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Mó O, Montero-Campillo MM, Yáñez M, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Dispersion, Rehybridization, and Pentacoordination: Keys to Understand Clustering of Boron and Aluminum Hydrides and Halides. J Phys Chem A 2023. [PMID: 37418427 PMCID: PMC10364081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The structure, stability, and bonding characteristics of dimers and trimers involving BX3 and AlX3 (X = H, F, Cl) in the gas phase, many of them explored for the first time, were investigated using different DFT (B3LYP, B3LYP/D3BJ, and M06-2X) and ab initio (MP2 and G4) methods together with different energy decomposition formalisms, namely, many-body interaction-energy and localized molecular orbital energy decomposition analysis. The electron density of the clusters investigated was analyzed with QTAIM, electron localization function, NCIPLOT, and adaptive natural density partitioning approaches. Our results for triel hydride dimers and Al2X6 (X = F, Cl) clusters are in good agreement with previous studies in the literature, but in contrast with the general accepted idea that B2F6 and B2Cl6 do not exist, we have found that they are predicted to be weakly bound systems if dispersion interactions are conveniently accounted for in the theoretical schemes used. Dispersion interactions are also dominant in both homo- and heterotrimers involving boron halide monomers. Surprisingly, B3F9 and B3Cl9 C3v cyclic trimers, in spite of exhibiting rather strong B-X (X = F, Cl) interactions, were found to be unstable with respect to the isolated monomers due to the high energetic cost of the rehybridization of the B atom, which is larger than the two- and three-body stabilization contributions when the cyclic is formed. Another important feature is the enhanced stability of both homo- and heterotrimers in which Al is the central atom because Al is systematically pentacoordinated, whereas this is not the case when the central atom is B, which is only tri- or tetra-coordinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Mó
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Merced Montero-Campillo
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Yáñez
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Montero-Campillo MM, Alkorta I, Mó O, Elguero J, Yáñez M. On predicting bonding patterns of small clusters of alkaline-earth (Be, Mg) and triel (B, Al) fluorides: a balance between atomic size and electron-deficient character. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2086935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Merced Montero-Campillo
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Otilia Mó
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Yáñez
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Becker C, Schwabedissen J, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Frustrated Lewis pair chemistry of hydride sponges. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6547-6564. [PMID: 35319060 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00585a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An improved synthesis for 1,8-bis(dimethylboranyl)naphthalene (1, hydride sponge) was developed avoiding the use of tin(IV) reagents. The related 1,2-bis(dimethylboranyl)benzene (2) was prepared. 1 combined with 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (3, proton sponge) is a Frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) that forms adducts [1-EHn-1][3-H] with the protic compounds EHn = H2O, NH3, H2S, PH3, H2Se, HCN. Their structures show the chelation of the deprotonated substrates, except for CN- (binds to one B atom of 1). The mechanisms of formation of [1-EHn-1][3-H] were explored by NMR spectroscopy. Similar reactions took places for the FLP system 2 + 3, but the adducts [2-EHn-1][3-H] are less stable; only the PH3 adduct was isolated and AsH3 forms a chelated adduct [2-NC(CD3)AsH2][3-H]. FLP 1 + 3 does not react with molecular hydrogen, but the formal adduct [1-H][3-H] was isolated via salt metathesis from K[1-H] and [3-H]Cl; it is stable towards water, atmospheric oxygen and up to 100 °C; its thermal decomposition proceeds without formation of H2. The stabilities of both, the mixture 1 + 3 + H2 and the formal adduct [1-H][3-H], allow concluding that hydrogen activation of FLP 1 + 3 is kinetically prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Becker
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Jan Schwabedissen
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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Clustering of Electron Deficient B‐ and Be‐Containing Analogues: In the Fight for Tetracoordination, Beryllium Takes the Lead. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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de Sousa DWO, Nascimento MAC. Substituent Effects on the Quantum Interference of Two-Center One-Electron Bonds: [B 2X 6] - (X = H, F, Cl, CN, OH, CH 3, and OCH 3). J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4558-4564. [PMID: 34014679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The interference energy analysis (IEA) provided by the generalized product function energy partitioning (GPF-EP) method was applied to investigate the influence of the neighboring atoms on the nature of the two-center one-electron (2c1e) bonds in the anion dimers of BX3 species (X = H, F, Cl, CN, OH, CH3, and OCH3). The species were studied at the GVB-PP(6/12).SC(1,2)/6-31**G++ level of calculation. The IEA has revealed that there is a balance between two main factors determining the chemical stability of the species. Quantum interference acts as the sole stabilizing effect in the formation of the chemical bonds, particularly as the result of the drop in kinetic energy, and the electronegativity of the substituent has a direct influence on the magnitude of this effect. The quasi-classical energy is responsible for the destabilizing factors, mainly the group bulkiness, and the "electron-withdrawing" effect in the case of the cyano group.
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Ibrahim MAA, Rady ASM, Al‐Fahemi JH, Telb EMZ, Ahmed SA, Shawky AM, Moussa NAM. ±
π‐Hole Interactions: A Comparative Investigation Based on Boron‐Containing Molecules. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Al‐shimaa S. M. Rady
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Jabir H. Al‐Fahemi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtisam M. Z. Telb
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71519 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU) Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory for Micro-analysis Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Nayra A. M. Moussa
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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Bélanger‐Chabot G, Braunschweig H. Hexahalogendiborat‐Dianionen: Eine neue Klasse binärer Borhalogenide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bélanger‐Chabot
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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Bélanger-Chabot G, Braunschweig H. Hexahalodiborate Dianions: A New Family of Binary Boron Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14270-14274. [PMID: 31361383 PMCID: PMC7028027 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The electron‐precise binary boron subhalide species [B2X6]2− X=F, Br, I) were synthesized and their structures confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The existence of the previously claimed [B2Cl6]2−, which had been questioned, was also confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The dianions are isoelectronic to hexahaloethanes, are subhalide analogues of the well‐known tetrahaloborate anions (BX4−), and are rare examples of molecular electron‐precise binary boron species beyond B2X4, BX3, and [BX4]−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bélanger-Chabot
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Valadbeigi Y, Kurtén T. Clustering of H2SO4 with BX3 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, CN, OH) compounds creates strong acids and superacids. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Alkorta I, Montero-Campillo MM, Elguero J, Yáñez M, Mó O. Trapping One Electron between Three Beryllium Atoms: Very Strong One-Electron Three-Center Bonds. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1068-1074. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC); Juan de la Cierva, 3 E-28006 Madrid Spain
| | | | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC); Juan de la Cierva, 3 E-28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Manuel Yáñez
- Dep. de Química; Facultad de Ciencias, Módulo 13, and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IadChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC; Cantoblanco E-28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Otilia Mó
- Dep. de Química; Facultad de Ciencias, Módulo 13, and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IadChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC; Cantoblanco E-28049 Madrid Spain
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One-Electron Bonds in Frustrated Lewis Pair TPB Ligands: Boron Behaving as a Lewis Base. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Kusevska E, Montero-Campillo MM, Mó O, Yáñez M. One-Electron Bonds in Frustrated Lewis Pair TPB Ligands: Boron Behaving as a Lewis Base. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:6788-6792. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kusevska
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Módulo 13.; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC; Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - M. Merced Montero-Campillo
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Módulo 13.; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC; Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Otilia Mó
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Módulo 13.; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC; Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Manuel Yáñez
- Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Módulo 13.; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC; Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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