1
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Mu Y, Dai Y, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Xu LP, Tung CH, Kong L. Aromatic 1,4,2,3-Diazadiborole Featuring an Unsymmetrical B=B Entity: A Versatile Synthon for Unusual Boron Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405905. [PMID: 38771269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The replacement of a CC unit with an isoelectronic BN unit in aromatic systems can give rise to molecules and materials with fascinating properties. We report here the synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of a 1,4,2,3-diazadiborole species, 2, featuring an unprecedented 6π-aromatic BN-heterocyclic moiety that is isoelectronic to cyclopentadienide (Cp-). Bearing an unsymmetrical B=B entity, 2 exhibits reactivity toward oxidants, protic reagents, electrophiles, and unsaturated substrates. This reactivity facilitates the synthesis of a variety of novel mono- and bicyclic organoboron derivatives through mechanisms including ring retention, cleavage/recombination, annulation, and expansion. These findings reveal innovative synthetic routes to BN-embedded aromatic compounds via desymmetrization, affording unique building blocks for synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - David A Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li-Ping Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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2
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Gupta D, Einholz R, Bettinger HF. Strain induced reactivity of cyclic iminoboranes: the (2 + 2) cycloaddition of a 1 H-1,3,2-diazaborepine with ethene. Chem Sci 2024; 15:666-674. [PMID: 38179531 PMCID: PMC10763563 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Iminoboranes have gathered immense attention due to their reactivity and potential applications as isoelectronic and isosteric alkynes. While cyclic alkynes are well investigated and useful reagents, cyclic iminoboranes are underexplored and their existence was inferred only via trapping experiments. We report the first direct spectroscopic evidence of a cyclic seven-membered iminoborane, 1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-1H-1,3,2-diazaborepine 2, under cryogenic matrix isolation conditions. The amino-iminoborane 2 was photochemically generated in solid argon at 4 K from 2-azido-1-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborinine (3) and was characterized using FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, and computational chemistry. The characteristic BN stretching vibration (1751 cm-1) is shifted by about 240 cm-1 compared to linear amino-iminoboranes indicating a significant weakening of the bond. The Lewis acidity value determined computationally (LAB = 9.1 ± 2.6) is similar to that of boron trichloride, and twelve orders of magnitude lower than that of 1,2-azaborinine (BN-aryne, LAB = 21.5 ± 2.6), a six-membered cyclic iminoborane. In contrast to the latter, the reduced ring strain of 2 precludes nitrogen fixation, but it unexpectedly allows facile (2 + 2) cycloaddition reaction with C2H4 under matrix isolation conditions at 30 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divanshu Gupta
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Ralf Einholz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Holger F Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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3
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Zhu L, Kinjo R. Reactions of main group compounds with azides forming organic nitrogen-containing species. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5563-5606. [PMID: 37519098 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Since the seminal discovery of phenyl azide by Grieß in 1864, a variety of organic azides (R-N3) have been developed and extensively studied. The amenability of azides to a number of reactions has expanded their utility as building blocks not only in organic synthesis but also in bioorthogonal chemistry and materials science. Over the decades, it has been demonstrated that the reactions of main group compounds with azides lead to diverse N-containing main group molecules. In view of the pronounced progress in this area, this review summarizes the reactions of main group compounds with azides, emphatically introducing their reaction patterns and mechanisms. The reactions of forming inorganic nitrogen species are not included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhao Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
| | - Rei Kinjo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
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4
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Pearce KG, Canham EPF, Nixon JF, Crossley IR. A Benzodiphosphaborolediide. Chemistry 2021; 27:16342-16346. [PMID: 34586681 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The first example of a diphosphaborolediide, the benzo-fused [C6 H4 P2 BPh]2- (12- ), is prepared from ortho-bis(phosphino)benzene (C6 H4 {PH2 }) and dichlorophenylborane, via a sequential lithiation approach. The dilithio-salt can be obtained as an oligomeric THF solvate or discrete TMEDA adduct, both of which are fully characterized, including by X-ray diffraction. Alongside NICS calculations, data strongly suggest some aromaticity within 12- , which is further supported by preliminary coordination studies that demonstrate η5 -coordination to a zerovalent molybdenum center, as observed crystallographically for the oligomeric [{Mo(CO)3 (η5 -1)}{μ-η1 -Mo(CO)3 (TMEDA)}2 ] ⋅ [μ-Li(THF)][μ-Li(TMEDA)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Elinor P F Canham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - John F Nixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Ian R Crossley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
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5
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Škoch K, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Alkyne 1,1‐Hydroboration to a Reactive Frustrated P/B‐H Lewis Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škoch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | | | - Gerald Kehr
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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6
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Schorr F, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Braunschweig H. Dialkynyldiboranes(4) and the selectable reactivity of their C-H, C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C and B-B bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2645-2648. [PMID: 33587741 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and reactivity of dialkynyldiboranes(4), a little-studied family of diboranes, are presented herein. Three dialkynyldiboranes(4) were prepared via two different salt metathesis pathways. The three reactive sites of these dialkynyldiboranes(4) are then selectively addressed by judicious application of reagents: addition of an amine N-oxide leads to oxygen insertion into the B-B bond, dicobaltoctacarbonyl binds to the alkynyl C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C bonds, while Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling conditions lead to double C-C bond formation at the alkynyl C-H groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schorr
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany and Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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7
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Li J, Daniliuc CG, Kartha KK, Fernández G, Kehr G, Erker G. Introducing the Dihydro-1,3-azaboroles: Convenient Entry by a Three-Component Reaction, Synthetic and Photophysical Application. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2059-2067. [PMID: 33463151 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The (Fmes)BH2·SMe2 reagent (7) reacts sequentially with an acetylene and, e.g., xylylisonitrile in a convenient three-component reaction to give a series of unprecedented dihydro-1,3-azaborole derivatives 16. The tolane-derived example 16a was deprotonated and used as a ligand in organometallic chemistry. Compounds 16 served as the starting materials for the straightforward synthesis of various dihydro-1,3-azaborinine derivatives by treatment with an isonitrile. Several diaryldihydro-1,3-azaboroles showed interesting photophysical properties such as aggregation-induced emission and high fluorescence quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kalathil K Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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8
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Škoch K, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Alkyne 1,1-Hydroboration to a Reactive Frustrated P/B-H Lewis Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6757-6763. [PMID: 33306863 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Mes2 P-C≡C-SiMe3 alkyne reacts with the borane H2 B-Fmes by means of a rare 1,1-hydroboration reaction to give an unsaturated C2 -bridged frustrated P/B-H Lewis pair. Most of its reactions are determined by the presence of the B-H functionality at the FLP function and the activated connecting carbon-carbon double bond. It reduces carbon monoxide to the formyl stage. With nitriles it reacts in an extraordinary way: it undergoes a reaction sequence that eventually results in the formation of a P-substituted dihydro-1,2-azaborole derivative. Several similar examples were found. In one case a P-ylide was isolated that was related to an intermediate of the reaction sequence. It subsequently opened in an alternative way to give an alkenyl borane product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škoch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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9
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Saptal VB, Wang R, Park S. Recent advances in transition metal-free catalytic hydroelementation (E = B, Si, Ge, and Sn) of alkynes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43539-43565. [PMID: 35519696 PMCID: PMC9058465 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07768b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes the recent advances in the transition metal-free hydroelementation of alkynes with various metalloid hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitthal B. Saptal
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- China
| | - Ruibin Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- China
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- China
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- 32000 Haifa
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijinlu Road 30071 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijinlu Road 30071 Tianjin P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) 300071 Tianjin P. R. China
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11
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Wang H, Zhang J, Lin Z, Xie Z. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Carbene-Stabilized Carborane-Fused Azaborolyl Radical Cation and Dicarbollyl-Fused Azaborole. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiji Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Chen P, Cui C. Isolable Boron Persulfide: Activation of Elemental Sulfur with a 2-Chloro-Azaborolyl Anion. Chemistry 2016; 22:2902-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peixing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Cooperative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; 94 Weijinlu Road Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Cooperative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; 94 Weijinlu Road Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
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13
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Fan L, Stephan DW. PNPCB heterocycles via thermal and Lewis acid catalyzed trans-hydroborations. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9229-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01659f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of iPr2P(BH3)N3 and R2PCCR affords compounds of the form R2P(CCR)NP(BH3)iPr2 which undergo subsequent thermally induced or Lewis acid catalyzed intramolecular hydroboration to give PNPCB heterocycles R2P(CCHPh)NP(BH2)iPr2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louie Fan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- USA
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14
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Wang H, Zhang J, Lin Z, Xie Z. The synthesis and structure of a carbene-stabilized iminocarboranyl-boron(I) compound. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16817-20. [PMID: 26434636 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06818e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A carbene-stabilized iminocarboranylboron(I) compound has been synthesized and structurally characterized. Single-crystal X-ray analyses and DFT calculations show that the π back donation of the lone pair of electrons on the boron(I) center onto the π* orbital of the imine unit is crucial for removing the electron density of the boron center thereby stabilizing such species, in which the carbene serves solely as a σ donor. This work also demonstrates that imines play a similar role to that of carbenes in the stabilization of low valent boron compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
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15
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Su B, Li Y, Ganguly R, Lim J, Kinjo R. Isolation and Reactivity of 1,4,2-Diazaborole. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11274-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Su
- Division
of Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and ‡NTU-CBC Crystallography
Facility, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division
of Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and ‡NTU-CBC Crystallography
Facility, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- Division
of Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and ‡NTU-CBC Crystallography
Facility, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jenny Lim
- Division
of Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and ‡NTU-CBC Crystallography
Facility, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division
of Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and ‡NTU-CBC Crystallography
Facility, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
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