenko EE, Porsev VV, Gurzhiy VV, Khlebnikov AF, Tunik SP. Unusual Reactivity and Photophysical Properties of Platinum(II) Pincer Complexes Containing 6,6'‐Diphenyl‐2,2'‐bipyridine Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria O. Kozina
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Julia R. Shakirova
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Ekaterina E. Galenko
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Vitaly V. Porsev
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Vladislav V. Gurzhiy
- Institute of Earth Sciences St. Petersburg State University University emb. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Alexander F. Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Sergey P. Tunik
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskii pr. 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
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13
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Chen BL, Zhang Y, Lei YR, Wang HM, Chen Z. An allenylidene Au(i) catalyst derived from triazole units and its initial application. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5787-5790. [PMID: 32322850 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00429d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An allenylidene Au(i) catalyst based on triazolylidene moieties, featuring the high σ-donating ability (comparable to that of other NHC ligands) and largely enhanced π-accepting ability of its ligand, was developed for the first time. As compared with the extant gold complexes such as IPrAuCl, Ph3PAuCl and (PhO)3PAuCl, these allenylidene Au(i) catalysts exhibited superior catalytic activities in the gold-catalyzed Nazarov reaction of aryl enones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Ling Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59# Zhongguanchun street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59# Zhongguanchun street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Ya-Ru Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59# Zhongguanchun street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Hui-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59# Zhongguanchun street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Zili Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59# Zhongguanchun street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
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14
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Ghosh G, Ghosh T, Fernández G. Controlled Supramolecular Polymerization of d
8
Metal Complexes through Pathway Complexity and Seeded Growth. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1022-1033. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster Correnstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Tanwistha Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster Correnstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster Correnstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
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15
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Jazzar R, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Cyclic (Alkyl)- and (Aryl)-(amino)carbene Coinage Metal Complexes and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:4141-4168. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Michele Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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16
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Sorbelli D, Nunes dos Santos Comprido L, Knizia G, Hashmi ASK, Belpassi L, Belanzoni P, Klein JEMN. Cationic Gold(I) Diarylallenylidene Complexes: Bonding Features and Ligand Effects. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1671-1679. [PMID: 31039277 PMCID: PMC6617728 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Using computational approaches, we qualitatively and quantitatively assess the bonding components of a series of experimentally characterized Au(I) diarylallenylidene complexes (N.Kim, R.A.Widenhoefer, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 4722-4726). Our results clearly demonstrate that Au(I) engages only weakly in π-backbonding, which is, however, a tunable bonding component. Computationally identified trends in bonding are clearly correlated with the substitution patterns of the aryl substituents in the Au(I) diarylallenylidene complexes and good agreement is found with the previously reported experimental data, such as IR spectra, 13 C NMR chemical shifts and rates of decomposition together with their corresponding barrier heights, further substantiating the computational findings. The description of the bonding patterns in these complexes allow predictions of their spectroscopic features, their reactivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sorbelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto 806123PerugiaItaly
| | - Laura Nunes dos Santos Comprido
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningen, TheNetherlands
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Gerald Knizia
- Department of ChemistryPennsylvania State University401A Chemistry Bldg; University ParkPA 16802USA
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugiavia Elce di Sotto 8Perugia06123Italy
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto 806123PerugiaItaly
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugiavia Elce di Sotto 8Perugia06123Italy
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningen, TheNetherlands
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17
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Wan Q, Xia J, Lu W, Yang J, Che CM. Kinetically Controlled Self-Assembly of Phosphorescent AuIII Aggregates and Ligand-to-Metal–Metal Charge Transfer Excited State: A Combined Spectroscopic and DFT/TDDFT Study. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11572-11582. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiuxu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen 518057, China
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18
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Kim N, Widenhoefer RA. Ionization of gold (γ-methoxy)vinyl complexes generates reactive gold vinyl carbene complexes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6149-6156. [PMID: 31360421 PMCID: PMC6585879 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01574d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic gold vinyl carbene/allylic cation complexes of the form (E)-[(L)AuC(H)C(H)CAr2]+ OTf- {L = IPr, Ar = Ph [(E)-5a], L = IPr, Ar = 4-C6H4OMe [(E)-5b], L = P(t-Bu)2 o-biphenyl, Ar = 4-C6H4OMe [(E)-5c]} were generated in solution via Lewis acid-mediated ionization of the corresponding gold (γ-methoxy)vinyl complexes (E)-(L)AuC(H)C(H)C(OMe)Ar2 at or below -95 °C. Complexes (E)-5b and (E)-5c were fully characterized in solution employing multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, which established the predominant contribution of the aurated allylic cation resonance structure and the significant distribution of positive charge into the γ-anisyl rings. Complex (E)-5b reacted rapidly at -95 °C with neutral two-electron, hydride, and oxygen atom donors exclusively at the C1 position of the vinyl carbene moiety and with p-methoxystyrene to form the corresponding vinylcyclopropane. In the absence of nucleophile (E)-5a decomposed predominantly via intermolecular carbene dimerization whereas formation of 1-aryl-5-methoxy indene upon ionization of (Z)-(IPr)AuC(H)C(H)C(OMe)(4-C6H4OMe)2 [(Z)-6b] implicated an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts or electrocyclic Nazarov pathway for the decomposition of the unobserved vinyl carbene complex (Z)-[(IPr)AuC(H)C(H)C(4-C6H4OMe)2]+ OTf- [(Z)-5b].
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Kim
- French Family Science Center , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina , USA .
| | - Ross A Widenhoefer
- French Family Science Center , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina , USA .
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19
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Fernández S, González J, Santamaría J, Ballesteros A. Propargylsilanes as Reagents for Synergistic Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Propargylation of Carbonyl Compounds: Isolation and Characterization of σ‐Gold(I) Allenyl Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Jairo González
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Javier Santamaría
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Alfredo Ballesteros
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
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20
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Fernández S, González J, Santamaría J, Ballesteros A. Propargylsilanes as Reagents for Synergistic Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Propargylation of Carbonyl Compounds: Isolation and Characterization of σ‐Gold(I) Allenyl Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10703-10707. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Jairo González
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Javier Santamaría
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Alfredo Ballesteros
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e InorgánicaUniversidad de Oviedo c/ Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
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21
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Shi H, Clarkson GJ, Sadler PJ. Dual action photosensitive platinum(II) anticancer prodrugs with photoreleasable azide ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Ning H, Huang X, Yang L, Zhang J. Molecular design of organoplatinum(II) complexes through a DFT/TDDFT study: Photophysical properties and intermolecular interactions. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Ruan W, Shi C, Sung HH, Williams ID, Jia G. Synthesis and reactivity of platinum vinylcarbene complexes prepared from activation of propargyl alcohols. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Bachmann M, Fessler R, Blacque O, Venkatesan K. Towards blue emitting monocyclometalated gold(iii) complexes – synthesis, characterization and photophysical investigations. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7320-7330. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The electronic properties of cyclometalating ligands and ancillary ligands were successfully tailored to achieve blue emission in monocyclometalated gold(iii) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Reto Fessler
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Sciences
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25
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McPherson JN, Elton TE, Colbran SB. A Strain-Deformation Nexus within Pincer Ligands: Application to the Spin States of Iron(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12312-12322. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James N. McPherson
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy E. Elton
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen B. Colbran
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Li-Ki Fu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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27
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Kim N, Widenhoefer RA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of Cationic Gold Diarylallenylidene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4722-4726. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Kim
- French Family Science Center Duke University Durham NC 27708-0346 USA
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28
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of Cationic Gold Diarylallenylidene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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29
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Halliday CJV, Lynam JM. Gold-alkynyls in catalysis: alkyne activation, gold cumulenes and nuclearity. Dalton Trans 2018; 45:12611-26. [PMID: 27415145 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of cationic gold(i) species in the activation of substrates containing C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C bonds has become a valuable tool for synthetic chemists. Despite the seemingly simple label of 'alkyne activation', numerous patterns of reactivity and product structure are observed in systems employing related substrates and catalysts. The complications of mechanistic determination are compounded as the number of implicated gold(i) centres involved in catalysis increases and debate about the bonding in proposed intermediates clouds the number and importance of potential reaction pathways. This perspective aims to illustrate some of the principles underpinning gold-alkynyl interactions whilst highlighting some of the contentious areas in the field and offering some insight into other, often ignored, mechanistic possibilities based on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason M Lynam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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30
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Zou C, Lin J, Suo S, Xie M, Chang X, Lu W. Palladium(ii) N-heterocyclic allenylidene complexes with extended intercationic Pd⋯Pd interactions and MMLCT phosphorescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5319-5322. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01652f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pallas's shine: extended intercationic Pd⋯Pd contacts of 3.30 Å show distinct MMLCT transitions and low-energy emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
| | - Jinqiang Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Sa Suo
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Mo Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
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31
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Sakata K, Nishibayashi Y. Mechanism and reactivity of catalytic propargylic substitution reactions via metal–allenylidene intermediates: a theoretical perspective. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01382e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism and reactivity of transition metal-catalyzed propargylic substitution reactions are summarized from a theoretical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sakata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hoshi University
- Ebara
- Tokyo 142-8501
- Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
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32
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Robinson ME, Nazemi A, Lunn DJ, Hayward DW, Boott CE, Hsiao MS, Harniman RL, Davis SA, Whittell GR, Richardson RM, De Cola L, Manners I. Dimensional Control and Morphological Transformations of Supramolecular Polymeric Nanofibers Based on Cofacially-Stacked Planar Amphiphilic Platinum(II) Complexes. ACS NANO 2017; 11:9162-9175. [PMID: 28836765 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Square-planar platinum(II) complexes often stack cofacially to yield supramolecular fiber-like structures with interesting photophysical properties. However, control over fiber dimensions and the resulting colloidal stability is limited. We report the self-assembly of amphiphilic Pt(II) complexes with solubilizing ancillary ligands based on polyethylene glycol [PEGn, where n = 16, 12, 7]. The complex with the longest solubilizing PEG ligand, Pt-PEG16, self-assembled to form polydisperse one-dimensional (1D) nanofibers (diameters <5 nm). Sonication led to short seeds which, on addition of further molecularly dissolved Pt-PEG16 complex, underwent elongation in a "living supramolecular polymerization" process to yield relatively uniform fibers of length up to ca. 400 nm. The fiber lengths were dependent on the Pt-PEG16 complex to seed mass ratio in a manner analogous to a living covalent polymerization of molecular monomers. Moreover, the fiber lengths were unchanged in solution after 1 week and were therefore "static" with respect to interfiber exchange processes on this time scale. In contrast, similarly formed near-uniform fibers of Pt-PEG12 exhibited dynamic behavior that led to broadening of the length distribution within 48 h. After aging for 4 weeks in solution, Pt-PEG12 fibers partially evolved into 2D platelets. Furthermore, self-assembly of Pt-PEG7 yielded only transient fibers which rapidly evolved into 2D platelets. On addition of further fiber-forming Pt complex (Pt-PEG16), the platelets formed assemblies via the growth of fibers selectively from their short edges. Our studies demonstrate that when interfiber dynamic exchange is suppressed, dimensional control and hierarchical structure formation are possible for supramolecular polymers through the use of kinetically controlled seeded growth methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ming-Siao Hsiao
- UES, Inc. and Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Luisa De Cola
- ISIS and icFRC, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS , 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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33
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Chan KT, Tong GSM, Wan Q, Cheng G, Yang C, Che CM. Strongly Luminescent Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes Supported by Bidentate Ligands Displaying Intermolecular Interactions and Tunable Emission Energy. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2104-2120. [PMID: 28586132 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of charge-neutral AuIII complexes, which comprise a dicarbanionic C-deprotonated biphenyl ligand and bidentate ancillary ligands ([Au(C^C)(L^X)]; L^X=β-diketonate and relatives (O^O), quinolinolate and relatives (N^O), and diphosphino (P^P) ligands), were prepared. All the complexes are emissive in degassed CH2 Cl2 solutions and in thin-film samples with Φem up to 18 and 35 %, respectively, except for 5 and 6, which bear (N^O)-type ancillary ligands. Variation of the electronic characteristics of the β-diketonate ancillary ligand was demonstrated to be a viable route for tuning the emission color from blue-green (peak λem at ca. 466 nm for 1 and 2; 501 nm for 4 a and 4 b) to orange (peak λem at 585 nm for 3), in contrast to the common observations that the ancillary ligand has a negligible effect on the excited-state energy of the AuIII complexes reported in the literature. DFT/time-dependent (TD) DFT calculations revealed that the energies of the 3 ππ*(C^C) and the 3 ILCT(O^O) excited states (ILCT=intraligand charge transfer) switch in order on going from O^O=acetylacetonate (acac) to aryl-substituted β-diketonate ligands. Solution-processed and vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices of selected complexes were prepared. The vacuum-deposited OLED fabricated with 2 displays a sky-blue emission with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.71 % and CIE coordinates of (0.22, 0.40). The crystal structures of 7 and 9 reveal short intermolecular AuIII ⋅⋅⋅AuIII contacts, with intermetal distances of 3.408 and 3.453 Å, respectively. DFT/TDDFT calculations were performed on 7 and 9 to account for the noncovalent interactions. Solid samples of 1, 3, and 9 exhibit excimeric emission at room temperature, which is rarely reported in AuIII complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaai Tung Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
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34
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Leung SYL, Evariste S, Lescop C, Hissler M, Yam VWW. Supramolecular assembly of a phosphole-based moiety into nanostructures dictated by alkynylplatinum(ii) terpyridine complexes through non-covalent Pt···Pt and π-π stacking interactions: synthesis, characterization, photophysics and self-assembly behaviors. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4264-4273. [PMID: 29081962 PMCID: PMC5635724 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00041c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new class of platinum(ii) terpyridine complexes with a phosphole-derived bridging alkynyl ligand have been prepared. The X-ray crystal structure of complex 2 has been determined, and reveals a polymeric zig-zag chain structure with the existence of π-π stacking interactions. The photophysical properties have also been studied, with 3MLCT/3LLCT phosphorescence exhibited in degassed CH2Cl2; the energy of which is varied by the π-conjugation of the terpyridine ligands. The solvent-induced assembly of complex 1 has been studied. The incorporation of hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains has been shown to play an important role in assisting the formation of self-assembled nanostructures via Pt···Pt, π-π stacking and hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions. It has been established that an isodesmic growth mechanism operates in polar media to give nanospheres, while fibrous networks originate from the self-assembly of the complexes in non-polar media, predominantly driven by π-π stacking interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammual Yu-Lut Leung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Sloane Evariste
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes , UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 , Campus de Beaulieu , Rennes Cedex , France .
| | - Christophe Lescop
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes , UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 , Campus de Beaulieu , Rennes Cedex , France .
| | - Muriel Hissler
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes , UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 , Campus de Beaulieu , Rennes Cedex , France .
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
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35
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To WP, Tong GSM, Cheung CW, Yang C, Zhou D, Che CM. Luminescent Cyclometalated Gold(III) Alkyl Complexes: Photophysical and Photochemical Properties. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5046-5059. [PMID: 28406016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of luminescent cyclometalated gold(III) complexes having alkyls as auxiliary ligands has been prepared. The alkyl ligand was found to effectively increase the emission quantum yields and lifetimes of luminescent cyclometalated gold(III) complexes by circumventing the population of LLCT excited states that are found in complexes supported by arylacetylide ligands. These gold(III) alkyl complexes exhibit emission quantum yields and lifetimes of up to 0.40 and 180 μs, respectively, in solution at room temperature. The triplet emission color of these complexes is tunable from yellow to sky blue by modifying the cyclometalating ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Wah Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053, People's Republic of China
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36
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Cyclometallierte AuIII
-Komplexe: Synthese, Reaktivität und physikalisch-chemische Eigenschaften. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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37
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Kumar R, Nevado C. Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Physicochemical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1994-2015. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 CH-8057 Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 CH-8057 Switzerland
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38
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López-de-Luzuriaga JM, Monge M, Olmos ME. Luminescent aryl–group eleven metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2046-2067. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04386k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective highlights the recent developments in the study of the photoluminescent properties of aryl–group eleven complexes. Related properties and applications such as electroluminescence, triboluminescence, mechanochromism, luminescent liquid crystals, low molecular weight gelators and photocatalysts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnoloǵico
- 26006 – Logroño
- Spain
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnoloǵico
- 26006 – Logroño
- Spain
| | - M. Elena Olmos
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnoloǵico
- 26006 – Logroño
- Spain
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39
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Fu TF, Ao L, Gao ZC, Zhang XL, Wang F. Advances on supramolecular assembly of cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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Wang Y, Zarca M, Gong LZ, Zhang L. A C–H Insertion Approach to Functionalized Cyclopentenones. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7516-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Maxence Zarca
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Liu-Zhu Gong
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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41
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Harris RJ, Widenhoefer RA. Gold carbenes, gold-stabilized carbocations, and cationic intermediates relevant to gold-catalysed enyne cycloaddition. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4533-51. [PMID: 27146712 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00171h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cationic gold complexes in which gold is bound to a formally divalent carbon atom, typically formulated as gold carbenes or α-metallocarbenium ions, have been widely invoked in a range of gold-catalyzed transformations, most notably in the gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization of 1,n-enynes. Although the existence of gold carbene complexes as intermediates in gold-catalyzed transformations is supported by a wealth of indirect experimental data and by computation, until recently no examples of cationic gold carbenes/α-metallocarbenium ions had been synthesized nor had any cationic intermediates generated via gold-catalyzed enyne cycloaddition been directly observed. Largely for this reason, there has been considerable debate regarding the electronic structure of these cationic complexes, in particular the relative contributions of the carbene (LAu(+)[double bond, length as m-dash]CR2) and α-metallocarbenium (LAu-CR2(+)) forms, which is intimately related to the extent of d → p backbonding from gold to the C1 carbon atom. However, over the past ∼ seven years, a number of cationic gold carbene complexes have been synthesized in solution and generated in the gas phase and cationic intermediates have been directly observed in the gold-catalyzed cycloaddition of enynes. Together, these advances provide insight into the nature and electronic structure of gold carbene/α-metallocarbenium complexes and the cationic intermediates generated via gold-catalyzed enyne cycloaddition. Herein we review recent advances in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Harris
- French Family Science Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0346, USA.
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42
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Water soluble luminescent cyclometalated platinum(II) complex — A suitable probe for bio-imaging applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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43
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Yang Y, Qin A, Zhao K, Wang D, Shi X. Design and Synthesis of Alanine Triazole Ligands and Application in Promotion of Hydration, Allene Synthesis and Borrowing Hydrogen Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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44
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Li K, Ming Tong GS, Wan Q, Cheng G, Tong WY, Ang WH, Kwong WL, Che CM. Highly phosphorescent platinum(ii) emitters: photophysics, materials and biological applications. Chem Sci 2016; 7:1653-1673. [PMID: 30155012 PMCID: PMC6090519 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03766b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years a blossoming interest in the synthesis, photophysics and application of phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes, particularly on their uses in bioimaging, photocatalysis and phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), has been witnessed. The superior performance of phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes in these applications is linked to their diverse spectroscopic and photophysical properties, which can be systematically modulated by appropriate choices of auxiliary ligands. Meanwhile, an important criterion for the practical application of phosphorescent metal complexes is their stability which is crucial for biological utilization and industrial OLED applications. Taking both the luminescence properties and stability into consideration, chelating ligands having rigid scaffolds and with strong σ-donor atoms are advantageous for the construction of highly robust phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes. The square-planar coordination geometry endows Pt(ii) complexes with the intriguing spectroscopic and photophysical properties associated with their intermolecular interactions in both the ground and excited states. In this article, we discuss the design and synthesis of phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes with elaboration on the effects of ligands on the structure and luminescence properties. Based on their photophysical and emission properties, we intend to shed light on the great promise of highly robust phosphorescent Pt(ii) emitters in an array of applications from molecular materials to biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053 , China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053 , China
| | - Wai-Yip Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Wai-Hung Ang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Wai-Lun Kwong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053 , China
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45
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Zhang J, Dai G, Wu F, Li D, Gao D, Jin H, Chen S, Zhu X, Huang C, Han D. Efficient and tunable phosphorescence of new platinum(II) complexes based on the donor–π–acceptor Schiff bases. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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46
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Yang C, Mehmood F, Lam TL, Chan SLF, Wu Y, Yeung CS, Guan X, Li K, Chung CYS, Zhou CY, Zou T, Che CM. Stable luminescent iridium(iii) complexes with bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands: photo-stability, excited state properties, visible-light-driven radical cyclization and CO 2 reduction, and cellular imaging. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3123-3136. [PMID: 29997803 PMCID: PMC6003676 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excited state properties, photo-catalysis and cellular imaging of photo-stable bis-NHC Ir(iii) complexes are described.
A new class of cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes supported by various bidentate C-deprotonated (C^N) and cis-chelating bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) (bis-NHC) ligands has been synthesized. These complexes display strong emission in deaerated solutions at room temperature with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 89% and emission lifetimes up to 96 μs. A photo-stable complex containing C-deprotonated fluorenyl-substituted C^N shows no significant decomposition even upon irradiation for over 120 h by blue LEDs (12 W). These, together with the strong absorption in the visible region and rich photo-redox properties, allow the bis-NHC Ir(iii) complexes to act as good photo-catalysts for reductive C–C bond formation from C(sp3/sp2)–Br bonds cleavage using visible-light irradiation (λ > 440 nm). A water-soluble complex with a glucose-functionalized bis-NHC ligand catalysed a visible-light-driven radical cyclization for the synthesis of pyrrolidine in aqueous media. Also, the bis-NHC Ir(iii) complex in combination with a cobalt catalyst can catalyse the visible-light-driven CO2 reduction with excellent turnover numbers (>2400) and selectivity (CO over H2 in gas phase: >95%). Additionally, this series of bis-NHC Ir(iii) complexes are found to localize in and stain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of various cell lines with high selectivity, and exhibit high cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, revealing their potential uses as bioimaging and/or anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen , China
| | - Faisal Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Tsz Lung Lam
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , PR China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Sharon Lai-Fung Chan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , PR China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chi-Shun Yeung
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Xiangguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen , China
| | - Clive Yik-Sham Chung
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen , China
| | - Taotao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen , China
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47
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Zhang X, Li D, Zhou D, Jing P, Ji W, Shen D, Qu S. Dual-encryption based on facilely synthesized supra-(carbon nanodots) with water-induced enhanced luminescence. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11076b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-encrypted luminescence information has been constructed through water-jet printing and hand writing based on low cost and easily prepared supra-(carbon nanodots).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Di Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Ding Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Pengtao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Wenyu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Dezhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Songnan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
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48
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Ayoub NA, Browne AR, Anderson BL, Gray TG. Cyclometalated gold(iii) trioxadiborrin complexes: studies of the bonding and excited states. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3820-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04732c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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49
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Xiao XS, Zou C, Guan X, Yang C, Lu W, Che CM. Homoleptic gold(i) N-heterocyclic allenylidene complexes: excited-state properties and lyotropic chromonics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4983-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorescent Au(i) bis(N-heterocyclic allenylidene) complexes exhibit panchromatic transient absorption upon electronic photo-excitation and can self-organize into lyotropic chromonic mesophases in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Shan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- P. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- P. R. China
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50
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Jin L, Melaimi M, Kostenko A, Karni M, Apeloig Y, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Bertrand G. Isolation of cationic and neutral (allenylidene)(carbene) and bis(allenylidene)gold complexes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:150-154. [PMID: 28966767 PMCID: PMC5580305 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03654b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-electron reduction of a cationic (allenylidene)[cyclic(alkyl) (amino)carbene]gold(i) complex leads to the corresponding neutral, paramagnetic, formally gold(0) complex. DFT calculations reveal that the spin density of this highly robust coinage metal complex is mainly located on the allenylidene fragment, with only 1.8 and 3.1% on the gold center and the CAAC ligand, respectively. In addition, the first homoleptic bis(allenylidene)gold(i) complex has been prepared and fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Jin
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 3555) , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093-0358 , USA .
| | - Mohand Melaimi
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 3555) , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093-0358 , USA .
| | - Arseni Kostenko
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Miriam Karni
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Yitzhak Apeloig
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Curtis E Moore
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 3555) , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093-0358 , USA .
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 3555) , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093-0358 , USA .
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 3555) , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093-0358 , USA .
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