1
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Hao X, Tian Z, Yao Z, Zang T, Song S, Lin L, Qiao T, Huang L, Fu H. Atroposelective Synthesis of Axial Biaryls by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Using Engineered Imine Reductases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202410112. [PMID: 39016184 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Axially chiral biaryl compounds are ubiquitous scaffolds in natural products, bioactive molecules, chiral ligands and catalysts, but biocatalytic methods for their asymmetric synthesis are limited. Herein, we report a highly efficient biocatalytic route for the atroposelective synthesis of biaryls by dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR). This DKR approach features a transient six-membered aza-acetal-bridge-promoted racemization followed by an imine reductase (IRED)-catalyzed stereoselective reduction to construct the axial chirality under ambient conditions. Directed evolution of an IRED from Streptomyces sp. GF3546 provided a variant (S-IRED-Ss-M11) capable of catalyzing the DKR process to access a variety of biaryl aminoalcohols in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % yield and >99 : 1 enantiomeric ratio). Molecular dynamics simulation studies on the S-IRED-Ss-M11 variant revealed the origin of its improved activity and atroposelectivity. By exploiting the substrate promiscuity of IREDs and the power of directed evolution, our work further extends the biocatalysts' toolbox to construct challenging axially chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhuangfei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhouchang Yao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tienan Zang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shucheng Song
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liang Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tianzhang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850, United States
| | - Ling Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haigen Fu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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2
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Wang Y, Song RP, Li XY, Chen WL, Tian Y, Zhang SH, Shao YD, Cheng DJ. Catalytic Asymmetric Reductive Amination for Axially Chiral Aryl Aldehydes via Desymmetrization/Kinetic Resolution Cascade. Org Lett 2024; 26:7161-7165. [PMID: 39158186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Herein we present an efficient chiral phosphoric-acid-catalyzed atropoenantioselective asymmetric reductive amination of biaryl dialdehydes. The process involves desymmetrization and the following kinetic resolution, with a wide range of axially chiral aryl aldehydes obtained with high optical purities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Rui-Ping Song
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xin-Yue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wen-Li Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Shu-Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, China
| | - You-Dong Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, China
| | - Dao-Juan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
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3
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Schmidt TA, Hutskalova V, Sparr C. Atroposelective catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:497-517. [PMID: 38890539 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Atropisomeric compounds-stereoisomers that arise from the restricted rotation about a single bond-have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their immense potential for applications in a variety of fields, including medicinal chemistry, catalysis and molecular nanoscience. This increased interest led to the invention of new molecular motors, the incorporation of atropisomers into drug discovery programmes and a wide range of novel atroposelective reactions, including those that simultaneously control multiple stereogenic axes. A diverse set of synthetic methodologies, which can be grouped into desymmetrizations, (dynamic) kinetic resolutions, cross-coupling reactions and de novo ring formations, is available for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of various atropisomer classes. In this Review, we generalize the concepts for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of atropisomers within these categories with an emphasis on recent advancements and underdeveloped atropisomeric scaffolds beyond stereogenic C(sp2)-C(sp2) axes. We also discuss more complex systems with multiple stereogenic axes or higher-order stereogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanno A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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4
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Wu Y, Guan X, Zhao H, Li M, Liang T, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4564-4570. [PMID: 38516093 PMCID: PMC10952084 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Axially chiral diaryl ethers bearing two potential axes find unique applications in bioactive molecules and catalysis. However, only very few catalytic methods have been developed to construct structurally diverse diaryl ethers. We herein describe an NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification of prochiral dialdehydes, leading to the construction of enantioenriched axially chiral diaryl ethers. Mechanistic studies indicate that the matched kinetic resolutions play an essential role in the challenging chiral induction of flexible dual-axial chirality by removing minor enantiomers via over-functionalization. This protocol features mild conditions, excellent enantioselectivity, broad substrate scope, and applicability to late-stage functionalization, and provides a modular platform for the synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Xin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Huaqiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Tianlong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130117 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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5
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Li L, Ti W, Miao T, Ma J, Lin A, Chu Q, Gao S. Atroposelective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Diaryl Ethers by N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Sequentially Desymmetric/Kinetic Resolution Process. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4067-4073. [PMID: 38391391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
We describe herein an N-heterocyclic-carbene-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers. Through a sequentially enantioselective desymmetric process and a kinetic resolution process, the products could be constructed in good yields with excellent enantiopurities. Both alcohols and phenols were compatible with this catalytic system. The axially chiral carboxylic acids derived from the esters were proven to be potential chiral ligands for asymmetric synthesis, for example, Rh(III)-catalyzed enantioselective C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Ti
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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6
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Hou XX, Wei D. Mechanism and Origin of Stereoselectivity for the NHC-Catalyzed Desymmetrization Reaction for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryl Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3133-3142. [PMID: 38359780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Organocatalytic desymmetrization reaction is a powerful tool for constructing axial chirality, but the theoretical study on the origin of stereoselectivity still lags behind even now. In this work, the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed desymmetrization reaction of biaryl frameworks for the synthesis of axially chiral aldehydes has been selected and theoretically investigated by using density functional theory (DFT). The fundamental pathway involves several steps, i.e., desymmetrization, formation of Breslow oxidation, esterification, and NHC regeneration. The desymmetrization and formation of Breslow processes have been identified as stereoselectivity-determining and rate-determining steps. Further weak interaction analyses proved that the C-H···O hydrogen bond and C-H···π interactions are responsible for the stability of the key stereoselective desymmetrization transition states. This research contributes to understanding the nature of NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization reactions for the synthesis of axially chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Hou
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
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7
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Ye M, Li C, Xiao D, Qu G, Yuan B, Sun Z. Atroposelective Synthesis of Aldehydes via Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Desymmetrization. JACS AU 2024; 4:411-418. [PMID: 38425895 PMCID: PMC10900225 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Axially chiral aldehydes have emerged recently as a unique class of motifs for drug design. However, few biocatalytic strategies have been reported to construct structurally diverse atropisomeric aldehydes. Herein, we describe the characterization of alcohol dehydrogenases to catalyze atroposelective desymmetrization of the biaryl dialdehydes. Investigations into the interactions between the substrate and key residues of the enzymes revealed the distinct origin of atroposelectivity. A panel of 13 atropisomeric monoaldehydes was synthesized with moderate to high enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee) and yields (up to 99%). Further derivatization allows enhancement of the diversity and application potential of the atropisomeric compounds. This study effectively expands the scope of enzymatic synthesis of atropisomeric aldehydes and provides insights into the binding modes and recognition mechanisms of such molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjing Ye
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin
Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Tianjin
Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dongguang Xiao
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin
Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Tianjin
Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin
Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, China
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8
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Zhou BA, Li XN, Zhang CL, Wang ZX, Ye S. Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Diaryl Ethers via NHC Catalyzed Desymmetrization and Following Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314228. [PMID: 38019184 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral diaryl ethers are present in numerous natural products and bioactive molecules. However, only few catalytic enantioselective approaches have been established to access diaryl ether atropisomers. Herein, we report the N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via desymmetrization of prochiral 2-aryloxyisophthalaldehydes with aliphatic alcohols, phenol derivatives, and heteroaromatic amines. This reaction features mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivity. The utility of this methodology is illustrated by late-stage functionalization, gram-scale synthesis, and diverse enantioretentive transformations. Control experiments and DFT calculations support the association of NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization with following kinetic resolution to enhance the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-An Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ning Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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9
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Cai Y, Lv Y, Shu L, Jin Z, Chi YR, Li T. Access to Axially Chiral Aryl Aldehydes via Carbene-Catalyzed Nitrile Formation and Desymmetrization Reaction. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0293. [PMID: 38628355 PMCID: PMC11020146 DOI: 10.34133/research.0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
An approach utilizing N-heterocyclic carbene for nitrile formation and desymmetrization reaction is developed. The process involves kinetic resolution, with the axially chiral aryl monoaldehydes obtained in moderate yields with excellent optical purities. These axially chiral aryl monoaldehydes can be conveniently transformed into functionalized molecules, showing great potential as catalysts in organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education,
Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ya Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education,
Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Liangzhen Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education,
Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education,
Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education,
Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Tingting Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education,
Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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10
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Shee S, Shree Ranganathappa S, Gadhave MS, Gogoi R, Biju AT. Enantioselective Synthesis of C-O Axially Chiral Diaryl Ethers by NHC-Catalyzed Atroposelective Desymmetrization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311709. [PMID: 37986240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral diaryl ethers, a distinguished class of atropisomers possessing unique dual C-O axis, hold immense potential for diverse research domains. In contrast to the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of conventional single axis bearing atropisomers, the atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral ethers containing flexible C-O axis remains a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the first N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via atroposelective esterification of dialdehyde-containing diaryl ethers. Mechanistically, the reaction proceeds via NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization strategy to afford the corresponding axially chiral diaryl ether atropisomers in good yields and high enantioselectivities under mild conditions. The derivatization of the synthesized product expands the utility of present strategy via access to a library of C-O axially chiral compounds. The temperature dependency and preliminary investigations on the racemization barrier of C-O bonds are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Shee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Mahesh S Gadhave
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Romin Gogoi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
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11
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Watts OB, Berreur J, Collins BSL, Clayden J. Biocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomers. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3362-3375. [PMID: 36343339 PMCID: PMC9730853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Atropisomeric compounds are found extensively as natural products, as ligands for asymmetric transition-metal catalysis, and increasingly as bioactive and pharmaceutically relevant targets. Their enantioselective synthesis is therefore an important ongoing research target. While a vast majority of known atropisomeric structures are (hetero)biaryls, which display hindered rotation around a C-C single bond, our group's long-standing interest in the control of molecular conformation has led to the identification and stereoselective preparation of a variety of other classes of "nonbiaryl" atropisomeric compounds displaying restricted rotation around C-C, C-N, C-O, and C-S single bonds.Biocatalytic transformations are finding increasing application in both academic and industrial contexts as a result of a significant broadening of the range of biocatalytic reactions and sources of enzymes available to the synthetic chemist. In this Account, we summarize the main biocatalytic strategies currently available for the asymmetric synthesis of biaryl, heterobiaryl, and nonbiaryl atropisomers. As is the case with more traditional synthetic approaches to these compounds, most biocatalytic methodologies for the construction of enantioenriched atropisomers follow one of two distinct strategies. The first of these is the direct asymmetric construction of atropisomeric bonds. Synthetically applicable biocatalytic methodologies for this type of transformation are limited, despite the extensive research into the biosynthesis of (hetero)biaryls by oxidative homocoupling or cross-coupling of electron-rich arenes. The second of these is the asymmetric transformation of a molecule in which the bond that will form the axis already exists, and this approach represents the majority of biocatalytic strategies available to the synthetic organic chemist. This strategy encompasses a variety of stereoselective techniques including kinetic resolution (KR), desymmetrization, dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR), and dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DYKAT).Nondynamic kinetic resolution (KR) of conformationally stable biaryl derivatives has provided the earliest and most numerous examples of synthetically useful methodologies for the enantioselective preparation of atropisomeric compounds. Lipases (i.e., enzymes that mediate the formation or hydrolysis of esters) are particularly effective and have attracted broad attention. This success has led researchers to broaden the scope of lipase-mediated transformations to desymmetrization reactions, in addition to a limited number of DKR and DYKAT examples. By contrast, our group has used redox enzymes, including an engineered galactose oxidase (GOase) and commercially available ketoreductases (KREDs), to desymmetrize prochiral atropisomeric diaryl ether and biaryl derivatives. Building on this experience and our long-standing interest in dynamic conformational processes, we later harnessed intramolecular noncovalent interactions to facilitate bond rotation at ambient temperatures, which allowed the development of the efficient DKR of heterobiaryl aldehydes using KREDs. With this Account we provide an overview of the current and prospective biocatalytic strategies available to the synthetic organic chemist for the enantioselective preparation of atropisomeric molecules.
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12
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Kim M, Ryu CH, You DK, Hong JH, Lee KM. Crucial Factors Regulating Intramolecular Charge-Transfer-Based Radiative Efficiency in ortho-Carboranyl Luminophores: Planarity between Substituted Biphenyl Rings. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24027-24039. [PMID: 35847313 PMCID: PMC9281304 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
o-Carboranyl compounds contain specific geometries, ranging from planar to orthogonally distorted biphenyl rings. Herein, 13 o-carboranyl compounds, 1HF-13PP, were synthesized and fully characterized to determine the impact of structural formation of the aromatic group appended with the o-carborane to estimate the efficiency of their radiative decay process. All the compounds exhibited significant intramolecular charge transfer (ICT)-based emission in the crystalline state at 298 K. Remarkably, increasing the distorted dihedral angles between biphenyl rings gradually decreased the emission efficiencies. Furthermore, their radiative decay constants decreased linearly with increasing dihedral angles, which demonstrated the inversely proportional relationship between these two factors. These findings distinctly suggest that the planar or distorted geometry of substituted aryl groups can strongly affect the efficiency of the ICT-based radiative process in o-carboranyl luminophores.
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13
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Verdhi LK, Fridman N, Szpilman AM. Copper- and Chiral Nitroxide-Catalyzed Oxidative Kinetic Resolution of Axially Chiral N-Arylpyrroles. Org Lett 2022; 24:5078-5083. [PMID: 35798692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A readily prepared C2-symmetric, α-hydrogen-substituted chiral hydroxylamine serves as a precatalyst to generate a chiral nitroxide in situ. This chiral nitroxide catalyst in combination with a copper co-catalyst functions as an oxidant for an unprecedented enantioselective oxidative kinetic resolution (OKR) of racemic axially chiral N-arylpyrrole alcohols using atmospheric oxygen as an environmentally friendly terminal oxidant. The OKR process provides the axially chiral N-arylpyrroles in er up to 3.5:96.5 and with s factors up to 24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenin Kumar Verdhi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Natalia Fridman
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Alex M Szpilman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
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14
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Wu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes by N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization Followed by Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117340. [PMID: 35100461 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral aldehydes have received increasing attention in enantioselective catalysis. However, only very few catalytic methods have been developed to construct structurally diverse axially chiral aldehydes. We herein describe an NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification of biaryl dialdehydes as a general and practical strategy for the construction of axially chiral aldehydes. Mechanistic studies indicate that coupling proceeds through a novel combination of NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization of the dialdehydes and kinetic resolution. This protocol features excellent enantioselectivity, mild conditions, good functional-group tolerance, and applicability to late-stage functionalization and provides a modular platform for the synthesis of axially chiral aldehydes and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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15
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Wu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes by N‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Catalyzed Desymmetrization Followed by Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun 130117 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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16
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Zhao W, Liu J, He X, Jiang H, Lu L, Xiao W. N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Biaryldialdehydes to Construct Axially Chiral Aldehydes. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Hollmann F, Opperman DJ, Paul CE. Biocatalytic Reduction Reactions from a Chemist's Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5644-5665. [PMID: 32330347 PMCID: PMC7983917 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reductions play a key role in organic synthesis, producing chiral products with new functionalities. Enzymes can catalyse such reactions with exquisite stereo-, regio- and chemoselectivity, leading the way to alternative shorter classical synthetic routes towards not only high-added-value compounds but also bulk chemicals. In this review we describe the synthetic state-of-the-art and potential of enzymes that catalyse reductions, ranging from carbonyl, enone and aromatic reductions to reductive aminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hollmann
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZDelftThe Netherlands
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of the Free State205 Nelson Mandela DriveBloemfontein9300South Africa
| | - Diederik J. Opperman
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of the Free State205 Nelson Mandela DriveBloemfontein9300South Africa
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZDelftThe Netherlands
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18
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Johnson HC, Zhang S, Fryszkowska A, Ruccolo S, Robaire SA, Klapars A, Patel NR, Whittaker AM, Huffman MA, Strotman NA. Biocatalytic oxidation of alcohols using galactose oxidase and a manganese(iii) activator for the synthesis of islatravir. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1620-1625. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02395g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese(iii) acetate activates galactose oxidase (GOase), a Cu-dependent metalloenzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | - Anna Fryszkowska
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | - Serge Ruccolo
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | - Sandra A. Robaire
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | - Artis Klapars
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | - Niki R. Patel
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | | | - Mark A. Huffman
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
| | - Neil A. Strotman
- Department of Process Research and Development
- Merck & Co
- Inc
- Rahway
- USA
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19
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Hollmann F, Opperman DJ, Paul CE. Biokatalytische Reduktionen aus der Sicht eines Chemikers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft Niederlande
- Department of Biotechnology University of the Free State 205 Nelson Mandela Drive Bloemfontein 9300 Südafrika
| | - Diederik J. Opperman
- Department of Biotechnology University of the Free State 205 Nelson Mandela Drive Bloemfontein 9300 Südafrika
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft Niederlande
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20
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Yuan B, Debecker DP, Wu X, Xiao J, Fei Q, Turner NJ. One‐pot Chemoenzymatic Deracemisation of Secondary Alcohols Employing Variants of Galactose Oxidase and Transfer Hydrogenation. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology M1 7DN Manchester UK
| | - Damien P. Debecker
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve Belgium
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool L69 7ZD Liverpool UK
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool L69 7ZD Liverpool UK
| | - Qiang Fei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology M1 7DN Manchester UK
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21
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Breaking Molecular Symmetry through Biocatalytic Reactions to Gain Access to Valuable Chiral Synthons. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review the recent reports of biocatalytic reactions applied to the desymmetrization of meso-compounds or symmetric prochiral molecules are summarized. The survey of literature from 2015 up to date reveals that lipases are still the most used enzymes for this goal, due to their large substrate tolerance, stability in different reaction conditions and commercial availability. However, a growing interest is focused on the use of other purified enzymes or microbial whole cells to expand the portfolio of exploitable reactions and the molecular diversity of substrates to be transformed. Biocatalyzed desymmetrization is nowadays recognized as a reliable and efficient approach for the preparation of pharmaceuticals or natural bioactive compounds and many processes have been scaled up for multigram preparative purposes, also in continuous-flow conditions.
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22
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Li SL, Yang C, Wu Q, Zheng HL, Li X, Cheng JP. Atroposelective Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation Reaction for Axially Chiral Anilides with Achiral Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12836-12843. [PMID: 30226765 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient method to access axially chiral anilides through asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction with achiral Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates by using a biscinchona alkaloid catalyst was reported. Through the atroposelective approach, a broad range of axially chiral anilide products with different acyl groups, such as substituted phenyl, naphthyl, alkyl, enyl, styryl, and benzyl, were generated with very good yields, moderate to excellent cis: trans ratios, and good to excellent enantioselectivities. The reaction can be scaled up, and the synthetic utility of axially chiral anilides was proved by transformations. Moreover, the linear free energy relationship analysis was introduced to investigate the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Quan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Han-Liang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
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23
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Guo D, Zhang J, Zhang B, Wang J. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Atropoenantioselective Synthesis of Axial Biaryls via Reductive Amination and Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Org Lett 2018; 20:6284-6288. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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24
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Liu J, Wu S, Li Z. Recent advances in enzymatic oxidation of alcohols. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 43:77-86. [PMID: 29258054 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic alcohol oxidation plays an important role in chemical synthesis. In the past two years, new alcohol oxidation enzymes were developed through genome-mining and protein engineering, such as new copper radical oxidases with broad substrate scope, alcohol dehydrogenases with altered cofactor preference and a flavin-dependent alcohol oxidase with enhanced oxygen coupling. New cofactor recycling methods were reported for alcohol dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation with photocatalyst and coupled glutaredoxin-glutathione reductase as promising examples. Different alcohol oxidation systems were used for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, especially in the cascade conversion of alcohols to lactones, lactams, chiral amines, chiral alcohols and hydroxyketones. Among them, biocatalyst with low enantioselectivity demonstrated an interesting feature for complete conversion of racemic secondary alcohols through non-enantioselective oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Shuke Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
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25
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Zhang J, Wang J. Atropoenantioselective Redox-Neutral Amination of Biaryl Compounds through Borrowing Hydrogen and Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
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26
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Zhang J, Wang J. Atropoenantioselective Redox-Neutral Amination of Biaryl Compounds through Borrowing Hydrogen and Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:465-469. [PMID: 29143422 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a novel atropoenantioselective redox-neutral amination of biaryl compounds triggered by a cascade of borrowing hydrogen and dynamic kinetic resolution under the cooperative catalysis of a chiral iridium complex and an achiral Brønsted acid. This protocol features broad substrate scope and good functional-group tolerance, and allows the rapid assembly of axially chiral biaryl compounds in good to high yields and with high to excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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27
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Carbó López M, Chavant PY, Molton F, Royal G, Blandin V. Chiral Nitroxide/Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols: Atroposelective Oxidative Desymmetrization. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Carbó López
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
- CNRS; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Pierre Y. Chavant
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
- CNRS; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Florian Molton
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
- CNRS; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Guy Royal
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
- CNRS; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Véronique Blandin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
- CNRS; DCM UMR-5250; F-38000 Grenoble France
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28
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Staniland S, Adams RW, McDouall JJW, Maffucci I, Contini A, Grainger DM, Turner NJ, Clayden J. Biocatalytic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for the Synthesis of Atropisomeric Biaryl N-Oxide Lewis Base Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralph W. Adams
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | | | - Irene Maffucci
- Università di Milano, Dipartimento Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “Alessandro Marchesini”; Università degli Studi di Milano; 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Università di Milano, Dipartimento Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “Alessandro Marchesini”; Università degli Studi di Milano; 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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29
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Staniland S, Adams RW, McDouall JJW, Maffucci I, Contini A, Grainger DM, Turner NJ, Clayden J. Biocatalytic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for the Synthesis of Atropisomeric Biaryl N-Oxide Lewis Base Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10755-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralph W. Adams
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | | | - Irene Maffucci
- Università di Milano, Dipartimento Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “Alessandro Marchesini”; Università degli Studi di Milano; 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Università di Milano, Dipartimento Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “Alessandro Marchesini”; Università degli Studi di Milano; 20133 Milano Italy
| | | | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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30
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Substituent effects on axial chirality in 1-aryl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines: controlling the rate of bond rotation. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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32
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Herter S, McKenna SM, Frazer AR, Leimkühler S, Carnell AJ, Turner NJ. Galactose Oxidase Variants for the Oxidation of Amino Alcohols in Enzyme Cascade Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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33
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34
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Skoupi M, Vaxelaire C, Strohmann C, Christmann M, Niemeyer CM. Enantiogroup-Differentiating Biocatalytic Reductions of ProchiralCs-Symmetrical Dicarbonyl Compounds tomesoCompounds. Chemistry 2015; 21:8701-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Wencel-Delord J, Panossian A, Leroux FR, Colobert F. Recent advances and new concepts for the synthesis of axially stereoenriched biaryls. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3418-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00012b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 528] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade the field of the synthesis of axially chiral compounds has been rapidly expanding. Not only key advances have been achieved concerning the already established strategies but also new synthetic routes have been devised. This review showcases the recent developments in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR CNRS 7509
- SynCat
- Université de Strasbourg
- ECPM
| | - A. Panossian
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR CNRS 7509
- COHA
- Université de Strasbourg
- ECPM
| | - F. R. Leroux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR CNRS 7509
- COHA
- Université de Strasbourg
- ECPM
| | - F. Colobert
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR CNRS 7509
- SynCat
- Université de Strasbourg
- ECPM
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