1
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Wan D, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Pan J. Enzyme-Responsive Micelles with High Drug-Loading Capacity for Antitumor Therapy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400503. [PMID: 39212311 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
To overcome the poor targeting of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and the defects of low drug-loading capacity of conventional drug delivery systems, novel drug delivery systems with high drug-loading capacity are developed. Herein, the high drug-loaded mPEG79-GFLGDDD-DOX copolymer is first synthesized via an amide reaction, which can bond multiplex DOX. After PEGylation, the drug can resist the adsorption of proteins in the plasma in blood circulation, avoid being rapidly cleared out of the body, and prolong the circulation time of the drug in the blood, which is conducive to the enrichment of micelles in tumor tissues through the EPR effect. In tumor tissues, the peptide Glycine- Phenylalanine- Leucine- Glycine (GFLG) is recognized and sheared by overexpressed cathepsin B, which stripped the outer layer of methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) and made it more readily available for uptake by tumor cells. After entering the tumor cells, the bonded DOX and the physically encapsulated DOX in the micelles played a synergistic role, realizing the killing of tumor cells, thus effectively enhancing the therapeutic effect on tumors. The findings in this work suggest that a high drug-loading drug delivery system has great potential in the clinical treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yonghui Liu
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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2
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Adams F. Merging σ-Bond Metathesis with Polymerization Catalysis: Insights into Rare-Earth Metal Complexes, End-Group Functionalization, and Application Prospects. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400122. [PMID: 38831565 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Polymers with well-defined structures, synthesized through metal-catalyzed processes, and having end groups exhibiting different polarity and reactivity than the backbone, are gaining considerable attention in both scientific and industrial communities. These polymers show potential applications as fundamental building blocks and additives in the creation of innovative functional materials. Investigations are directed toward identifying the most optimal and uncomplicated synthetic approach by employing a combination of living coordination polymerization mediated by rare-earth metal complexes and C-H bond activation reaction by σ-bond metathesis. This combination directly yields catalysts with diverse functional groups from a single precursor, enabling the production of terminal-functionalized polymers without the need for sequential reactions, such as termination reactions. The utilization of this innovative methodology allows for precise control over end-group functionalities, providing a versatile approach to tailor the properties and applications of the resulting polymers. This perspective discusses the principles, challenges, and potential advancements associated with this synthetic strategy, highlighting its significance in advancing the interface of metalorganic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Adams
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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3
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Weingarten P, Thomas SR, Luiza de Andrade Querino A, Halama K, Kränzlein M, Casini A, Rieger B. A graft-to strategy of poly(vinylphosphonates) on dopazide-coated gold nanoparticles using in situ catalyst activation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8145-8149. [PMID: 38464693 PMCID: PMC10921843 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01116c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A modular synthetic pathway for poly(diethyl vinylphosphonates) grafting-to gold nanoparticles is presented. Utilising an azide-dopamine derivative as nanoparticle coating agent, alkyne-azide click conditions were used to covalently tether the polymer to gold nanoparticles leading to stable and well distributed colloids for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Weingarten
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Sophie R Thomas
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Ana Luiza de Andrade Querino
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Kerstin Halama
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Angela Casini
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 D-85748 Garching b. München Germany
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4
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Cowart A, Brük ML, Žoglo N, Roithmeyer H, Uudsemaa M, Trummal A, Selke K, Aav R, Kalenius E, Adamson J. Solution- and gas-phase study of binding of ammonium and bisammonium hydrocarbons to oxacalix[4]arene carboxylate. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1041-1048. [PMID: 36686943 PMCID: PMC9812018 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07614d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxacalixarenes represent a distinctive class of macrocyclic compounds, which are closely related to the parent calixarene family, offering binding motifs characteristic of calixarenes and crown ethers. Nevertheless, they still lack extensive characterization in terms of molecular recognition properties and the subsequent practical applicability. We present here the results of binding studies of an oxacalix[4]arene carboxylate macrocycle toward a variety of organic ammonium cationic species. Our results show that the substituents attached to the guest ammonium compound largely influence the binding strengths of the host. Furthermore, we show that the characteristic binding pattern changes upon transition from the gas phase to solution in terms of the governing intermolecular interactions. We identify the key factors affecting host-guest binding efficacy and suggest rules for the important molecular structural motifs of the interacting parts of ammonium guest species and the macrocycle to facilitate sensing of ammonium cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cowart
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia Tee 1512618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Mari-Liis Brük
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia Tee 1512618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Nikita Žoglo
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Helena Roithmeyer
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Merle Uudsemaa
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Aleksander Trummal
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Kaspar Selke
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Riina Aav
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia Tee 1512618 TallinnEstonia
| | - Elina Kalenius
- Department of Chemistry, NanoScience Center, University of JyväskyläSurvontie 9BFI-40014 JYFinland
| | - Jasper Adamson
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsAkadeemia Tee 2312618 TallinnEstonia
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5
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Wenisch SE, Schaffer A, Rieger B. Effect of Hofmeister Salts on the LCST of Poly(diethyl vinylphosphonate) and Poly(2‐vinylpyridine‐
block‐
diethyl vinylphosphonate). MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E. Wenisch
- WACKER‐Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER‐Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER‐Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München 85748 Garching bei München Germany
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6
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Liu M, Wang B, Li P, Liu X, Li Y. Sequentially bridging anionic addition and ring-opening polymerization by cooperative organocatalysis: Well-defined block copolymers from methacrylates and cyclic esters. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00339b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalytic sequential block copolymerization of dissimilar monomers with distinct chemical characteristics is great challenging, usually involving the integration of different polymerization mechanism. In this contribution, we reported the synthesis of...
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7
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Kränzlein M, Pehl TM, Adams F, Rieger B. Uniting Group-Transfer and Ring-Opening Polymerization─Block Copolymers from Functional Michael-Type Monomers and Lactones. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Pehl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Friederike Adams
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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8
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Halama K, Schaffer A, Rieger B. Allyl group-containing polyvinylphosphonates as a flexible platform for the selective introduction of functional groups via polymer-analogous transformations. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38555-38564. [PMID: 35493229 PMCID: PMC9044137 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06452e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyvinylphosphonates are highly promising candidates for (bio)medical applications as they exhibit a tunable lower critical solution temperature, high biocompatibility of homo- and copolymers, and a broad foundation for post-synthetic modifications. In this work we explored polymer-analogous transformations with statistical polyvinylphosphonates comprising diethyl vinylphosphonate (DEVP) and diallyl vinylphosphonate (DAlVP). The C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bonds were used as a starting point for a cascade of organic transformations. Initially, the reactive moieties were successfully introduced via bromination, epoxidations with OXONE and mCPBA, or thiol-ene click chemistry with methyl thioglycolate (6). The obtained substrates were then employed in a variety of consecutive reactions depending on the introduced functional motif: (1) the brominated substrates were converted with sodium azide to enable the copper-mediated alkyne-azide coupling with phenylacetylene (1). (2) The epoxides were reacted with sodium azide for an alkyne-azide click coupling with 1 as well as small nucleophilic compounds (phenol (2), benzylamine (3), and 4-amino-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol (4)). Afterwards the non-converted allyl groups were reacted with thiochloesterol (5) to form complex polymer conjugates. (3) An acid-labile hydrazone-linked conjugate was formed in a two-step approach. The polymeric substrates were characterized by NMR, FTIR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis and gel permeation chromatography to monitor the structural changes of the polymeric substrates and to prove the success of these modification approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Halama
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching near Munich Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching near Munich Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching near Munich Germany
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9
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Pehl TM, Adams F, Kränzlein M, Rieger B. Expanding the Scope of Organic Radical Polymers to Polyvinylphosphonates Synthesized via Rare-Earth Metal-Mediated Group-Transfer Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Pehl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Friederike Adams
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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10
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Saurwein A, Schaffer A, Wieser C, Rieger B. Synthesis, characterisation and functionalisation of BAB-type dual-responsive nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery: evolution of nanoparticles based on 2-vinylpyridine and diethyl vinylphosphonate. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1586-1594. [PMID: 35424109 PMCID: PMC8693642 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08902h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of nanomedicine gives new opportunities in the treatment of cancer. Aspects such as dosage, bioavailability or the application to the patient can be drastically improved. Previously our group reported an efficient route towards cross-linked nanospheres based on ABB' block copolymers made from 2-vinylpyridine (2VP), diethyl vinylphosphonate (DEVP) and diallyl vinylphosphonate (DAlVP). Followed by thiol-ene click chemistry stable nanoparticles were formed. Herein, this promising concept was extended to copolymers with the analogous B'BABB' architecture. In this context the new yttrium complex 5 was investigated in the rare-earth metal-mediated group transfer polymerisation (REM-GTP) and used for the generation of copolymers with different monomer feeds (2VP: 100-300 equiv.; DEVP: 200-300 equiv.; DAlVP: 6-20 equiv.) to explore the influence of the copolymer compositon on the nanoparticle properties. After successful cross-linking with various cross-linking agents, all nanoparticles were characterised via DLS and TEM. These size measurements revealed defined, almost spherical particles (d DLS = 17-52 nm; d TEM = 17-43 nm) and were mainly affected by the 2VP content and the cross-linking density. Zeta potential measurements resulted in values in the range from -6 mV to -22 mV and revealed an influence of the cross-linking agent on the surface charge. Studies on the release behaviour exhibited the fastest release at pH = 4.5. Temperature-wise best results were achieved at 42 °C. Furthermore, we aimed for the conjugation of folic acid as a model compound for a potential application in active drug targeting. The consecutive couplings of cysteamine and dithiol 6 enabled the formation of an amine-modified precursor which was reacted with a folic acid derivative. Zeta potential measurements and analysis by NMR spectroscopy corroborated a successful conjugation while DLS and TEM (d DLS = 44 nm; d TEM = 38 nm) indicated defined nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Saurwein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Near Munich Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Near Munich Germany
| | - Christina Wieser
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Near Munich Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Near Munich Germany
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11
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Schaffer A, Kränzlein M, Rieger B. Precise Synthesis of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Copolymers through C–H Bond-Activated Macroinitiators via Yttrium-Mediated Group Transfer Polymerization and Ring-Opening Polymerization. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching near, Munich 85748, Germany
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching near, Munich 85748, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching near, Munich 85748, Germany
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12
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C–H Bond Activation of Silyl-Substituted Pyridines with Bis(Phenolate)Yttrium Catalysts as a Facile Tool towards Hydroxyl-Terminated Michael-Type Polymers. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10040448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, silicon-protected, ortho-methylated hydroxy-pyridines were reported as initiators in 2-aminoalkoxy-bis(phenolate)yttrium complexes for rare earth metal-mediated group-transfer polymerization (REM-GTP) of Michael-type monomers. To introduce these initiators, C−H bond activation was performed by reacting [(ONOO)tBuY(X)(thf)] (X = CH2TMS, thf = tetrahydrofuran) with tert-butyl-dimethyl-silyl-functionalized α-methylpyridine to obtain the complex [(ONOOtBuY(X)(thf)] (X = 4-(4′-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)-2,6-di-methylpyridine). These initiators served as functional end-groups in polymers produced via REM-GTP. In this contribution, homopolymers of 2-vinylpyridine (2VP) and diethyl vinyl phosphonate (DEVP) were produced. Activity studies and end-group analysis via mass spectrometry, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and NMR spectroscopy were performed to reveal the initiator efficiency, the catalyst activity towards both monomers as well as the initiation mechanism of this initiator in contrast to commonly used alkyl initiators. In addition, 2D NMR studies were used to further confirm the end-group integrity of the polymers. For all polymers, different deprotection routes were evaluated to obtain hydroxyl-terminated poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) and poly(diethyl vinyl phosphonate) (PDEVP). Such hydroxyl groups bear the potential to act as anchoring points for small bioactive molecules, for post-polymerization functionalization or as macroinitiators for further polymerizations.
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13
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Adams F, Pehl TM, Kränzlein M, Kernbichl SA, Kang JJ, Papadakis CM, Rieger B. (Co)polymerization of (−)-menthide and β-butyrolactone with yttrium-bis(phenolates): tuning material properties of sustainable polyesters. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00379d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable thermoplastic elastomers derived from block copolymers of syndiotactic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly((−)-menthide) were synthesized via yttrium-mediated ring-opening polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Adams
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Thomas M. Pehl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Sebastian A. Kernbichl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Jia-Jhen Kang
- Soft Matter Physics Group
- Physics Department
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Soft Matter Physics Group
- Physics Department
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
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14
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Schaffer A, Weger M, Rieger B. From lanthanide-mediated, high-precision group transfer polymerization of Michael-type monomers, to intelligent, functional materials. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Synthesis and in vivo anti- or pro-inflammatory activity of new bisphosphonates and vinylphosphonates. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Schwarzenböck C, Nelson PJ, Huss R, Rieger B. Synthesis of next generation dual-responsive cross-linked nanoparticles and their application to anti-cancer drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:16062-16068. [PMID: 30109346 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04760j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth metal-mediated group transfer polymerisation enables the synthesis of previously inaccessible block copolymers of 2-vinylpyridine, diethyl vinylphosphonate and the new diallyl vinylphosphonate monomer. This precision polymerisation and the selective cross-linking of allyl side groups via thiol-ene click chemistry leads to the formation of well-defined dual-responsive nanoparticles. We demonstrate that these next generation nanocarriers are pH- and temperature-responsive and are capable of efficiently delivering doxorubicin into the nucleus of cancer cells. High anti-cancer activity could be demonstrated via cytotoxicity tests on breast cancer (MCF-7) and cervical cancer (HeLa) cells. These results validate this modular synthesis route as an ideal platform for the development of sophisticated nanocarriers for future drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schwarzenböck
- WACKER Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
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17
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Adams F, Pschenitza M, Rieger B. Yttrium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bipyridine‐Functionalized AB‐Block Copolymers: Micellar Support for Photocatalytic Active Rhenium‐Complexes. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Adams
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - M. Pschenitza
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - B. Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
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18
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Schwarzenböck C, Vagin SI, Heinz WR, Nelson PJ, Rieger B. Studies on the Biocompatibility of Poly(diethyl vinyl-phosphonate) with a New Fluorescent Marker. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800259. [PMID: 29892983 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of group transfer polymerization for the synthesis of poly(diethyl vinylphosphonate) (PDEVP) allows its controlled end-group functionalization. Thus, a new fluorescent chromophore/PDEVP conjugate is prepared and subjected to biocompatibility tests on two different human cell lines. In contrast to the previous studies, the tagged polymer is not absorbed by cells from the solution and has nearly no impact on cell mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schwarzenböck
- Wacker Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Sergei I Vagin
- Wacker Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Werner R Heinz
- Wacker Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Nephrologisches Zentrum und Arbeitsgruppe Klinische Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstraße 42, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- Wacker Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
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19
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Schwarzenböck C, Schaffer A, Nößner E, Nelson PJ, Huss R, Rieger B. Fluorescent Polyvinylphosphonate Bioconjugates for Selective Cellular Delivery. Chemistry 2018; 24:2584-2587. [PMID: 29315897 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, many poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) biomolecule conjugates have been described, but they often show long response times, are not bio-inert, or lose function in biological fluids. Herein, we present a modular synthetic approach to generate polyvinylphosphonate biomolecule conjugates. These conjugates exhibit a sharp phase transition temperature even under physiological conditions where few other examples with this property have been described to date. Furthermore, it was feasible to add biological functions to the polymers via the conjugation step. The polyvinylphosphonate cholesterol constructs are attached to the cellular membrane and the folic acid anchored polymers are shuttled into the cells. This is an exceptional finding through a straightforward synthetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schwarzenböck
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Elfriede Nößner
- Immunoanalytics: Research Group Tissue Control of Immunocytes, & Core Facility, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Marchioninistraße 25, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Nephrologisches Zentrum und Arbeitsgruppe Klinische Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstraße 42, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Ralf Huss
- Definiens AG, Bernhard-Wicki-Straße 5, 80636, München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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20
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Adams F, Pahl P, Rieger B. Metal-Catalyzed Group-Transfer Polymerization: A Versatile Tool for Tailor-Made Functional (Co)Polymers. Chemistry 2018; 24:509-518. [PMID: 29044792 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Accommodating the increasing demand for tailor-made polymers is a major goal in polymer chemistry. Therefore, the investigation of polymerization techniques, which allow the precise synthesis of macromolecules is of exceptional interest. Ionic or controlled radical polymerization are capable living-type methods for the generation of uniform polymers. However, even these approaches reach their limits in certain issues. In the last decades, group-transfer polymerization (GTP) and especially metal-catalyzed GTP have proven to give access to a plethora of tailor-made homo- and copolymers based on α,β-unsaturated monomers. Thereby, GTP has established its potential in the development of functional and smart polymers. This concept article highlights the most significant progress in metal-catalyzed GTP with a focus on functional (co)polymers including different polymeric architectures and microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Adams
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Philipp Pahl
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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21
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Visible light-induced thione-ene cycloaddition reaction for the surface modification of polymeric materials. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Pahl P, Schwarzenböck C, Herz FAD, Soller BS, Jandl C, Rieger B. Core-First Synthesis of Three-Armed Star-Shaped Polymers by Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Group Transfer Polymerization. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Pahl
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Christina Schwarzenböck
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Fabian A. D. Herz
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Benedikt S. Soller
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technische Universität München, Ernst-Otto-Fischer
Straße 1, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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23
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Adams F, Machat MR, Altenbuchner PT, Ehrmaier J, Pöthig A, Karsili TNV, Rieger B. Toolbox of Nonmetallocene Lanthanides: Multifunctional Catalysts in Group-Transfer Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:9754-9764. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Adams
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Martin R. Machat
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Peter T. Altenbuchner
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Johannes Ehrmaier
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Tolga N. V. Karsili
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, §Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, and ‡Department Chemie & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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24
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2016. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Jia Y, Xu X, Ou J, Liu X, Shi FN. A carbon based drug delivery system derived from a one-dimensional coordination polymer, doxorubicin loading and redox-responsive release. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A redox-responsive drug delivery system has been fabricated through the modification of –S–S– bonds on coordination polymer derived mesoporous carbon nanoparticles with Ag as a “gatekeeper”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jia
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast University
- Shenyang
- P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast University
- Shenyang
- P.R. China
| | - Jinzhao Ou
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast University
- Shenyang
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast University
- Shenyang
- P.R. China
| | - Fa-nian Shi
- School of Science
- Shenyang University of Technology
- Shenyang 110870
- P. R. China
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