1
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Yang S, Lu K, Xiao H. Advancements in boron difluoride formazanate dyes for biological imaging. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 81:102473. [PMID: 38986292 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In the past decade, boron difluoride formazanate dyes have gained considerable attention due to their redox activity, high absorption and emission intensities, chemical stability across a broad range of conditions, and the ease to fine-tune their optical and electronic characteristics. Over the past five years, boron difluoride formazanate dyes have demonstrated their extended emission wavelengths in the near-infrared region, suggesting their potential applications in the field of biological imaging. This review provides an overview of the evolution of boron difluoride formazanate dyes, encompassing the structural variations and corresponding optical properties, while also highlighting their current applications in biological imaging fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Kang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA; SynthX Center, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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2
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Khrootkaew T, Wangngae S, Chansaenpak K, Rueantong K, Wattanathana W, Pinyou P, Panajapo P, Promarak V, Sagarik K, Kamkaew A. Heavy Atom Effect on the Intersystem Crossing of a Boron Difluoride Formazanate Complex-Based Photosensitizer: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300808. [PMID: 37926693 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemical-based treatment approach that involves using light to activate photosensitizers (PSs). Attractively, PDT is one of the alternative cancer treatments due to its noninvasive technique. By utilizing the heavy atom effect, this work modified a class of formazan dyes to improve intersystem crossing (ISC) to improve reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for PDT treatment. Two methods were used to observe the ROS generation enhanced by ISC of the synthesized complexes including, (1) recording DPBF decomposition caused by the ROS, and (2) calculating the potential energy curves for photophysical mechanisms of BF2 -formazanate dyes using the DFT and nudged elastic band (NEB) methods. The photophysical properties of the dyes were studied using spectroscopic techniques and X-ray crystallography, as well as DFT calculations. The experimental and theoretical results and in vitro cellular assays confirmed the potential use of the newly synthesized iodinated BF2 -formazanate dyes in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunyawat Khrootkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Sirilak Wangngae
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Kantapat Chansaenpak
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kasin Rueantong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Worawat Wattanathana
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Piyanut Pinyou
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Pannipa Panajapo
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Kritsana Sagarik
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
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3
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Buguis FL, Hsu NSY, Sirohey SA, Adam MC, Goncharova LV, Gilroy JB. Dyads and Triads of Boron Difluoride Formazanate and Boron Difluoride Dipyrromethene Dyes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302548. [PMID: 37725661 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Dye-dye conjugates have attracted significant interest for their utility in applications such as bioimaging, theranostics, and light-harvesting. Many classes of organic dyes have been employed in this regard; however, building blocks don't typically extend beyond small chromophores. This can lead to minor changes to the optoelectronic properties of the original dye. The exploration of dye-dye structures is impeded by long synthetic routes, incompatible synthetic conditions, or a mismatch of the desired properties. Here, we present the first-of-their-kind dye-dye conjugates of boron difluoride complexes of formazanate and dipyrromethene ligands. These conjugates exhibit dual photoluminescence bands that reach the near-infrared spectral region and implicate anti-Kasha processes. Cyclic voltammetry experiments revealed the generation of polyanionic species that can reversibly tolerate the uptake of up to 6 electrons. Ultimately, we demonstrate that BF2 formazanates can serve as a synthetically accessible platform to build upon new classes of dye-dye conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis L Buguis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London., Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Nathan Sung Y Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London., Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sofia A Sirohey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London., Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Matheus C Adam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London., Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Lyudmila V Goncharova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London., Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Joe B Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London., Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
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Hackney HE, Hall DG. Recent Advances in the Luminescence of Arylboronic Acids and their Heteroatom Condensates. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Hackney
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Centennial Centre for Interdisciplinary Science Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Current address Department of Chemistry McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Dennis G. Hall
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Centennial Centre for Interdisciplinary Science Edmonton Alberta Canada
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5
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Near-infrared-emissive π-conjugated polymers based on five-coordinated silicon formazanate complexes. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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6
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2-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-3,3-difluoro-4,6-diphenyl-3,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5,3-tetrazaborinin-2-ium-3-ide. MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction of 1-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-3,5-diphenylformazane with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (5 equiv) in the presence of triethylamine (3 equiv) in toluene medium gave “boratetrazine”—2-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-3,3-difluoro-4,6-diphenyl-3,4-dihydro -1,2,4,5,3-tetrazaborinin-2-ium-3-ide in a 58% yield.
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7
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Gon M, Ito S, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Design Strategies and Recent Results for Near-Infrared-Emissive Materials Based on Element-Block π-Conjugated Polymers. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Ito
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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8
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Kawano Y, Ito Y, Ito S, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. π-Conjugated Copolymers Composed of Boron Formazanate and Their Application for a Wavelength Converter to Near-Infrared Light. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawano
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Ito
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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9
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Buguis FL, Maar RR, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Near‐Infrared Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dyes. Chemistry 2021; 27:2854-2860. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis L. Buguis
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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10
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Tikhonov SA, Sidorin AE, Samoilov IS, Borisenko AV, Vovna VI. Photoelectron spectra and electronic structure of boron diacetate formazanates. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 238:118441. [PMID: 32403076 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure and cationic states of two 1,5-diphenylformazanes and two boron diacetate (B(OAc)2) formazanates were modeled using the outer valence Green's function (OVGF) and density functional theory (DFT) methods. Comparison of data of the OVGF and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) methods made it possible to determine an effect of functional groups and complexing agents on energies of cationic states. Addition of NO2-group at the γ-position of the chelate cycle causes stabilization of levels the five upper occupied molecular orbitals (MO) and destabilization of the bonding orbital π3Ph + π3 level. The levels of MOs π3Ph-π3 and n- are stabilized due to influence of the complexing agent B(OAc)2, with a difference in the shift of 0.67 eV. The ionization energies (In) changes for the π-orbitals of benzene rings are within the error of the OVGF method. Under methylation of phenyl groups, the differences between the calculated In, corresponding to the π-orbitals of aromatic substituents, are in good agreement with the experimental In shifts at transition from benzene to toluene. According to the OVGF method, in all the studied complexes the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is localized mainly on the chelate cycle and has a strong acceptor character, which should contribute the low-lying charge-transfer electronic excitations. Moreover, an application of the DFT analog of the Koopmans' theorem with the BHHLYP and B2PLYP functionals made it possible to determine qualitatively a sequence of cationic states and energy intervals between them in the spectral range up to 10 eV. The DFT/wB97x/cc-pVTZ method data on the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and LUMO levels correlate with the OVGF/cc-pVTZ calculation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Tikhonov
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey E Sidorin
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya S Samoilov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Department of Photonics, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandr V Borisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Russian Customs Academy, Vladivostok 690034, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy I Vovna
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
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11
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Koli MR, Labiod A, Chakraborty S, Kumar M, Lévêque P, Ulrich G, Leclerc N, Jacquemin D, Mula S. Tuning the Emission Color of Indolo[3,2‐
b
]carbazole‐Based Boron Complexes and their Application in Organic Field Effect Transistors and Bioimaging. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrunesh R. Koli
- Bio-Organic DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Amina Labiod
- Le laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube) UMR7357Université de Strasbourg-CNRS 23 rue du Loess 67037 Strasbourg France
| | | | - Mukesh Kumar
- Radiation Biology and Health Science DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Patrick Lévêque
- Le laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube) UMR7357Université de Strasbourg-CNRS 23 rue du Loess 67037 Strasbourg France
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Énergie, l'Environnement et la santé (ICPEES) UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 Rue Becquerel Strasbourg 67087 Cedex 2 France
| | - Nicolas Leclerc
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Énergie, l'Environnement et la santé (ICPEES) UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 Rue Becquerel Strasbourg 67087 Cedex 2 France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CeisamUMR 6230Université de Nantes 2, rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes, Cedex 3 France
| | - Soumyaditya Mula
- Bio-Organic DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
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12
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Gilroy JB, Otten E. Formazanate coordination compounds: synthesis, reactivity, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:85-113. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic complexes of an emerging class of chelating N-donor ligands, formazanates, offer a unique combination of structurally tunable coordination modes, redox activity, and optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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13
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Kumar C, Agrawal AR, Ghosh NG, Karmakar HS, Das S, Kumar NR, Banewar VW, Zade SS. Boron difluoride formazanates with thiophene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene capping and their electrochemical polymerization. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13202-13206. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02905j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BF2 formazanates with thiophene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene capping, prospective candidates for ambipolar semiconductors, have been synthesized and polymerized electrochemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
| | - Abhijeet R. Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
| | - Nani Gopal Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
| | - Himadri S. Karmakar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
| | - Sarasija Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
| | - Neha Rani Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
| | - Vishal W. Banewar
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- 15-Madam Cama Road
- Fort-Mumbai, Maharashtra-400032
- India
| | - Sanjio S. Zade
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741246
- India
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14
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Dhindsa JS, Melenbacher A, Barbon SM, Stillman MJ, Gilroy JB. Altering the optoelectronic properties of boron difluoride formazanate dyes via conjugation with platinum(ii)-acetylides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16133-16142. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The absorption, emission, and electrochemical properties of conjugates of boron difluoride formazanate dyes and Pt(ii)-acetylides are systematically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasveer S. Dhindsa
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Adyn Melenbacher
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | | | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
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15
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Sharma N, Barbon SM, Lalonde T, Maar RR, Milne M, Gilroy JB, Luyt LG. The development of peptide–boron difluoride formazanate conjugates as fluorescence imaging agents. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18970-18977. [PMID: 35518290 PMCID: PMC9053952 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02104k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new fluorescence imaging probes have been synthesized by incorporating a versatile alkyne-substituted boron difluoride formazanate precursor with peptides through copper-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition. The formazanate dye was appended to a C-terminal amino acid of ghrelin for imaging the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR-1a). To demonstrate versatile bioconjugation chemistry, the formazanate dye was added to the N-terminus of bombesin for targeting the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR). These are the first examples of using this emerging class of dyes, boron difluoride formazanates, for the labelling of biomolecules. Conjugation of a boron difluoride formazanate dye to receptor targeting peptides provides cancer imaging agents for fluorescence microscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | | | - Tyler Lalonde
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Mark Milne
- London Regional Cancer Program
- Lawson Health Research Institute
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Leonard G. Luyt
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program
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16
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Melenbacher A, Dhindsa JS, Gilroy JB, Stillman MJ. Unveiling the Hidden, Dark, and Short Life of a Vibronic State in a Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dye. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15339-15343. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adyn Melenbacher
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Jasveer S. Dhindsa
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Martin J. Stillman
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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17
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Melenbacher A, Dhindsa JS, Gilroy JB, Stillman MJ. Unveiling the Hidden, Dark, and Short Life of a Vibronic State in a Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dye. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adyn Melenbacher
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Jasveer S. Dhindsa
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Martin J. Stillman
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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18
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Kabir E, Mu G, Momtaz DA, Bryce NA, Teets TS. Formazanate Complexes of Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11672-11683. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - David A. Momtaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Noah A. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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20
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Maar RR, Hoffman NA, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Oxoborane Formation Turns on Formazanate‐Based Photoluminescence. Chemistry 2019; 25:11015-11019. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Nicholas A. Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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21
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Mondol R, Otten E. Aluminum Complexes with Redox-Active Formazanate Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reduction Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6344-6355. [PMID: 30978008 PMCID: PMC6506801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
synthesis of aluminum complexes with redox-active formazanate
ligands is described. Salt metathesis using AlCl3 was shown
to form a five-coordinate complex with two formazanate ligands, whereas
organometallic aluminum starting materials yield tetrahedral mono(formazanate)
aluminum compounds. The aluminum diphenyl derivative was successfully
converted to the iodide complex (formazanate)AlI2, and
a comparison of spectroscopic/structural data for these new complexes
is provided. Characterization by cyclic voltammetry is supplemented
by chemical reduction to demonstrate that ligand-based redox reactions
are accessible in these compounds. The possibility to obtain a formazanate
aluminum(I) carbenoid species by two-electron reduction was examined
by experimental and computational studies, which highlight the potential
impact of the nitrogen-rich formazanate ligand on the electronic structure
of compounds with this ligand. The synthesis of a series
of aluminum complexes with redox-active
formazanate ligands is described and crystallographic, spectroscopic,
and voltammetric characterization data are presented. The reduction
chemistry of these newly synthesized complexes has been explored and
the results are supported by a computational (DFT) study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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22
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Cappello D, Therien DAB, Staroverov VN, Lagugné-Labarthet F, Gilroy JB. Optoelectronic, Aggregation, and Redox Properties of Double-Rotor Boron Difluoride Hydrazone Dyes. Chemistry 2019; 25:5994-6006. [PMID: 30821860 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We develop the chemistry of boron difluoride hydrazone dyes (BODIHYs) bearing two aryl substituents and explore their properties. The low-energy absorption bands (λmax =427-464 nm) of these dyes depend on the nature of the N-aryl groups appended to the BODIHY framework. Electron-donating and extended π-conjugated groups cause a redshift, whereas electron-withdrawing groups result in a blueshift. The title compounds were weakly photoluminescent in solution and strongly photoluminescent as thin films (λPL =525-578 nm) with quantum yields of up to 18 % and lifetimes of 1.1-1.7 ns, consistent with the dominant radiative decay through fluorescence. Addition of water to THF solutions of the BODIHYs studied causes molecular aggregation which restricts intramolecular motion and thereby enhances photoluminescence. The observed photoluminescence of BODIHY thin films is likely facilitated by a similar molecular packing effect. Finally, cyclic voltammetry studies confirmed that BODIHY derivatives bearing para-substituted N-aryl groups could be reversibly oxidized (Eox1 =0.62-1.02 V vs. Fc/Fc+ ) to their radical cation forms. Chemical oxidation studies confirmed that para-substituents at the N-aryl groups are required to circumvent radical decomposition pathways. Our findings provide new opportunities and guiding principles for the design of sought-after multifunctional boron difluoride complexes that are photoluminescent in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cappello
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Denis A B Therien
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Viktor N Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - François Lagugné-Labarthet
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Joe B Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
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23
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Lugovik KI, Eltyshev AK, Suntsova PO, Smoluk LT, Belousova AV, Ulitko MV, Minin AS, Slepukhin PA, Benassi E, Belskaya NP. Fluorescent boron complexes based on new N,O-chelates as promising candidates for flow cytometry. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:5150-5162. [PMID: 29963677 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis and optical properties of a new class of bright green-yellow fluorescent dyes with potential applications in bioimaging. A facile synthetic route via the chelation of aryl(hetaryl)aminoacryloylthiophene scaffolds with a BF2 fragment is presented. The photophysical properties of the dyes are attributed to the nature and position of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. Upon coordination to a BF2 fragment, characteristic emission was observed, with λem ranging from 503 to 543 nm and quantum yields of 0.14-0.42. Compared with parent aryl(hetaryl)aminoacryloylthiophenes, a significant red shift in absorption (up to 480 nm in solution) and emission (up to 543 nm in solution and 610 nm in the solid state) and high chemical stability and photostability were observed. The electron-accepting character of the substituents on the terminal aromatic ring or replacing this fragment with pyridine or pyrazine moieties resulted in increased quantum yields. To gain insight into the electronic structures and optical properties, quantum mechanical calculations were performed. The results of (TD-)DFT calculations supported the structural and spectroscopic data and showed the features of electronic distribution in the frontier molecular orbitals and active electrophilic and nucleophilic sites in the compounds investigated. Synthesized BF2 complexes are promising dyes for cell imaging and flow cytometry owing to their ready penetration and accumulation in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya I Lugovik
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation.
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24
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Maar RR, Zhang R, Stephens DG, Ding Z, Gilroy JB. Near‐Infrared Photoluminescence and Electrochemiluminescence from a Remarkably Simple Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dye. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1052-1056. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - David G. Stephens
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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25
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Maar RR, Zhang R, Stephens DG, Ding Z, Gilroy JB. Near‐Infrared Photoluminescence and Electrochemiluminescence from a Remarkably Simple Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dye. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - David G. Stephens
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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26
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Van Belois A, Maar RR, Workentin MS, Gilroy JB. Dialkynylborane Complexes of Formazanate Ligands: Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:834-843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Van Belois
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mark S. Workentin
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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27
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Mondol R, Otten E. Reactivity of Two-Electron-Reduced Boron Formazanate Compounds with Electrophiles: Facile N-H/N-C Bond Homolysis Due to the Formation of Stable Ligand Radicals. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9720-9727. [PMID: 29446931 PMCID: PMC6106049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The reactivity of
a boron complex with a redox-active formazanate ligand, LBPh2 [L = PhNNC(p-tol)NNPh], was studied. Two-electron
reduction of this main-group complex generates the stable, nucleophilic
dianion [LBPh2]2–, which reacts with
the electrophiles BnBr and H2O to form products that derive
from ligand benzylation and protonation, respectively. The resulting
complexes are anionic boron analogues of leucoverdazyls. N–C
and N–H bond homolysis of these compounds was studied by exchange
NMR spectroscopy and kinetic experiments. The weak N–C and
N–H bonds in these systems derive from the stability of the
resulting borataverdazyl radical, in which the unpaired electron is
delocalized over the four N atoms in the ligand backbone. We thus
demonstrate the ability of this system to take up two electrons and
an electrophile (E+ = Bn+, H+) in
a process that takes place on the organic ligand. In addition, we
show that the [2e–/E+] stored on the
ligand can be converted to E• radicals, reactivity
that has implications in energy storage applications such as hydrogen
evolution. A boron complex with a redox-active
formazanate ligand in its two-electron-reduced state is shown to react
with electrophiles (BnBr and H+). The resulting “borataleucoverdazyl”
products have weak N−C and N−H bonds; homolytic cleavage
reactions lead to stable ligand-based radicals. Thus, the accumulation
of [2e−/E+] on the formazanate ligand
and conversion to E• radicals are demonstrated,
and their potential relevance in energy-related electrocatalysis (e.g.,
proton reduction) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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28
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Kabir E, Patel D, Clark K, Teets TS. Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of Electronically Modified Cycloplatinated Formazanate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10906-10917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Dhruti Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Kevin Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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29
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Mu G, Cong L, Wen Z, Wu JIC, Kadish KM, Teets TS. Homoleptic Platinum Azo-iminate Complexes via Hydrogenative Cleavage of Formazans. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9468-9477. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Mu
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Lei Cong
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Zhili Wen
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Judy I-Chia Wu
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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30
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Dhindsa JS, Maar RR, Barbon SM, Olivia Avilés M, Powell ZK, Lagugné-Labarthet F, Gilroy JB. A π-conjugated inorganic polymer constructed from boron difluoride formazanates and platinum(ii) diynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6899-6902. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02424c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A π-conjugated inorganic polymer comprised of boron difluoride formazanate and platinum(ii) diyne repeat units with unusual redox properties and a narrow optical band gap of ca. 1.4 eV is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasveer S. Dhindsa
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - María Olivia Avilés
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Zachary K. Powell
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - François Lagugné-Labarthet
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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31
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Maar RR, Rabiee Kenaree A, Zhang R, Tao Y, Katzman BD, Staroverov VN, Ding Z, Gilroy JB. Aluminum Complexes of N 2O 23- Formazanate Ligands Supported by Phosphine Oxide Donors. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12436-12447. [PMID: 28960966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a new family of phosphine oxide supported aluminum formazanate complexes (7a,b, 8a, 9a) are reported. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the aluminum atoms in the complexes adopt an octahedral geometry in the solid state. The equatorial positions are occupied by an N2O23- formazanate ligand, and the axial positions are occupied by L-type phosphine oxide donors. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy revealed that the complexes were strongly absorbing (ε ≈ 30000 M-1 cm-1) between 500 and 700 nm. The absorption maxima in this region were simulated using time-dependent density functional theory. With the exception of 3-cyano-substituted complex 7b, which showed maximum luminescence intensity in the presence of excess phosphine oxide, the title complexes are nonemissive in solution and the solid state. The electrochemical properties of the complexes were probed using cyclic voltammetry. Each complex underwent sequential one-electron oxidations in potential ranges of -0.12 to 0.29 V and 0.62 to 0.97 V, relative to the ferrocene/ferrocenium redox couple. Electrochemical reduction events were observed at potentials between -1.34 and -1.75 V. In combination with tri-n-propylamine as a coreactant, complex 7b acted as an electrochemiluminescence emitter with a maximum electrochemiluminescence intensity at a wavelength of 735 nm, red-shifted relative to the photoluminescence maximum of the same compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Amir Rabiee Kenaree
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Yichen Tao
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Benjamin D Katzman
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Viktor N Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Joe B Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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32
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Barbon SM, Buddingh JV, Maar RR, Gilroy JB. Boron Difluoride Adducts of a Flexidentate Pyridine-Substituted Formazanate Ligand: Property Modulation via Protonation and Coordination Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12003-12011. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jasmine V. Buddingh
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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33
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Barbon SM, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Structurally Diverse Boron-Nitrogen Heterocycles from an N2
O2
3−
Formazanate Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8173-8177. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond St. N. London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond St. N. London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond St. N. London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
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34
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Barbon SM, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Structurally Diverse Boron-Nitrogen Heterocycles from an N2
O2
3−
Formazanate Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond St. N. London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond St. N. London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR); The University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond St. N. London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
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35
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Novoa S, Gilroy JB. (Co)polymers containing boron difluoride 3-cyanoformazanate complexes: emission enhancement via random copolymerization. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01120b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and photophysical characterization of (co)polymers containing an asymmetrically substituted BF2complex of a 3-cyanoformazanate ligand are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Novoa
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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36
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Mondol R, Snoeken DA, Chang MC, Otten E. Stable, crystalline boron complexes with mono-, di- and trianionic formazanate ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:513-516. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Boron complexes are isolated with formazanate ligands in mono-, di- and trianionic form, showing their distinctive ability to function as electron-reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Daan A. Snoeken
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Mu-Chieh Chang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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37
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38
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Barbon SM, Novoa S, Bender D, Groom H, Luyt LG, Gilroy JB. Copper-assisted azide–alkyne cycloaddition chemistry as a tool for the production of emissive boron difluoride 3-cyanoformazanates. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00640j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Emissive BF2 complexes of 3-cyanoformazanates produced using CuAAC chemistry are described. Highlights include ferrocene-substituted derivatives with ‘turn-on’ fluorescence upon oxidation and a water soluble derivative with application as a cell-imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Samantha Novoa
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Desiree Bender
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Hilary Groom
- Department of Oncology
- London Regional Cancer Program
- London
- Canada
| | - Leonard G. Luyt
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
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39
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Formazanate boron difluoride dyes: discrepancies between TD-DFT and wavefunction descriptions. J Mol Model 2016; 22:263. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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40
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Chang MC, Otten E. Intramolecular Hydride Transfer Reactions in (Formazanate)Boron Dihydride Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Chieh Chang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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41
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Barbon SM, Gilroy JB. Boron difluoride formazanate copolymers with 9,9-di-n-hexylfluorene prepared by copper-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition chemistry. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00441e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of copolymers with promising light-harvesting properties and closely related model compounds based on boron difluoride formazanate and 9,9-di-n-hexylfluorene units are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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42
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Chang MC, Chantzis A, Jacquemin D, Otten E. Boron difluorides with formazanate ligands: redox-switchable fluorescent dyes with large stokes shifts. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9477-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01226d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of (formazanate)boron difluorides and their 1-electron reduction products is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.-C. Chang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - A. Chantzis
- Laboratoire CEISAM – UMR CNRS 6230
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes Cedex 3
- France
| | - D. Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM – UMR CNRS 6230
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes Cedex 3
- France
- Institut Universitaire de France
| | - E. Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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43
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Turkoglu G, Berber H. Novel formazan derivatives containing phenylsulfanyl and carbonyl units: synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23008c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
New phenylsulfanyl and aryl carbonyl containing formazan derivatives 4a–4h and 5a–5h have been developed, and investigated the effect of substituents on their photophysical and electrochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Turkoglu
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Anadolu University
- 26470 Eskisehir
- Turkey
| | - Halil Berber
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Anadolu University
- 26470 Eskisehir
- Turkey
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44
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Kabir E, Wu CH, Wu JIC, Teets TS. Heteroleptic Complexes of Cyclometalated Platinum with Triarylformazanate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:956-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen
Boulevard Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen
Boulevard Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Judy I-Chia Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen
Boulevard Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen
Boulevard Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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45
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Maar RR, Barbon SM, Sharma N, Groom H, Luyt LG, Gilroy JB. Evaluation of Anisole-Substituted Boron Difluoride Formazanate Complexes for Fluorescence Cell Imaging. Chemistry 2015; 21:15589-99. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Chang MC, Otten E. Reduction of (Formazanate)boron Difluoride Provides Evidence for an N-Heterocyclic B(I) Carbenoid Intermediate. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8656-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Chieh Chang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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47
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Barbon SM, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Effect of Extended π Conjugation on the Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of Boron Difluoride Formazanate Complexes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5226-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department
of Chemistry and
the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department
of Chemistry and
the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department
of Chemistry and
the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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48
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Zhang RZ, Feng X, Liu Y, Wang SQ, Liu JT, Zhao BX. Synthesis of novel boron chelate complexes and proposed mechanism of new rearrangement. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 139:165-170. [PMID: 25561295 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized novel boron chelate complexes by the reaction of pyrazoline derivatives and boron trifluoride diethyl etherate followed by a new rearrangement. The structures of the compounds were characterized by IR, NMR and HRMS, especially, a typical compound 3c was confirmed by X-ray single crystal analysis. We proposed a mechanism of the rearrangement. Moreover, the absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of these compounds were measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Sheng-Qing Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Jin-Ting Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Bao-Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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49
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Barbon SM, Price JT, Yogarajah U, Gilroy JB. Synthesis and characterization of conjugated/cross-conjugated benzene-bridged boron difluoride formazanate dimers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09505k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A study designed to probe the effect of electronic conjugation and cross-conjugation on the optical and electrochemical properties of benzene-bridged boron difluoride formazanate dimers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Jacquelyn T. Price
- Department of Chemistry
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Umesh Yogarajah
- Department of Chemistry
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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50
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Hesari M, Barbon SM, Staroverov VN, Ding Z, Gilroy JB. Efficient electrochemiluminescence of a readily accessible boron difluoride formazanate dye. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3766-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10038g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Systematic studies of the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of a boron difluoride formazanate dye reveal three distinct, voltage-dependent mechanisms of light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hesari
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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