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Del Bino L, Østerlid KE, Wu DY, Nonne F, Romano MR, Codée J, Adamo R. Synthetic Glycans to Improve Current Glycoconjugate Vaccines and Fight Antimicrobial Resistance. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15672-15716. [PMID: 35608633 PMCID: PMC9614730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is emerging as the next potential pandemic. Different microorganisms, including the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-typhoidal Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungus Candida auris, have been identified by the WHO and CDC as urgent or serious AMR threats. Others, such as group A and B Streptococci, are classified as concerning threats. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been demonstrated to be an efficacious and cost-effective measure to combat infections against Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and, more recently, Salmonella typhi. Recent times have seen enormous progress in methodologies for the assembly of complex glycans and glycoconjugates, with developments in synthetic, chemoenzymatic, and glycoengineering methodologies. This review analyzes the advancement of glycoconjugate vaccines based on synthetic carbohydrates to improve existing vaccines and identify novel candidates to combat AMR. Through this literature survey we built an overview of structure-immunogenicity relationships from available data and identify gaps and areas for further research to better exploit the peculiar role of carbohydrates as vaccine targets and create the next generation of synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kitt Emilie Østerlid
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dung-Yeh Wu
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jeroen Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Gerbst AG, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE. Computational and NMR Conformational Analysis of Galactofuranoside Cycles Presented in Bacterial and Fungal Polysaccharide Antigens. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:719396. [PMID: 34513924 PMCID: PMC8424007 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.719396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike pyranoside cycles which are generally characterized by strictly defined conformational preferences, furanosides are flexible and may adopt a wide range of available conformations. During our previous studies, conformational changes of galactofuranoside cycles upon total sulfation were described computationally, using a simple Hartree–Fock (HF) method, and principal conformers of the 5-membered galactose ring were revealed. However, in the case of more complex disaccharide structures, it was found that this method and the widely applied DFT-B3LYP produced results that deviated from experimental evidence. In this study, other DFT functionals (PBE0 and double hybrid B2PLYP) along with RI-MP2 are employed to study the conformational behavior of the galactofuranoside ring. Reinvestigation of galactofuranosides with a lactic acid substituent at O-3 revealed that changes in the orientation of lactic acid residue at O-3 might induce conformational changes of the furanoside cycle. Such findings are important for further modeling of carbohydrate–protein interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey G Gerbst
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim B Krylov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Basu N, Ghosh R. Recent chemical syntheses of bacteria related oligosaccharides using modern expeditious approaches. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108295. [PMID: 34271477 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apart from some essential and crucial roles in life processes carbohydrates also are involved in a few detrimental courses of action related to human health, like infections by pathogenic microbes, cancer metastasis, transplanted tissue rejection, etc. Regarding management of pathogenesis by microbes, keeping in mind of multi drug-resistant bacteria and epidemic or endemic incidents, preventive measure by vaccination is the best pathway as also recommended by the WHO; by vaccination, eradication of bacterial diseases is also possible. Although some valid vaccines based on attenuated bacterial cells or isolated pure polysaccharide-antigens or the corresponding conjugates thereof are available in the market for prevention of several bacterial diseases, but these are not devoid of some disadvantages also. In order to develop improved conjugate T-cell dependent vaccines oligosaccharides related to bacterial antigens are synthesized and converted to the corresponding carrier protein conjugates. Marketed Cuban Quimi-Hib is such a vaccine being used since 2004 to resist Haemophilus influenza b infections. During nearly the past two decades research is going on worldwide for improved synthesis of bacteria related oligosaccharides or polysaccharides towards development of such semisynthetic or synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines. The present dissertation is an endeavour to encompass the recent syntheses of several pathogenic bacterial oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, made during the past ten-eleven years with special reference to modern expeditious syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabamita Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Nabagram Hiralal Paul College, Konnagar, Hoogly, West Bengal, 712246, India
| | - Rina Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
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Khatuntseva EA, Nifantiev NE. Glycoconjugate Vaccines for Prevention of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Diseases. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021; 47:26-52. [PMID: 33776394 PMCID: PMC7980804 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the experience in laboratory- and industrial-scale syntheses of glycoconjugate vaccines used for prevention of infectious diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria based on the linear capsular polysaccharide poly-3-β-D-ribosyl-(1→1)-D-ribitol-5-phosphate (PRP) or related synthetic oligosaccharide ligands. The methods for preparation of related oligosaccharide derivatives and results of the studies evaluating effect of their length on immunogenic properties of the conjugates with protein carriers are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Khatuntseva
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - N E Nifantiev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Kalfopoulou E, Huebner J. Advances and Prospects in Vaccine Development against Enterococci. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112397. [PMID: 33147722 PMCID: PMC7692742 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococci are the second most common Gram-positive pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections. Due to the limited number of new antibiotics that reach the medical practice and the resistance of enterococci to the current antibiotic options, passive and active immunotherapies have emerged as a potential prevention and/or treatment strategy against this opportunistic pathogen. In this review, we explore the pathogenicity of these bacteria and their interaction with the host immune response. We provide an overview of the capsular polysaccharides and surface-associated proteins that have been described as potential antigens in anti-enterococcal vaccine formulations. In addition, we describe the current status in vaccine development against enterococci and address the importance and the current advances toward the development of well-defined vaccines with broad coverage against enterococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermioni Kalfopoulou
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Johannes Huebner
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, 80337 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-44005-7970
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Laverde D, Romero-Saavedra F, Argunov DA, Enotarpi J, Krylov VB, Kalfopoulou E, Martini C, Torelli R, van der Marel GA, Sanguinetti M, Codée JDC, Nifantiev NE, Huebner J. Synthetic Oligomers Mimicking Capsular Polysaccharide Diheteroglycan are Potential Vaccine Candidates against Encapsulated Enterococcal Infections. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1816-1826. [PMID: 32364376 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Enterococcus spp. are a major concern in the clinical setting. In Enterococcus faecalis, the capsular polysaccharide diheteroglycan (DHG), composed of ß-d-galactofuranose-(1 → 3)-ß-d-glucopyranose repeats, has been described as an important virulence factor and as a potential vaccine candidate against encapsulated strains. Synthetic structures emulating immunogenic polysaccharides present many advantages over native polysaccharides for vaccine development. In this work, we described the synthesis of a library of DHG oligomers, differing in length and order of the monosaccharide constituents. Using suitably protected thioglycoside building blocks, oligosaccharides up to 8-mer in length built up from either Galf-Glcp or Glcp-Galf dimers were generated, and we evaluated their immunoreactivity with antibodies raised against DHG. After the screening, we selected two octasaccharides, having either a galactofuranose or glucopyranose terminus, which were conjugated to a carrier protein for the production of polyclonal antibodies. The resulting antibodies were specific toward the synthetic structures and mediated in vitro opsonophagocytic killing of different encapsulated E. feacalis strains. The evaluated oligosaccharides are the first synthetic structures described to elicit antibodies that target encapsulated E. faecalis strains and are, therefore, promising candidates for the development of a well-defined enterococcal glycoconjugate vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Laverde
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - F. Romero-Saavedra
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - D. A. Argunov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - J. Enotarpi
- Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - V. B. Krylov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - E. Kalfopoulou
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - C. Martini
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - R. Torelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - G. A. van der Marel
- Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - M. Sanguinetti
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - J. D. C. Codée
- Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - N. E. Nifantiev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - J. Huebner
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 80337, Germany
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Complete Structure of the Enterococcal Polysaccharide Antigen (EPA) of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis V583 Reveals that EPA Decorations Are Teichoic Acids Covalently Linked to a Rhamnopolysaccharide Backbone. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.00277-20. [PMID: 32345640 PMCID: PMC7188991 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00277-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococci are opportunistic pathogens responsible for hospital- and community-acquired infections. All enterococci produce a surface polysaccharide called EPA (enterococcal polysaccharide antigen) required for biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenesis. Despite the critical role of EPA in cell growth and division and as a major virulence factor, no information is available on its structure. Here, we report the complete structure of the EPA polymer produced by the model strain E. faecalis V583. We describe the structure of the EPA backbone, made of a rhamnan hexasaccharide substituted by Glc and GlcNAc residues, and show that teichoic acids are covalently bound to this rhamnan chain, forming the so-called “EPA decorations” essential for host colonization and pathogenesis. This report represents a key step in efforts to identify the structural properties of EPA that are essential for its biological activity and to identify novel targets to develop preventive and therapeutic approaches against enterococci. All enterococci produce a complex polysaccharide called the enterococcal polysaccharide antigen (EPA). This polymer is required for normal cell growth and division and for resistance to cephalosporins and plays a critical role in host-pathogen interaction. The EPA contributes to host colonization and is essential for virulence, conferring resistance to phagocytosis during the infection. Recent studies revealed that the “decorations” of the EPA polymer, encoded by genetic loci that are variable between isolates, underpin the biological activity of this surface polysaccharide. In this work, we investigated the structure of the EPA polymer produced by the high-risk enterococcal clonal complex Enterococcus faecalis V583. We analyzed purified EPA from the wild-type strain and a mutant lacking decorations and elucidated the structure of the EPA backbone and decorations. We showed that the rhamnan backbone of EPA is composed of a hexasaccharide repeat unit of C2- and C3-linked rhamnan chains, partially substituted in the C3 position by α-glucose (α-Glc) and in the C2 position by β-N-acetylglucosamine (β-GlcNAc). The so-called “EPA decorations” consist of phosphopolysaccharide chains corresponding to teichoic acids covalently bound to the rhamnan backbone. The elucidation of the complete EPA structure allowed us to propose a biosynthetic pathway, a first essential step toward the design of antimicrobials targeting the synthesis of this virulence factor.
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Development of Opsonic Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies against Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00276-19. [PMID: 31285252 PMCID: PMC6704603 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00276-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant enterococci are major causes of hospital-acquired infections. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting bacterial antigens would be a valuable treatment option in this setting. Here, we describe the development of two MAbs through hybridoma technology that target antigens from the most clinically relevant enterococcal species. Multidrug-resistant enterococci are major causes of hospital-acquired infections. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting bacterial antigens would be a valuable treatment option in this setting. Here, we describe the development of two MAbs through hybridoma technology that target antigens from the most clinically relevant enterococcal species. Diheteroglycan (DHG), a well-characterized capsular polysaccharide of Enterococcus faecalis, and the secreted antigen A (SagA), an immunogenic protein from Enterococcus faecium, are both immunogens that have been proven to raise opsonic and cross-reactive antibodies against enterococcal strains. For this purpose, a conjugated form of the native DHG with SagA was used to raise the antibodies in mice, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and opsonophagocytic assay were combined in the selection process of hybridoma cells producing immunoreactive and opsonic antibodies targeting the selected antigens. From this process, two highly specific IgG1(κ) MAbs were obtained, one against the polysaccharide (DHG.01) and one against the protein (SagA.01). Both MAbs exhibited good opsonic killing against the target bacterial strains: DHG.01 showed 90% killing against E. faecalis type 2, and SagA.01 showed 40% killing against E. faecium 11231/6. In addition, both MAbs showed cross-reactivity toward other E. faecalis and E. faecium strains. The sequences from the variable regions of the heavy and light chains were reconstructed in expression vectors, and the activity of the MAbs upon expression in eukaryotic cells was confirmed with the same immunological assays. In summary, we identified two opsonic MAbs against enterococci which could be used for therapeutic or prophylactic approaches against enterococcal infections.
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Gerbst AG, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE. Conformational changes in common monosaccharides caused by per-O-sulfation. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Polysulfated carbohydrates play an important role in many biological processes because of their ability to bind to various protein receptors such as different growth factors, blood coagulation factors, adhesion lectins etc. Precise information about spatial organization of sulfated derivatives is of high demand for molecular modelling of such interactions as well as for understanding of the mechanism of pyranoside-into-furanoside rearrangement. In this review we summarize the changes recently revealed for the conformations of common pyranosides and furanosides upon total O-sulfation which were studied by means of NMR spectroscopy as well as molecular modelling. It was found that pentoses, being more flexible, undergo complete conformational chair inversion. Meanwhile, for hexoses the situation strongly depends on the monosaccharide configuration. Conformational changes are most pronounced in gluco-compounds though quantum chemical calculations helped to establish that no complete chair inversion occurred. In furanosides distortions of two types were observed: either the ring conformation or the conformation of the side chain changed. The presented data may be used for the analysis of chemical, physical and biological properties of sulfated carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey G. Gerbst
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry , N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russia
| | - Vadim B. Krylov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry , N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russia
| | - Nikolay E. Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry , N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russia
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Gerbst AG, Krylov VB, Argunov DA, Petruk MI, Solovev AS, Dmitrenok AS, Nifantiev NE. Influence of per-O-sulfation upon the conformational behaviour of common furanosides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:685-694. [PMID: 30931009 PMCID: PMC6423562 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The studies on the recently discovered pyranoside-into-furanoside rearrangement have led us to conformational investigations of furanosides upon their total sulfation. Experimental NMR data showed that in some cases drastic changes of the ring conformation occurred while sometimes only the conformation of the exocyclic C4-C5 linkage changed. Herein we describe a combined quantum chemical and NMR conformational investigation of three common monosaccharide furanosides as their propyl glycosides: α-mannose, β-glucose and β-galactose. Full exploration of the furanoside ring by means of ab initio calculations was performed and coupling constants were calculated for each of the low-energy conformers. The results demonstrated preferred trans-orientation of H4-H5 protons in the non-sulfated molecules which changed to gauche-orientation upon sulfation. The effect is less pronounced in the galactosides. For all the studied structures changes in the conformational distribution were revealed by quantum mechanical calculations, that explained the observed changes in intraring coupling constants occurring upon introduction of sulfates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey G Gerbst
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim B Krylov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Argunov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim I Petruk
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Arsenii S Solovev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey S Dmitrenok
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Gerbst AG, Krylov VB, Argunov DA, Dmitrenok AS, Nifantiev NE. Driving Force of the Pyranoside-into-Furanoside Rearrangement. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:1139-1143. [PMID: 31459389 PMCID: PMC6648646 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio calculations of fully O-sulfated model monosaccharides, including common hexoses (glucose, galactose, fucose, and mannose) and pentoses (arabinose and xylose), were performed to study the energetic properties of the recently discovered pyranoside-into-furanoside (PIF) rearrangement. It was shown that the per-O-sulfated derivatives of furanoside isomers generally had lower energies than the corresponding per-O-sulfated pyranosides, while nonsulfated furanosides were always less favored than nonsulfated pyranosides. Mannose, which is known to be unreactive in PIF rearrangement, was the only exception. The results of the theoretical calculations were confirmed by experimental studies of monosaccharide models and explained the driving force of such unusual ring contraction process as PIF rearrangement. The conclusions of performed investigation can be used for prediction of new substrates applicability for PIF rearrangement.
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Micoli F, Costantino P, Adamo R. Potential targets for next generation antimicrobial glycoconjugate vaccines. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 42:388-423. [PMID: 29547971 PMCID: PMC5995208 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrates have been proven optimal targets for vaccine development. Conjugation of polysaccharides to a carrier protein triggers a T-cell-dependent immune response to the glycan moiety. Licensed glycoconjugate vaccines are produced by chemical conjugation of capsular polysaccharides to prevent meningitis caused by meningococcus, pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenzae type b. However, other classes of carbohydrates (O-antigens, exopolysaccharides, wall/teichoic acids) represent attractive targets for developing vaccines. Recent analysis from WHO/CHO underpins alarming concern toward antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as the so called ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.) and additional pathogens such as Clostridium difficile and Group A Streptococcus. Fungal infections are also becoming increasingly invasive for immunocompromised patients or hospitalized individuals. Other emergencies could derive from bacteria which spread during environmental calamities (Vibrio cholerae) or with potential as bioterrorism weapons (Burkholderia pseudomallei and mallei, Francisella tularensis). Vaccination could aid reducing the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and provide protection by herd immunity also to individuals who are not vaccinated. This review analyzes structural and functional differences of the polysaccharides exposed on the surface of emerging pathogenic bacteria, combined with medical need and technological feasibility of corresponding glycoconjugate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Micoli
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena
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13
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Vereshchagin AN. Classical and interdisciplinary approaches to the design of organic and hybrid molecular systems. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Ananikov VP, Eremin DB, Yakukhnov SA, Dilman AD, Levin VV, Egorov MP, Karlov SS, Kustov LM, Tarasov AL, Greish AA, Shesterkina AA, Sakharov AM, Nysenko ZN, Sheremetev AB, Stakheev AY, Mashkovsky IS, Sukhorukov AY, Ioffe SL, Terent’ev AO, Vil’ VA, Tomilov YV, Novikov RA, Zlotin SG, Kucherenko AS, Ustyuzhanina NE, Krylov VB, Tsvetkov YE, Gening ML, Nifantiev NE. Organic and hybrid systems: from science to practice. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Krylov VB, Paulovičová L, Paulovičová E, Tsvetkov YE, Nifantiev NE. Recent advances in the synthesis of fungal antigenic oligosaccharides. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe driving force for the constant improvement and development of new synthetic methodologies in carbohydrate chemistry is a growing demand for biologically important oligosaccharide ligands and neoglycoconjugates thereof for numerous biochemical investigations such as cell-to-pathogen interactions, immune response, cell adhesion, etc. Here we report our syntheses of the spacer-armed antigenic oligosaccharides related to three groups of the polysaccharides of the fungal cell-wall including α- and β-mannan, α- and β-glucan and galactomannan chains, which include new rationally designed synthetic blocks, efficient solutions for the stereoselective construction of glycoside bonds, and novel strategy for preparation of furanoside-containing oligosaccharides based on recently discovered pyranoside-into-furanoside (PIF) rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim B. Krylov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lucia Paulovičová
- Department of Immunochemistry of Glycoconjugates, Center for Glycomics, Institute of Chemistry, Slovakia Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravská cesta 9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ema Paulovičová
- Department of Immunochemistry of Glycoconjugates, Center for Glycomics, Institute of Chemistry, Slovakia Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravská cesta 9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Yury E. Tsvetkov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E. Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia,
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16
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Rational design of complex molecular structures starting from readily available precursors. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-016-1470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Verkhnyatskaya SA, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE. Pyranoside-into-Furanoside Rearrangement of 4-Pentenyl Glycosides in the Synthesis of a Tetrasaccharide-Related to Galactan I ofKlebsiella pneumoniae. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella A. Verkhnyatskaya
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry; N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Vadim B. Krylov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry; N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay E. Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry; N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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18
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Ring distortion in pyranosides caused by per-O-sulfation. Carbohydr Res 2016; 436:20-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Pyranoside-into-furanoside rearrangement of D-glucuronopyranoside derivatives. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Argunov DA, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE. The Use of Pyranoside-into-Furanoside Rearrangement and Controlled O(5) → O(6) Benzoyl Migration as the Basis of a Synthetic Strategy To Assemble (1→5)- and (1→6)-Linked Galactofuranosyl Chains. Org Lett 2016; 18:5504-5507. [PMID: 27759393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new pyranoside-into-furanoside (PIF) rearrangement of selectively protected galactopyranosides, followed by controlled O(5) → O(6) benzoate migration, gives either 5-OH or 6-OH products. It has been applied for the synthesis of four oligosaccharides related to the galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus. The assembly of target oligosaccharides containing both (1→5) and (1→6) linkages between galactofuranosyl residues was performed by applying terminal mannoside and digalactofuranoside blocks, forming a versatile approach toward fungal and bacterial carbohydrate antigens containing both 5-O- and 6-O-substituted galactofuranoside residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Argunov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim B Krylov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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21
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Vinnitskiy DZ, Krylov VB, Ustyuzhanina NE, Dmitrenok AS, Nifantiev NE. The synthesis of heterosaccharides related to the fucoidan from Chordaria flagelliformis bearing an α-L-fucofuranosyl unit. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:598-611. [PMID: 26536063 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharides, fucoidans, from brown algae are built up mainly of α-L-fucopyranosyl units and form a group of natural biopolymers with a wide spectrum of biological activities. Systematic synthesis of oligosaccharides representing fucoidans' fragments gives molecular probes for detecting pharmacophores within fucoidan polysaccharide chains. Recently, it was discovered that the fucoidan from brown seaweed Chordaria flagelliformis contains not only α-L-fucopyranosyl units but also α-L-fucofuranosyl ones. To establish the influence of the unusual α-L-fucofuranose residue on the biological activity and conformational properties of fucoidans, the synthesis of selectively O-sulfated pentasaccharides, which represent the main repeating unit of the fucoidan from C. flagelliformis, was performed. The features of the synthesis were the use of the pyranoside-into-furanoside rearrangement to prepare the fucofuranoside precursor and remote stereocontrolling participation of O-acyl groups to manage stereoselective α-bond formation in glycosylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Z Vinnitskiy
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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22
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Gerbst AG, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE. Choice of ab initio method for calculations of the key steps for the mechanism of rearrangement of sulfated pyranosides into furanosides. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-0900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Argunov DA, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE. Convergent synthesis of isomeric heterosaccharides related to the fragments of galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3255-67. [PMID: 25643073 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a very common fungus with high pathogenic potential for immunosuppressed hospital patients. A. fumigatus galactomannan, being the part of its cell wall, is considered as a promising candidate for vaccine and diagnostic test-systems. In this article we report the convergent synthesis of pentasaccharide fragments of the galactomannan containing the β-(1→5)-linked galactofuranoside chain attached to O-3 or O-6 of a spacer-armed mannopyranoside residue. The synthesis of selectively protected galactofuranoside precursors has been performed using recently developed pyranoside-into-furanoside (PIF) rearrangement. For assembling the target galactomannan structures the [1 + 2 + 2]-scheme was applied. This strategy was shown to be highly efficient and can easily be extended to the synthesis of longer fragments of thegalactomannan.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Argunov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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24
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(13)C-NMR glycosylation effects in (1→3)-linked furanosyl-pyranosides. Carbohydr Res 2015; 417:1-10. [PMID: 26382080 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, theoretical conformational analysis (molecular mechanics and DFT calculations) and NMR spectral data including the (13)C-NMR glycosylation effects for six pairs of isomeric furanosyl-(1→3)-pyranosides with different anomeric and absolute configurations of furanosyl units as well as configurations of C2 and C4 in the pyranoside units are described. The determined (13)C-NMR glycosylation effects were shown to correlate with the pattern of intramolecular interactions around the inter-unit bonds.
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