3
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Kako M, Arikawa Y, Kanzawa S, Yamada M, Maeda Y, Furukawa M, Akasaka T. Addition of
S
‐Heterocyclic Carbenes to Fullerenes: Formation and Characterization of Dithiomethano‐Bridged Derivatives. Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201900064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kako
- Department of Engineering ScienceThe University of Electro-Communications Chofu 182-8585 Japan
| | - Yuki Arikawa
- Department of Engineering ScienceThe University of Electro-Communications Chofu 182-8585 Japan
| | - Shinji Kanzawa
- Department of Engineering ScienceThe University of Electro-Communications Chofu 182-8585 Japan
| | - Michio Yamada
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Gakugei University Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Gakugei University Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Makoto Furukawa
- Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0821 Japan
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Gakugei University Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
- Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0821 Japan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430074 P. R. China
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4
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Kako M, Ozeki F, Kanzawa S, Fukazawa S, Sato K, Yamada M, Maeda Y, Furukawa M, Akasaka T. Photoreactions of Sc3
N@I
h
-C80
and Lu3
N@I
h
-C80
with disilirane: Isolation and characterization of labile 1,2-adducts. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kako
- Department of Engineering Science; The University of Electro-Communications; Chofu Japan
| | - Fumiaki Ozeki
- Department of Engineering Science; The University of Electro-Communications; Chofu Japan
| | - Shinji Kanzawa
- Department of Engineering Science; The University of Electro-Communications; Chofu Japan
| | - Shinpei Fukazawa
- Department of Engineering Science; The University of Electro-Communications; Chofu Japan
| | - Kumiko Sato
- TARA Center; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Gakugei University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Gakugei University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Furukawa
- Foundation for Advancement of International Science; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- TARA Center; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Gakugei University; Tokyo Japan
- Foundation for Advancement of International Science; Tsukuba Japan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
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5
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Functionalization of Endohedral Metallofullerenes with Reactive Silicon and Germanium Compounds. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071179. [PMID: 28708116 PMCID: PMC6152362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exohedral derivatization of endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) has been exploited as a useful method for characterizing the structural and chemical properties of EMFs, and for functionalizing them for potential applications. The introduction of heteroatoms, such as electropositive silicon atoms, to fullerene cages is a novel functionalization method that remarkably affects the electronic characteristics of fullerenes. This review comprehensively describes the results of the reactions of monometallofullerene, dimetallofullerene, and trimetallic nitride template EMFs with disilirane, silirane, silylene, and digermirane, which afforded the corresponding silylated and germylated fullerenes. Several examples emphasize that exohedral functionalization regulates the dynamic behaviors of the encapsulated metal atoms and clusters in the fullerene cages. The electronic effects of silyl and germyl groups are represented by comparing the redox properties of silylated and germylated EMFs with those of other EMFs derivatized with carbon-atom-based functional groups.
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6
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Kako M, Sugiura T, Miyabe K, Yasui M, Yamada M, Maeda Y, Guo JD, Nagase S, Akasaka T. Preparation, Structural Determination, and Characterization of Electronic Properties of [5,6]- and [6,6]-Carbosilylated Sc 3 N@I h -C 80. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1391-1399. [PMID: 28452140 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical carbosilylation of Sc3 N@Ih -C80 with silirane 1 afforded two corresponding [5,6]-adducts, 2 and 3, and a [6,6]-adduct, 4. The structural and electronic properties of these products were characterized by means of spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical methods. The structure of 2 was disclosed by means of single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. Thermal isomerization of 3 to 2 was observed, whereas that of 2 to 3 proceeded less efficiently at 100 °C. Upon heating under the same conditions, adduct 4 underwent facile decomposition to afford Sc3 N@Ih -C80 , or isomerized into small amounts of 2 and 3. The relative stabilities of 2, 3, and 4 were rationalized through the results of theoretical calculations. In contrast, adducts 2, 3, and 4 were stable under the photolytic conditions employed for carbosilylation. The photochemical functionalization of Sc3 N@Ih -C80 represents a convenient synthetic method to obtain thermally labile fullerene-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kako
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugiura
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Miyabe
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasui
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Jing-Dong Guo
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nagase
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan.,Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.,Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Ibaraki 3, 05-0821, Japan.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
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7
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Kako M, Minami K, Kuroiwa T, Fukazawa S, Arikawa Y, Yamada M, Maeda Y, Li QZ, Nagase S, Akasaka T. Photoreactions of Endohedral Metallofullerene with Siliranes: Electronic Properties of Carbosilylated Lu₃N@I h-C 80. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050850. [PMID: 28531116 PMCID: PMC6154294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photochemical carbosilylation of Lu3N@Ih-C80 was performed using siliranes (silacyclopropanes) to afford the corresponding [5,6]- and [6,6]-adducts. Electrochemical studies indicated that the redox potentials of the carbosilylated derivatives were shifted cathodically in comparison with those of the [5,6]-pyrrolidino adducts. The electronic effect of the silirane addends on Lu3N@Ih-C80 was verified on the basis of density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kako
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Minami
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan.
| | - Taiki Kuroiwa
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan.
| | - Shinpei Fukazawa
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuki Arikawa
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan.
| | - Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan.
| | - Qiao-Zhi Li
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Nagase
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan.
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
- Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Ibaraki 305-0821, Japan.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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8
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Yamada M, Abe T, Saito C, Yamazaki T, Sato S, Mizorogi N, Slanina Z, Uhlík F, Suzuki M, Maeda Y, Lian Y, Lu X, Olmstead MM, Balch AL, Nagase S, Akasaka T. Adamantylidene Addition to M 3 N@I h -C 80 (M=Sc, Lu) and Sc 3 N@D 5h -C 80 : Synthesis and Crystallographic Characterization of the [5,6]-Open and [6,6]-Open Adducts. Chemistry 2017; 23:6552-6561. [PMID: 28145046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Additions of adamantylidene (Ad) to M3 N@Ih -C80 (M=Sc, Lu) and Sc3 N@D5h -C80 have been accomplished by photochemical reactions with 2-adamantyl-2,3'-[3H]-diazirine (1). In M3 N@Ih -C80 , the addition led to rupture of the [6,6]- or [5,6]-bonds of the Ih -C80 cage, forming the [6,6]-open fulleroid as the major isomer and the [5,6]-open fulleroid as the minor isomer. In Sc3 N@D5h -C80 , the addition also proceeded regioselectively to yield three major isomeric Ad mono-adducts, despite the fact that there are nine types of C-C bonds in the D5h -C80 cage. The molecular structures of the seven Ad mono-adducts, including the positions of the encaged trimetallic nitride clusters, have been unambiguously determined through single-crystal XRD analyses. Furthermore, results have shown that stepwise addition of Ad to Lu3 N@Ih -C80 affords several Ad bis-adducts, two of which have been isolated and characterized. The X-ray structure of one bis-adduct clearly revealed that the second Ad addition took place at a [6,6]-bond close to an endohedral metal atom. Theoretical calculations have also been performed to rationalize the regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Abe
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Chiharu Saito
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamazaki
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Satoru Sato
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naomi Mizorogi
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Zdenek Slanina
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 62117, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Filip Uhlík
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Yongfu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Marilyn M Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Alan L Balch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Shigeru Nagase
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan.,Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China.,Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Ibaraki, 305-0821, Japan
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