1
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Kumar R, Khanna Y, Kaushik P, Kamal R, Khokhar S. Recent Advancements on Metal-Free Vicinal Diamination of Alkenes: Synthetic Strategies and Mechanistic Insights. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300017. [PMID: 36869415 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative aminative vicinal difunctionalization of alkenes or related chemical feedstocks has emerged as sustainable and multipurpose strategies that can efficiently construct two -N bonds, and simultaneously prepare the synthetically fascinating molecules and catalysis in organic synthesis that typically required multi-step reactions. This review summarized the impressive breakthroughs on synthetic methodologies (2015-2022) documented especially over inter/intra-molecular vicinal diamination of alkenes with electron-rich or deficient diverse nitrogen sources. These unprecedented strategies predominantly involved iodine-based reagents/catalysts, which resent the interest of organic chemists due to their impressive role as flexible, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly reagents, resulting in a wide variety of synthetically useful organic molecules. Moreover, the information collected also describes the significant role of catalyst, terminal oxidant, substrate scope, synthetic applications, and their unsuccessful results to highlight the limitations. Special emphasis has been given to proposed mechanistic pathways to determine the key factors governing the issues of regioselectivity, enantioselectivity, and diastereoselectivity ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana (INDIA
| | - Yugam Khanna
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana (INDIA
| | - Parul Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana (INDIA
| | - Raj Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, INDIA
| | - Shiwani Khokhar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, INDIA
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2
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Chen N, Deng TT, Li JQ, Cui XY, Sun WW, Wu B. Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Mediated Umpolung Dialkoxylation of N-Substituted Indoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12759-12771. [PMID: 36170012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report dialkoxylation of N-substituted indoles through a hypervalent iodine-mediated umpolung strategy, affording trans-2,3-dimethoxyindolines with up to 95% yield. In addition, C5-selective bromination of 2,3-dialkoxyindoline via NBS-mediated rearomatization was achieved. DFT calculation of the sequence of electrophilic addition and nucleophilic substitution pathway of N-substituted indoles has also been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ting-Ting Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jin-Quan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin-Yue Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wen-Wu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
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3
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Deng XJ, Liu HX, Zhang LW, Zhang GY, Yu ZX, He W. Iodoarene-Catalyzed Oxyamination of Unactivated Alkenes to Synthesize 5-Imino-2-Tetrahydrofuranyl Methanamine Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 86:235-253. [PMID: 33336571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Reported here is the room-temperature metal-free iodoarene-catalyzed oxyamination of unactivated alkenes. In this process, the alkenes are difunctionalized by the oxygen atom of the amide group and the nitrogen in an exogenous HNTs2 molecule. This mild and open-air reaction provided an efficient synthesis to N-bistosyl-substituted 5-imino-2-tetrahydrofuranyl methanamine derivatives, which are important motifs in drug development and biological studies. Mechanistic study based on experiments and density functional theory calculations showed that this transformation proceeds via activation of the substrate alkene by an in situ generated cationic iodonium(III) intermediate, which is subsequently attacked by an oxygen atom (instead of nitrogen) of amides to form a five-membered ring intermediate. Finally, this intermediate undergoes an SN2 reaction by NTs2 as the nucleophile to give the oxygen and nitrogen difunctionalized 5-imino-2-tetrahydrofuranyl methanamine product. An asymmetric variant of the present alkene oxyamination using chiral iodoarenes as catalysts also gave promising results for some of the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Deng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hui-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lu-Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guan-Yu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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4
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Yang ZH, Wang Q, Zhuo S, Xu LP. Mechanistic Study on Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Oxidative Amination: Roles of Ammonium Salts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6981-6991. [PMID: 32396725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Markovnikov selective oxidative amination reaction with simple alkenes is particularly promising but challenging because of the inherent electronic effect of the alkene substrate which is in favor of the Markovnikov product. In a recently reported Pd-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov oxidative amination reaction, the addition of quaternary ammonium salts is shown to be critical. We performed a comprehensive DFT study to elucidate the reaction mechanism and the origin of the regioselectivity, as well as the roles of the ammonium salts. Our results show that without and with the ammonium salts the reaction mechanisms are different. Detailed analyses indicate that the steric effects account for the switch of regioselectivity. The roles of the quaternary ammonium salts have been elucidated: (1) Me4NOAc plays the role of base in deprotonating the phthalimide and allows the reaction to proceed through a trans-aminopalladation mechanism; (2) Me4NCl facilitates the thermodynamically favorable transformation of Pd(OAc)2 to the palladate ([Pd(AcO)2Cl2]2-), which lessens the polarity of the carbon-carbon double bond, minimizes the inherent electronic effects, and leads to a steric-effect-controlled reaction; (3) Me4NCl is essential in decreasing the activation barrier in the rate-determining ligand exchange step by Cl- acting as a better leaving group (compared to AcO-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Zhuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
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5
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Zhou J, Song X, Zhao C, Wang L, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhang L. DFT Study on Oxidative Cyclization of
o‐
Alkynylbenzoates Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagent: Mechanism and Substituent Effect. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhou
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Xin Song
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Cheng‐Bin Zhao
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Ling‐Ling Wang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Qian Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300354 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and RecyclingSchool of ScienceTianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
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6
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Kaur A, Ariafard A. Mechanistic investigation into phenol oxidation by IBX elucidated by DFT calculations. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1117-1129. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) at the SMD/M06-2X/def2-TZVP//SMD/M06-2X/LANL2DZ(d),6-31G(d) level was used to explore the regioselective double oxidation of phenols by a hypervalent iodine(v) reagent (IBX) to give o-quinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritpal Kaur
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
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7
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Zhu TC, Xing YY, Sun Y, Duttwyler S, Hong X. Directed B–H functionalization of the closo-dodecaborate cluster via concerted iodination–deprotonation: reaction mechanism and origins of regioselectivity. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01019g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A concerted iodination–deprotonation process was discovered for the B–H bond iodination of closo-dodecaborate cluster, which is responsible for the regioselectivity of ortho-B–H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yang-Yang Xing
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yuji Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Simon Duttwyler
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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8
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Mai BK, Himo F. Mechanisms of Metal-Catalyzed Electrophilic F/CF3/SCF3 Transfer Reactions from Quantum Chemical Calculations. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Zheng H, Sang Y, Houk KN, Xue XS, Cheng JP. Mechanism and Origins of Enantioselectivities in Spirobiindane-Based Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Induced Asymmetric Dearomatizing Spirolactonizations. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16046-16056. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanliang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueqian Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Duhamel T, Martínez MD, Sideri IK, Muñiz K. 1,3-Diamine Formation from an Interrupted Hofmann–Löffler Reaction: Iodine Catalyst Turnover through Ritter-Type Amination. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Duhamel
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 16 Avgda. Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mario D. Martínez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 16 Avgda. Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ioanna K. Sideri
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 16 Avgda. Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 16 Avgda. Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Sreenithya A, Hadad CM, Sunoj RB. Hypercoordinate iodine for catalytic asymmetric diamination of styrene: insights into the mechanism, role of solvent, and stereoinduction. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7082-7090. [PMID: 31588276 PMCID: PMC6676474 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01513b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereoselectivity in the asymmetric diamination of styrene catalyzed by chiral hypercoordinate iodine originates from the prochiral face recognition when the substrate binds to the catalyst.
Hypercoordinate iodine has evolved as an impressive class of catalysts for various organic transformations. Extension of this idea to asymmetric applications, such as in the asymmetric difunctionalization of styrene or its derivatives, constitutes an important reaction. In this study, the mechanism and origin of stereoinduction in styrene diamination, with a sulfonimide (HNMs2) as the diaminating agent and iodoresorcinol (((iPr)2N(CO)-CH(Me)-O)2Ar–I) based chiral hypercoordinate iodine as the catalyst, are investigated using density functional theory calculations. The energetically preferred catalytic pathway has been found to involve, among other steps, two very important mechanistic events: (a) the formation of a catalyst–substrate complex by the action of styrene on the catalyst ArI(NMs2)2, resulting in the displacement of one of the imidates (NMs2–); and (b) a rebound of the departed imidate on the iodine-bound styrene to form an iodonium ion intermediate with a N–C bond. Explicit interaction of the imidate ion with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), used as a solvent additive, lowers the barrier for the formation of the iodonium ion. The P helical fold of the chiral arms of the iodoresorcinol catalyst is found to offer a chiral environment for the reactants. Coordination of the iodine catalyst to the styrene double bond is found to make the benzylic carbon more electrophilic and hence makes it the preferred site for the nucleophilic addition. In the chiral environment of the catalyst, an enhanced polarization of the styrene double bond is noticed when the double bond coordinates through the si prochiral face than the re face. Nucleophilic addition on the re face of the catalyst–substrate complex is associated with a lower activation barrier leading to the experimentally observed S enantiomeric product. The stereoselective model developed in this study can be employed to related asymmetric styrene difunctionalizations using similar hypercoordinate iodine catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sreenithya
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai , Mumbai 400076 , India .
| | - Christopher M Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai , Mumbai 400076 , India .
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12
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Farshadfar K, Chipman A, Yates BF, Ariafard A. DFT Mechanistic Investigation into BF3-Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation by a Hypervalent Iodine(III) Compound. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antony Chipman
- School of Physical Science (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag
75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Brian F. Yates
- School of Physical Science (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag
75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran, Iran
- School of Physical Science (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag
75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
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13
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Ganji B, Ariafard A. DFT mechanistic investigation into phenol dearomatization mediated by an iodine(iii) reagent. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3521-3528. [PMID: 30892343 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00028c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to investigate the mechanistic aspects of the oxidative dearomatization of phenols mediated by an iodine(iii) reagent. In this article, we will show that the conventional mechanism in which an iodine(iii) phenolate is proposed as the key intermediate is not operative, and the process is promoted if the phenolate ligand is dearomatized on the iodine(iii) center. The dearomatized phenolate is calculated to be a more potent reductant than phenolate itself. In such a case, the reaction is capable of proceeding via two competitive mechanisms (dissociative and associative). Consistent with the experimental findings, we found that while the less polar solvents considerably disfavor the dissociative mechanism, they have an insignificant effect on the associative one. The energetic order of these two mechanisms is calculated to be influenced by the nature of the counter anion coordinated to the iodine(iii) center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Ganji
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Lei B, Miao Q, Ma L, Fu R, Hu F, Ni N, Li Z. Efficient metal-free aminoiodination of alkenes with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2126-2133. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03019g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel regioselective and stereoselective transition-metal-free aminoiodination of alkenes through an iodonium intermediate using NFSI as both the oxidant and amino precursor under mild conditions with a broad alkene scope is disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Ruoqi Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Fangrong Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Ni Ni
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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15
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Li P, Cao Z. Mechanism Insight into the Csp3–H Amination Catalyzed by the Metal Phthalocyanine. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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16
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Abstract
The quest for the development of new protocols that provide general conditions for oxidative carbon-nitrogen bond formation has grown over recent years. Within this context, due to feasibility and benignity considerations in biochemical sciences, reactions that rely on main group oxidants as the only promoters have received particular interest. We have recently found that simple protonolysis events enable the incorporation of nitrogenated groups of the bissulfonimide family into the coordination sphere of common iodine(III) complexes such as diacetoxy iodobenzene. The products of the type ArI(OAc)(NTs2) represent rare examples of iodine(III) compounds displaying reactive iodine-nitrogen single bonds. Further protonolysis furnishes the corresponding iodine(III) compounds ArI(NTs2)2 containing two defined iodine-nitrogen single bonds for unprecedented dual transfer of both nitrogenated groups. It is of great synthetic importance that these new compounds contain iodine-nitrogen entities, which upon dissociation in solution lead to electrophilic iodine centers and nucleophilic nitrogen groups. This has enabled the development of a body of conceptually new amination reactions, which do not rely on conventional electrophilic nitrogen reagents but rather employ iodine(III) as an electrophilic activator and bissulfonimides as the source of subsequent nucleophilic amination. Additional diversification arises from the ambident nature of bissulfonimines enabling oxygenation pathways. The exciting chemistry covered in this Account comprises structural features of the reagents (including X-ray analysis), scope and limitation in synthetic amination of different hydrocarbons (including sp-, sp2-, and sp3-hybridized centers as in acetylenes, alkenes, enols, butadienes, allenes, arenes, and alkylketones), and physical-organic and theoretical analysis of the underlying reaction mechanisms. The oxidative transformations with all their rich diversifications originate from the versatile redox chemistry of the iodine(III) and iodine(I) pair, which shares several aspects of transition metal high oxidation state chemistry. For the present aryliodine(III) reagents, steric and electronic fine-tuning is possible through accurate engineering of the arene substituent. In addition to the general reactivity of the I-N bond, chiral aryliodine(III) reagents with defined stereochemical information in the aryl backbone are conceptually compatible with this approach. Thus, the development of enantioselective amination reactions with up to 99% ee was also successful. Several of the active enantioselective reagents have been isolated and structurally characterized. Following this approach for the important class of chiral vicinal diamines, an unprecedented direct diamination of alkenes could be conducted in an enantioselective catalytic manner under full intermolecular reaction control. This latter reaction is based on the precise engineering of a chiral aryliodine(III) catalyst in combination with bismesylimide as nitrogen source. It is the consequence of the precise understanding of the reaction behavior of structurally defined bisimidoiodine(III) reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Muñiz
- Institute for Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Mai BK, Szabó KJ, Himo F. Mechanisms of Rh-Catalyzed Oxyfluorination and Oxytrifluoromethylation of Diazocarbonyl Compounds with Hypervalent Fluoroiodine. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kálmán J. Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Guasch J, Giménez‐Nueno I, Funes‐Ardoiz I, Bernús M, Matheu MI, Maseras F, Castillón S, Díaz Y. Enantioselective Synthesis of Aminodiols by Sequential Rhodium‐Catalysed Oxyamination/Kinetic Resolution: Expanding the Substrate Scope of Amidine‐Based Catalysis. Chemistry 2018; 24:4635-4642. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Guasch
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcelino Domingo n.1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Irene Giménez‐Nueno
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcelino Domingo n.1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Ignacio Funes‐Ardoiz
- Intitut Català de Investigació Química (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology C/ Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Miguel Bernús
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcelino Domingo n.1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - M. Isabel Matheu
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcelino Domingo n.1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Intitut Català de Investigació Química (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology C/ Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de QuímicaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Sergio Castillón
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcelino Domingo n.1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Yolanda Díaz
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili C/ Marcelino Domingo n.1 43007 Tarragona Spain
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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20
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Labattut A, Tremblay PL, Moutounet O, Legault CY. Experimental and Theoretical Quantification of the Lewis Acidity of Iodine(III) Species. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11891-11896. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Labattut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l’Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Tremblay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l’Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Odile Moutounet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l’Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Claude Y. Legault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l’Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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21
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Ullah Z, Kim M. Metal-Free α-C(sp³)-H Functionalized Oxidative Cyclization of Tertiary N,N-Diaryl Amino Alcohols: Theoretical Approach for Mechanistic Pathway. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040547. [PMID: 28353679 PMCID: PMC6153740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic pathway of TEMPO/I₂-mediated oxidative cyclization of N,N-diaryl amino alcohols 1 was investigated. Based on direct empirical experiments, three key intermediates (aminium radical cation 3, α-aminoalkyl radical 4, and iminium 5), four types of reactive species (radical TEMPO, cationic TEMPO, TEMPO-I, and iodo radical), and three types of pathways ((1) SET/PCET mechanism; (2) HAT/1,6-H transfer mechanism; (3) ionic mechanism) were assumed. Under the assumption, nine free energy diagrams were acquired through density functional theory calculations. From the comparison of solution-phase free energy, some possible mechanisms were excluded, and then the chosen plausible mechanisms were concretized using the more stable intermediate 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Ullah
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Mihyun Kim
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
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22
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Theoretical study of Lewis acid activation models for hypervalent fluoroiodane reagent: The generality of “F-coordination” activation model. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Sreenithya A, Surya K, Sunoj RB. Hypercoordinate iodine(III) promoted reactions and catalysis: an update on current mechanistic understanding. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sreenithya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai India
| | - K. Surya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai India
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24
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Ishida K, Togo H, Moriyama K. Preparation of Heteroaromatic (Aryl)iodonium Imides as I−N Bond-Containing Hypervalent Iodine. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3583-3588. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Hideo Togo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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25
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Zhou B, Yan T, Xue XS, Cheng JP. Mechanism of Silver-Mediated Geminal Difluorination of Styrenes with a Fluoroiodane Reagent: Insights into Lewis-Acid-Activation Model. Org Lett 2016; 18:6128-6131. [PMID: 27934395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Fluorination mediated by the cyclic hypervalent fluoroiodane reagent (1) often requires an exogenous Lewis acid. The widely accepted Lewis-acid-activation model is that a given Lewis acid binds to the oxygen atom of 1 (O-coordination) to polarize the I-O bond. Computational studies of silver-mediated geminal difluorination of styrenes with 1 reveal a new "F-coordination" model that is energetically much preferred over the commonly accepted "O-coordination" model. The calculations rationalize the regioselective formation of the geminal difluorination product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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26
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Romero RM, Souto JA, Muñiz K. Substitution Effects of Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents in the Diamination of Styrene. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6118-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Martín Romero
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - José A. Souto
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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