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Zha S, Liu H, Li H, Li H, Wong KL, All AH. Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1820-1845. [PMID: 38193927 PMCID: PMC10811692 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized semipermeable structure that highly regulates exchanges between the central nervous system parenchyma and blood vessels. Thus, the BBB also prevents the passage of various forms of therapeutic agents, nanocarriers, and their cargos. Recently, many multidisciplinary studies focus on developing cargo-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) to overcome these challenges, which are emerging as safe and effective vehicles in neurotheranostics. In this Review, first we introduce the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the BBB. Second, we present the endogenous and exogenous transport mechanisms by which NPs cross the BBB. We report various forms of nanomaterials, carriers, and their cargos, with their detailed BBB uptake and permeability characteristics. Third, we describe the effect of regulating the size, shape, charge, and surface ligands of NPs that affect their BBB permeability, which can be exploited to enhance and promote neurotheranostics. We classify typical functionalized nanomaterials developed for BBB crossing. Fourth, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in developing functional polymeric nanomaterials for applications in multimodal bioimaging, therapeutics, and drug delivery. Finally, we conclude by discussing existing challenges, directions, and future perspectives in employing functionalized nanomaterials for BBB crossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zha
- Hubei
University of Chinese Medicine, School of
Laboratory Medicine, 16
Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei
Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Hong
Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 224 Waterloo
Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hengde Li
- Hong
Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 224 Waterloo
Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Haolan Li
- Dalian
University of Technology School of Chemical
Engineering, Lingshui
Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ka-Leung Wong
- The
Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Building Y815, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Angelo Homayoun All
- Hong
Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 224 Waterloo
Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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2
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Hong AR, Shin S, Kang G, Ko H, Jang HS. Intense Near-Infrared Light-Emitting NaYF 4:Nd,Yb-Based Nanophosphors for Luminescent Solar Concentrators. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3187. [PMID: 37110026 PMCID: PMC10145680 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized NaYF4-based downshifting nanophosphors (DSNPs), and fabricated DSNP-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. Nd3+ ions were doped into the core and shell to increase absorbance at 800 nm. Yb3+ ions were co-doped into the core to achieve intense near-infrared (NIR) luminescence. To further enhance the NIR luminescence, NaYF4:Nd,Yb/NaYF4:Nd/NaYF4 core/shell/shell (C/S/S) DSNPs were synthesized. The C/S/S DSNPs showed a 3.0-fold enhanced NIR emission at 978 nm compared with core DSNPs under 800 nm NIR light. The synthesized C/S/S DSNPs showed high thermal stability and photostability against the irradiation with ultraviolet light and NIR light. Moreover, for application as luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), C/S/S DSNPs were incorporated into the PDMS polymer, and the DSNP-PDMS composite containing 0.25 wt% of C/S/S DSNP was fabricated. The DSNP-PDMS composite showed high transparency (average transmittance = 79.4% for the visible spectral range of 380-750 nm). This result demonstrates the applicability of the DSNP-PDMS composite in transparent photovoltaic modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Ra Hong
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (A.-R.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Seungyong Shin
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (A.-R.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Gumin Kang
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Hyungduk Ko
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Ho Seong Jang
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (A.-R.H.); (S.S.)
- Division of Nano & Information Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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Li H, Zha S, Li H, Liu H, Wong KL, All AH. Polymeric Dendrimers as Nanocarrier Vectors for Neurotheranostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203629. [PMID: 36084240 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are polymers with well-defined 3D branched structures that are vastly utilized in various neurotheranostics and biomedical applications, particularly as nanocarrier vectors. Imaging agents can be loaded into dendrimers to improve the accuracy of diagnostic imaging processes. Likewise, combining pharmaceutical agents and anticancer drugs with dendrimers can enhance their solubility, biocompatibility, and efficiency. Practically, by modifying ligands on the surface of dendrimers, effective therapeutic and diagnostic platforms can be constructed and implemented for targeted delivery. Dendrimer-based nanocarriers also show great potential in gene delivery. Since enzymes can degrade genetic materials during their blood circulation, dendrimers exhibit promising packaging and delivery alternatives, particularly for central nervous system (CNS) treatments. The DNA and RNA encapsulated in dendrimers represented by polyamidoamine that are used for targeted brain delivery, via chemical-structural adjustments and appropriate generation, significantly improve the correlation between transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. This article reports a comprehensive review of dendrimers' structures, synthesis processes, and biological applications. Recent progress in diagnostic imaging processes and therapeutic applications for cancers and other CNS diseases are presented. Potential challenges and future directions in the development of dendrimers, which provide the theoretical basis for their broader applications in healthcare, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengde Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zha
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Haolan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ka-Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Angelo H All
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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4
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Zha S, Wong K, All AH. Intranasal Delivery of Functionalized Polymeric Nanomaterials to the Brain. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102610. [PMID: 35166052 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous delivery of nanomaterials containing therapeutic agents and various cargos for treating neurological disorders is often constrained by low delivery efficacy due to difficulties in passing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles (NPs) administered intranasally can move along olfactory and trigeminal nerves so that they do not need to pass through the BBB, allowing non-invasive, direct access to selective neural pathways within the brain. Hence, intranasal (IN) administration of NPs can effectively deliver drugs and genes into targeted regions of the brain, holding potential for efficacious disease treatment in the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, current methods for delivering conjugated NPs to the brain are primarily discussed. Distinctive potential mechanisms of therapeutic nanocomposites delivered via IN pathways to the brain are then discussed. Recent progress in developing functional NPs for applications in multimodal bioimaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics is also reviewed. This review is then concluded by discussing existing challenges, new directions, and future perspectives in IN delivery of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zha
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
| | - Ka‐Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
| | - Angelo H. All
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
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Patel M, Meenu M, Pandey JK, Kumar P, Patel R. Recent development in upconversion nanoparticles and their application in optogenetics: A review. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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6
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Upconversion Nanoparticle-Mediated Optogenetics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33398847 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-8763-4_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticle-mediated optogenetics enables remote delivery of upconverted visible light from a near-infrared light source to targeted neurons or areas, with the precision of a pulse of laser light in vivo for effective deep-tissue neuromodulation. Compared to conventional optogenetic tools, upconversion nanoparticle-based optogenetic techniques are less invasive and cause reduced inflammation with minimal levels of tissue damage. In addition to the optical stimulation, this design offers simultaneously temperature recording in proximity to the stimulated area. This chapter strives to provide life science researchers with an introduction to upconversion optogenetics, starting from the fundamental concept of photon upconversion and nanoparticle fabrication to the current state-of-the-art of surface engineering and device integration for minimally invasive neuromodulation.
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7
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Effect of ytterbium amount on LaNbO 4:Tm 3+,Yb 3+ nanoparticles for bio-labelling applications. Adv Med Sci 2020; 65:324-331. [PMID: 32563181 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work investigates how Yb3+ concentration affects the luminescent properties of LaNbO4 nanoparticles for medical imaging applications. Due to the highly transparent optical window for organic tissues in the near infrared region (650-1000 nm), upconversion fluorescence allows near infrared wavelengths to penetrate deeply into tissues, which is useful in biomedical areas such as biodetection, activated phototherapy, and screening. MATERIALS/METHOD Upconversion nanoparticles based on LaNbO4 doped with Tm3+ and Yb3+ were prepared by the one-step industrial process called Spray Pyrolysis. Samples with different Tm3+:Yb3+ molar ratios (1:4, 1:8 and 1:16) were obtained. RESULTS The X-ray powder diffractograms of all the samples displayed the typical peaks of a crystalline material (tetragonal phase). Emission bands emerged in the blue, red, and near infrared regions, and they corresponded to the Tm3+1G4 → 3H6 (475 nm), 1G4 → 3F4 (650 nm), 3F2,3 → 3H6 (690 nm), and 3H4 → 3H6 (803 nm) transitions, which indicated a two-photon absorption process. As for bio-labelling application, the results indicated that Yb3+ concentration was directly related to signal intensity. CONCLUSIONS The intensity of positive conversion emissions depends directly on Yb3+ concentration. The bio-labelling tests pointed to the potential application of these materials. The sample containing the highest amount of Yb3+ provided better results and was easier to detect than the standard sample.
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Park W, Cho S, Kang D, Han JH, Park JH, Lee B, Lee J, Kim DH. Tumor Microenvironment Targeting Nano-Bio Emulsion for Synergistic Combinational X-Ray PDT with Oncolytic Bacteria Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901812. [PMID: 32529747 PMCID: PMC7523430 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Various cancer therapies have been developed, but tumor recurrence with incomplete tumor killing and remaining tumor cells/tissues is frequent in monotherapies. Herein, a nano-bio therapeutic emulsion formulated with multifunctional nanoscintillators and anaerobic Clostridium novyi-NT spores for synergistic image-guided combinational cancer therapy is reported. MRI visible nanoscintillators (NSs) are synthesized with a NaGdF4 :Tb,Ce@NaGdF4 core/shell structure for an image-guided X-ray photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the normoxic peripheral tumor. An anaerobic oncolytic bacterium (C. novyi-NT) therapy is combined to treat the hypoxic central tumor tissues. Photosensitizer-coated NSs (PS-NSs) and C. novyi-NT spores are emulsified with clinically available ethiodized oil (Lipiodol) to be the nano-bio therapeutic emulsion and injected into the tumor with computed tomography image guidance. The distribution of nano-bio therapeutic emulsion, including PS-NSs and anaerobic C. novyi-NT spores in the tumor site, is confirmed by both X-ray and T1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Following the image-guided X-ray PDT and anaerobic C. novyi- NT combination treatment, apoptotic cell death in cancer tissues, including both peripheral and central tumor regions, is significantly higher than in the control groups. This combination therapy approach using a nano-bio therapeutic emulsion is expected to overcome the limitations of conventional cancer therapy, resulting in increased cancer-therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooram Park
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojeong Cho
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Dongkyu Kang
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeok Han
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Park
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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9
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Wang M, Han Y, Yu X, Liang L, Chang H, Yeo DC, Wiraja C, Wee ML, Liu L, Liu X, Xu C. Upconversion Nanoparticle Powered Microneedle Patches for Transdermal Delivery of siRNA. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1900635. [PMID: 31788987 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) permit the delivery of nucleic acids like small interfering RNA (siRNA) through the stratum corneum and subsequently into the skin tissue. However, skin penetration is only the first step in successful implementation of siRNA therapy. These delivered siRNAs need to be resistant to enzymatic degradation, enter target cells, and escape the endosome-lysosome degradation axis. To address this challenge, this article introduces a nanoparticle-embedding MN system that contains a dissolvable hyaluronic acid (HA) matrix and mesoporous silica-coated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs@mSiO2 ). The mesoporous silica (mSiO2 ) shell is used to load and protect siRNA while the upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) core allows the tracking of MN skin penetration and NP diffusion through upconversion luminescence imaging or optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. Once inserted into the skin, the HA matrix dissolves and UCNPs@mSiO2 diffuse in the skin tissue before entering the cells for delivering the loaded genes. As a proof of concept, this system is used to deliver molecular beacons (MBs) and siRNA targeting transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor (TGF-βRI) that is potentially used for abnormal scar treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChongqing University Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Yiyuan Han
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
- School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710027 China
| | - Liangliang Liang
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Hao Chang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - David C. Yeo
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08‐04, Innovis Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Christian Wiraja
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Mei Ling Wee
- School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological University 60 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Linbo Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
- National Dental Centre of Singapore 5 Second Hospital Avenue Singapore 168938 Singapore
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10
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All AH, Zeng X, Teh DBL, Yi Z, Prasad A, Ishizuka T, Thakor N, Hiromu Y, Liu X. Expanding the Toolbox of Upconversion Nanoparticles for In Vivo Optogenetics and Neuromodulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803474. [PMID: 31432555 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics is an optical technique that exploits visible light for selective neuromodulation with spatio-temporal precision. Despite enormous effort, the effective stimulation of targeted neurons, which are located in deeper structures of the nervous system, by visible light, remains a technical challenge. Compared to visible light, near-infrared illumination offers a higher depth of tissue penetration owing to a lower degree of light attenuation. Herein, an overview of advances in developing new modalities for neural circuitry modulation utilizing upconversion-nanoparticle-mediated optogenetics is presented. These developments have led to minimally invasive optical stimulation and inhibition of neurons with substantially improved selectivity, sensitivity, and spatial resolution. The focus is to provide a comprehensive review of the mechanistic basis for evaluating upconversion parameters, which will be useful in designing, executing, and reporting optogenetic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Homayoun All
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xiao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Daniel Boon Loong Teh
- Department of Medicine & Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Zhigao Yi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ankshita Prasad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Toru Ishizuka
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nitish Thakor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine & Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Yawo Hiromu
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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Liang L, Teh DBL, Dinh ND, Chen W, Chen Q, Wu Y, Chowdhury S, Yamanaka A, Sum TC, Chen CH, Thakor NV, All AH, Liu X. Upconversion amplification through dielectric superlensing modulation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1391. [PMID: 30918264 PMCID: PMC6437158 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving efficient photon upconversion under low irradiance is not only a fundamental challenge but also central to numerous advanced applications spanning from photovoltaics to biophotonics. However, to date, almost all approaches for upconversion luminescence intensification require stringent controls over numerous factors such as composition and size of nanophosphors. Here, we report the utilization of dielectric microbeads to significantly enhance the photon upconversion processes in lanthanide-doped nanocrystals. By modulating the wavefront of both excitation and emission fields through dielectric superlensing effects, luminescence amplification up to 5 orders of magnitude can be achieved. This design delineates a general strategy to converge a low-power incident light beam into a photonic hotspot of high field intensity, while simultaneously enabling collimation of highly divergent emission for far-field accumulation. The dielectric superlensing-mediated strategy may provide a major step forward in facilitating photon upconversion processes toward practical applications in the fields of photobiology, energy conversion, and optogenetics. Emission levels useful for applications from upconversion nanoparticles require high laser irradiance. Here, Liang et al. exploit the superlensing effect from dielectric microbeads to enhance the luminescence efficiency of upconversion nanoparticles and show its application for optogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Daniel B L Teh
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Singapore Institute of Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Ngoc-Duy Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Qiushui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yiming Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Srikanta Chowdhury
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,CREST, JST, Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,CREST, JST, Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Singapore Institute of Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Nitish V Thakor
- Singapore Institute of Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Angelo H All
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,Singapore Institute of Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore. .,Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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12
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Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) exhibit unique optical characteristics, including a large anti-Stokes shift, a long luminescence lifetime, sharp emission bands, and high photostability. These virtues make UCNPs highly useful in many emerging applications such as biolabeling, security, multicolor displays, and optogenetics. Despite the enticing prospects of UCNPs, their practical utility is greatly hindered by the low efficiency of the conversion from near-infrared (NIR) excitation to visible emission. In a typical nanosystem codoped with sensitizers and activators, upconversion processes occur through NIR light sensitization, energy transfer from sensitizers to activators, sequential energy population at the excited states of the activators, and eventually the release of higher-energy photons. In fact, in the upconversion nanosystem, each step in the energy flux, including NIR energy injection, energy transfer and migration, and energy dissipation, has a decisive effect on the resulting luminescence intensity. Important in-depth studies have been conducted in pursuit of brighter UCNPs. Specifically, lanthanide ions possessing larger absorption cross sections (Nd3+) or organic dye molecules have been chosen as NIR light sensitizers to improve the light harvesting ability of upconversion nanostructures. The doping concentration and spatial distribution of lanthanide ions are strictly managed to mitigate detrimental energy cross-talk processes. The surfaces of UCNPs are passivated with epitaxially grown layers to block surface quenching. Therefore, rational design of energy flux manipulation, through control of excitation energy collection, transmission, and release in a three-dimensional nanospace of UCNPs, is crucial in constructing nanosystems with high upconversion efficiencies. In this Account, from an energy flux manipulation perspective, we attempt to provide an overview of general and emerging strategies for the design of efficient lanthanide-mediated photon upconversion nanosystems. With the significant progress made over the past several years, we are now able to design a series of upconversion nanoplatforms with efficient NIR light harvesting ability, sufficient energy transmission channels, and low levels of luminescence quenching at the particle's surface. In addition to providing a deep understanding of the underlying mechanism of energy flux, these discoveries will guide the development of upconversion nanosystems with significantly improved performance. The key aspects of this Account of energy flux manipulation in upconversion nanosystems mainly include the management of NIR photon energy injection, the optimization of efficient energy transfer pathways, and the minimization of energy flux leakage. Future challenges and opportunities for the development of efficient upconversion nanosystems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Kezhi Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
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13
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Oliveira H, Bednarkiewicz A, Falk A, Fröhlich E, Lisjak D, Prina‐Mello A, Resch S, Schimpel C, Vrček IV, Wysokińska E, Gorris HH. Critical Considerations on the Clinical Translation of Upconversion Nanoparticles (UCNPs): Recommendations from the European Upconversion Network (COST Action CM1403). Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801233. [PMID: 30536962 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The unique photoluminescent properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted worldwide research interest and inspired many bioanalytical applications. The anti-Stokes emission with long luminescence lifetimes, narrow and multiple absorption and emission bands, and excellent photostability enable background-free and multiplexed detection in deep tissues. So far, however, in vitro and in vivo applications of UCNPs are restricted to the laboratory use due to safety concerns. Possible harmful effects may originate from the chemical composition but also from the small size of UCNPs. Potential end users must rely on well-founded safety data. Thus, a risk to benefit assessment of the envisioned combined therapeutic and diagnostic ("theranostic") applications is fundamentally important to bridge the translational gap between laboratory and clinics. The COST Action CM1403 "The European Upconversion Network-From the Design of Photon-Upconverting Nanomaterials to Biomedical Applications" integrates research on UCNPs ranging from fundamental materials synthesis and research, detection instrumentation, biofunctionalization, and bioassay development to toxicity testing. Such an interdisciplinary approach is necessary for a better and safer theranostic use of UCNPs. Here, the status of nanotoxicity research on UCNPs is compared to other nanomaterials, and routes for the translation of UCNPs into clinical applications are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Oliveira
- Department of BiologyCESAM‐Centre for Environmental and Marine StudiesCICECO‐Aveiro Institute of MaterialsUniversity of Aveiro 3810‐193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Artur Bednarkiewicz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure ResearchPolish Academy of Sciences ul.Okolna 2 50422 Wroclaw Poland
- PORT Sp. z o.o. Stablowicka 147 Str. 54‐066 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Andreas Falk
- BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical ResearchMedical University of Graz Stiftingtalstrasse 24 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Darja Lisjak
- Department for Materials SynthesisJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Adriele Prina‐Mello
- LBCAM and Nanomedicine LaboratoryTrinity Translational Medicine InstituteTrinity College Dublin Dublin 8 Republic of Ireland
| | - Susanne Resch
- BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Christa Schimpel
- BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Ksaverska cesta 2 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Edyta Wysokińska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyPolish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryChemo‐ and BiosensorsUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
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14
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Wang Y, Zheng K, Song S, Fan D, Zhang H, Liu X. Remote manipulation of upconversion luminescence. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6473-6485. [PMID: 29901043 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00124c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The precise control over the luminescence profile of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials is of fundamental importance for their applications in wide-ranging fields of research. Conventional chemical approaches can lead to color-tunable emissions, but they generally require stringent modification either on dopant composition or doping concentration. In this Tutorial Review, we highlight a number of complementary methods that offer remote dynamic modulation of upconversion luminescence across the visible spectrum. This review serves to provide a summary of existing guidelines for controlling the emission spectrum of upconversion nanocrystals with fixed materials composition. The review will also discuss the major approaches to manipulating excitation energies and consider likely research challenges for further development of the field at the interface between nanotechnology and biological science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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15
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Ding MY, Hou JJ, Yuan YJ, Bai WF, Lu CH, Xi JH, Ji ZG, Chen DQ. Nd 3+/Yb 3+ cascade-sensitized single-band red upconversion emission in active-core/active-shell nanocrystals. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:345704. [PMID: 29869998 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaca76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials (UCNMs) have promoted extensive interest for its biological research and biomedical applications, benefiting from low autofluorescence background, deep light penetration depth, and minimal photo-damage to biological tissues. However, owing to the 980 nm laser-induced overheating issue and the attenuation effect associated with conventional multi-peak emissions, the usage of UCNMs as fluorescent bioprobes is still limited. To address these issues, an effective strategy has been proposed to tune both the excitation and emission peaks of UCNMs into the first biological window (650 ∼ 900 nm), where the light absorption by water and hemoglobin in biological tissues is minimal. Based on the Nd3+/Yb3+ cascade-sensitized upconversion process and efficient exchange-energy transfer between Mn2+ and Er3+ in conjunction with the active-core@active-shell nanostructured design, we have developed a new class of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that exhibit strong single-band red emission upon excitation of an 808 nm near-infrared laser. Hopefully, the well-designed KMnF3:Yb/Er/Nd@ KMnF3:Yb/Nd core-shell nanocrystals will be considered a promising alternative to conventionally used UCNPs for biolabeling applications without the concern of the overheating issue and the attenuation constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Ding
- College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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16
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Labrador-Páez L, Ximendes EC, Rodríguez-Sevilla P, Ortgies DH, Rocha U, Jacinto C, Martín Rodríguez E, Haro-González P, Jaque D. Core-shell rare-earth-doped nanostructures in biomedicine. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:12935-12956. [PMID: 29953157 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The current status of the use of core-shell rare-earth-doped nanoparticles in biomedical applications is reviewed in detail. The different core-shell rare-earth-doped nanoparticles developed so far are described and the most relevant examples of their application in imaging, sensing, and therapy are summarized. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages they present are discussed. Finally, a critical opinion of their potential application in real life biomedicine is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Labrador-Páez
- Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Zhang Z, Suo H, Zhao X, Sun D, Fan L, Guo C. NIR-to-NIR Deep Penetrating Nanoplatforms Y 2O 3:Nd 3+/Yb 3+@SiO 2@Cu 2S toward Highly Efficient Photothermal Ablation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14570-14576. [PMID: 29637783 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A difunctional nano-photothermal therapy (PTT) platform with near-infrared excitation to near-infrared emission (NIR-to-NIR) was constructed through core-shell structures Y2O3:Nd3+/Yb3+@SiO2@Cu2S (YRSC), in which the core Y2O3:Nd3+/Yb3+ and shell Cu2S play the role of bioimaging and photothermal conversion function, respectively. The structure and composition of the present PTT agents (PTAs) were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectra. The NIR emissions of samples in the biological window area were measured by photoluminescence spectra under the excitation of 808 nm laser; further, the penetration depth of NIR emission at different wavelengths in biological tissue was also demonstrated by comparing with visible (vis) emission from Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2@Cu2S and NIR emission from YRSC through different injection depths in pork muscle tissues. The photo-thermal conversion effects were achieved through the outer ultrasmall Cu2S nanoparticles simultaneously absorb NIR light emission from the core Y2O3:Nd3+/Yb3+ and the 808 nm excitation source to generate heat. Further, the heating effect of YRSC nanoparticles was confirmed by thermal imaging and ablation of YRSC to Escherichia coli and human hepatoma (HepG-2) cells. Results indicate that the YRSC has potential applications in PTT and NIR imaging in biological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials (Culture Base) in Shaanxi Province, National Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials & Application of Science and Technology International Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Hao Suo
- National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials (Culture Base) in Shaanxi Province, National Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials & Application of Science and Technology International Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials (Culture Base) in Shaanxi Province, National Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials & Application of Science and Technology International Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Dan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials (Culture Base) in Shaanxi Province, National Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials & Application of Science and Technology International Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, and the State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology (CBSKL) , The Fourth Military Medical University , 169th Changle West Road , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710032 , China
| | - Chongfeng Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials (Culture Base) in Shaanxi Province, National Photoelectric Technology, Functional Materials & Application of Science and Technology International Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
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18
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19
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Lai WF, Rogach AL, Wong WT. Molecular design of upconversion nanoparticles for gene delivery. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7339-7358. [PMID: 29163885 PMCID: PMC5672820 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02956j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their large anti-Stokes shifts, sharp emission spectra and long excited-state lifetimes, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted an increasing amount of research interests, and have shown great potential for enhancing the practical utility of gene therapy, whose versatility has been limited by existing gene delivery technologies that are basically mono-functional in nature. Despite this, up to now in-depth analysis of the development of UCNPs for gene delivery has been scant in the literature, even though there has been an upsurge of reviews on the chemistry of UCNPs and their applications in bioimaging and drug delivery. To fill this gap, this review aims to present the latest advances in the development and applications of UCNPs as gene carriers. Prior to describing the prominent works published in the field, a critical view on the properties, chemistry and molecular design of UCNPs for gene delivery is provided. With a synopsis of the recent advances in UCNP-mediated gene delivery, challenges and opportunities could be illuminated for clinical translation of works in this nascent field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Fu Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Health Science Centre , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , China
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong . ;
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP) , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong . ;
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20
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Chen Q, Xie X, Huang B, Liang L, Han S, Yi Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Fan D, Huang L, Liu X. Confining Excitation Energy in Er3+-Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm3+-Mediated Transient Energy Trapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiushui Chen
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province; College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Xiaoji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Bolong Huang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Liangliang Liang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Sanyang Han
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Zhigao Yi
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yu Wang
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province; College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ying Li
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province; College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Dianyuan Fan
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province; College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117543 Singapore
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21
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Chen Q, Xie X, Huang B, Liang L, Han S, Yi Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Fan D, Huang L, Liu X. Confining Excitation Energy in Er 3+ -Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm 3+ -Mediated Transient Energy Trapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7605-7609. [PMID: 28470867 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles are presented that are without Yb3+ or Nd3+ sensitizers in the host lattice. In erbium-enriched core-shell NaErF4 :Tm (0.5 mol %)@NaYF4 nanoparticles, a high degree of energy migration between Er3+ ions occurs to suppress the effect of concentration quenching upon surface coating. Unlike the conventional Yb3+ -Er3+ system, the Er3+ ion can serve as both the sensitizer and activator to enable an effective upconversion process. Importantly, an appropriate doping of Tm3+ has been demonstrated to further enhance upconversion luminescence through energy trapping. This endows the resultant nanoparticles with bright red (about 700-fold enhancement) and near-infrared luminescence that is achievable under multiple excitation wavelengths. This is a fundamental new pathway to mitigate the concentration quenching effect, thus offering a convenient method for red-emitting upconversion nanoprobes for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushui Chen
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaoji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Bolong Huang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liangliang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Sanyang Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhigao Yi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yu Wang
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ying Li
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Dianyuan Fan
- -NUS-SZU Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic, Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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22
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Qin QS, Zhang PZ, Sun LD, Shi S, Chen NX, Dong H, Zheng XY, Li LM, Yan CH. Ultralow-power near-infrared excited neodymium-doped nanoparticles for long-term in vivo bioimaging. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4660-4664. [PMID: 28345715 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00606c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped luminescent nanoparticles with both emission and excitation in the near-infrared (NIR-to-NIR) region hold great promise for bioimaging. Herein, core@shell structured LiLuF4:Nd@LiLuF4 (named as Nd@Lu) nanoparticles (NPs) with highly efficient NIR emission were developed for high-performance in vivo bioimaging. Strikingly, the absolute quantum yield of Nd@Lu NPs reached as high as 32%. After coating with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the water-dispersible Nd@Lu NPs showed good bio-compatibility and low toxicity. With efficient NIR emission, the Nd@Lu NPs were clearly detectable in tissues at depths of up to 20 mm. In addition, long-term in vivo biodistribution with a high signal-to-noise ratio of 25.1 was distinctly tracked upon an ultralow-power-density excitation (10 mW cm-2) of 732 nm for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Song Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Pei-Zhi Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ling-Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shuo Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Nai-Xiu Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Hao Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Le-Min Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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23
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Xie X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Guo S, Pendharkar AI, Lu M, Huang L, Huang W, Han G. Emerging ≈800 nm Excited Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1602843. [PMID: 27982542 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201602843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles can tune near-infrared light to visible or even ultra-violet light in emissions. Due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties, as well as their promising bioapplications, there has been a great deal of enthusiastic research performed to study the properties of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles in the past few years. Despite the considerable progress in this area, numerous challenges associated with the nanoparticles, such as a low upconversion efficiency, limited host materials, and a confined excitation wavelength, still remain, thus hindering further development with respect to their applications and in fundamental science. Recently, innovative strategies that utilize alternative sensitizers have been designed in order to engineer the excitation wavelengths of upconversion nanoparticles. Here, focusing on the excitation wavelength at ≈800 nm, recent advances in the design, property tuning, and applications of ≈800 nm excited upconversion nanoparticles are summarized. Benefiting from the unique features of ≈800 nm light, including deep tissue penetration depth and low photothermal effect, the ≈800 nm excited upconversion nanoparticles exhibit superior potential for biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, therapy, and three dimensional displays. The critical aspects of such emerging nanoparticles with regards to meeting the ever-changing needs of future development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Shaohong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Aarushi Iris Pendharkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Min Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
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24
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Hemmer E, Acosta-Mora P, Méndez-Ramos J, Fischer S. Optical nanoprobes for biomedical applications: shining a light on upconverting and near-infrared emitting nanoparticles for imaging, thermal sensing, and photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4365-4392. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00403f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Shining a light on spectrally converting lanthanide (Ln3+)-doped nanoparticles: progress, trends, and challenges in Ln3+-nanoprobes for near-infrared bioimaging, nanothermometry, and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Hemmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa (ON)
- Canada
| | - P. Acosta-Mora
- Departamento de Fíísica
- Universidad de La Laguna
- Tenerife
- Spain
| | - J. Méndez-Ramos
- Departamento de Fíísica
- Universidad de La Laguna
- Tenerife
- Spain
| | - S. Fischer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California—Berkeley
- Berkeley
- USA
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25
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Gao D, Zhang X, Chong B, Xiao G, Tian D. Simultaneous spectra and dynamics processes tuning of a single upconversion microtube through Yb3+ doping concentration and excitation power. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:4288-4296. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Doping and varying pump laser parameters are the widely applied technological processes for tuning spectra to yield desirable luminescence properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangli Gao
- College of Science
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Xi'an 710055
- China
- College of Materials & Mineral Resources
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- College of Science
- Chang'an University
- Xi'an 710064
- China
| | - Bo Chong
- College of Science
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Xi'an 710055
- China
| | - Guoqing Xiao
- College of Materials & Mineral Resources
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Xi'an 710055
- China
| | - Dongping Tian
- College of Science
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Xi'an 710055
- China
- College of Materials & Mineral Resources
| |
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