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Hübner JM, Shiell TB, Guńka PA, Tao S, Zhu L, Hansen MF, Bullock ES, Chariton S, Prakapenka VB, Fei Y, Blatov VA, Proserpio DM, Strobel TA. A Sodium Germanosilicide with Unusual Network Topology. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39016546 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The germanosilicide Na4-xGeySi16-y (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 1.1, 4.7 ≤ y ≤ 9.3) was synthesized under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions. The novel guest-host compound comprises a unique tetrel framework with dual channels housing sodium and smaller, empty (Si,Ge)9 units. The arrangement represents a new structure type with an overall structural topology that is closely related to a hypothetical carbon allotrope. Topological analysis of the structure revealed that the guest environment space cannot be tiled with singular polyhedra as in cage compounds (e.g., clathrates). The analysis of natural tilings provides a convenient method to unambiguously compare related tetrel-rich structures and can help elucidate new possible structural arrangements of intermetallic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia-Maria Hübner
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States
| | - Thomas B Shiell
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States
| | - Piotr A Guńka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shuo Tao
- Department of Physics, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Physics, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Mads Fonager Hansen
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States
| | - Emma S Bullock
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yingwei Fei
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States
| | - Vladislav A Blatov
- Samara Center for Theoretical Materials Science (SCTMS), Samara State Technical University, Samara 443100, Russia
| | - Davide M Proserpio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Timothy A Strobel
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States
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Jantke LA, Karttunen AJ, Fässler TF. Chemi-Inspired Silicon Allotropes-Experimentally Accessible Si 9 Cages as Proposed Building Block for 1D Polymers, 2D Sheets, Single-Walled Nanotubes, and Nanoparticles. Molecules 2022; 27:822. [PMID: 35164088 PMCID: PMC8838638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies on silicon allotropes with three-dimensional networks or as materials of lower dimensionality have been carried out in the past. Herein, allotropes of silicon, which are based on structures of experimentally accessible [Si9]4- clusters known as stable anionic molecular species in neat solids and in solution, are predicted. Hypothetical oxidative coupling under the formation of covalent Si-Si bonds between the clusters leads to uncharged two-, one- and zero-dimensional silicon nanomaterials not suffering from dangling bonds. A large variety of structures are derived and investigated by quantum chemical calculations. Their relative energies are in the same range as experimentally known silicene, and some structures are even energetically more favorable than silicene. Significantly smaller relative energies are reached by the insertion of linkers in form of tetrahedrally connected Si atoms. A chessboard pattern built of Si9 clusters bridged by tetrahedrally connected Si atoms represents a two-dimensional silicon species with remarkably lower relative energy in comparison with silicene. We discuss the structural and electronic properties of the predicted silicon materials and their building block nido-[Si9]4- based on density functional calculations. All considered structures are semiconductors. The band structures exclusively show bands of low dispersion, as is typical for covalent polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Alice Jantke
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany;
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany;
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3
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George J, Hautier G, Bartók AP, Csányi G, Deringer VL. Combining phonon accuracy with high transferability in Gaussian approximation potential models. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:044104. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0013826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Janine George
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Geoffroy Hautier
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Albert P. Bartók
- Department of Physics and Warwick Centre for Predictive Modelling, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Engineering Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Volker L. Deringer
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
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Song Y, Chai C, Fan Q, Zhang W, Yang Y. Physical properties of Si-Ge alloys in C2/m phase: a comprehensive investigation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:255703. [PMID: 30893672 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab11a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new phase of C2/m Ge16 is first proposed in this paper. The structures and mechanical, anisotropic, electronic, transport and optical properties of Si-Ge alloys in the C2/m phase are studied using first principles calculations. All Ge16 and Si16-x Ge x alloys in the C2/m phase are proven to have mechanical and dynamic stability. By analyzing the three-dimensional (3D) perspective of the effective mass and Young's modulus, obvious anisotropies of transport and mechanical properties are found. Higher-resolution full band structures are obtained to determine the positions of the valence band maximum (VBM) and conduction band minimum (CBM). All materials have a higher photoelectron absorption than that of diamond Si. A high electronic mobility (16 527 cm2 V-1 s-1) and hole mobility (3033 cm2 V-1 s-1) are found in C2/m Si8Ge8 and Si4Ge12, respectively. Based on the large mobility and photoelectron absorption, the Si-Ge alloys in the C2/m phase are promising materials for electronics and optoelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxing Song
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide BandGap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Deringer VL, Pickard CJ, Csányi G. Data-Driven Learning of Total and Local Energies in Elemental Boron. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:156001. [PMID: 29756876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.156001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The allotropes of boron continue to challenge structural elucidation and solid-state theory. Here we use machine learning combined with random structure searching (RSS) algorithms to systematically construct an interatomic potential for boron. Starting from ensembles of randomized atomic configurations, we use alternating single-point quantum-mechanical energy and force computations, Gaussian approximation potential (GAP) fitting, and GAP-driven RSS to iteratively generate a representation of the element's potential-energy surface. Beyond the total energies of the very different boron allotropes, our model readily provides atom-resolved, local energies and thus deepened insight into the frustrated β-rhombohedral boron structure. Our results open the door for the efficient and automated generation of GAPs, and other machine-learning-based interatomic potentials, and suggest their usefulness as a tool for materials discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker L Deringer
- Engineering Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Engineering Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
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7
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Lu Y, Zhu X, Wang M. CI
24-Si: a Semiconducting Silicon Phase with an All-sp3
Bonding Network. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Lu
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; No.2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang Dist., Shenzhen Guangdong 518172 China
| | - Xi Zhu
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; No.2001 Longxiang Blvd., Longgang Dist., Shenzhen Guangdong 518172 China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials and Energy; Southwest University; 2 Tiansheng Road Chongqing 400715 China
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Jantke LA, Karttunen AJ, Fässler TF. Slicing Diamond for More sp 3 Group 14 Allotropes Ranging from Direct Bandgaps to Poor Metals. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1992-2006. [PMID: 28514503 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Considerable interest in novel Si allotropes has led to intense investigation of tetrahedral framework structures during the last years. Recently, a guide to deriving sp3 -Si allotropes from atom slabs of the diamond structure enabled a systematic deduction of several low-density modifications. Some of the Si networks were recognized as experimentally known frameworks, that is, so-called "chemi-inspired" structures. Herein we present nine novel Si networks obtained by modifying three-atom-thick slabs of a cubic diamond structure after smooth distortion by applying the same construction kit. Analysis of the structure-property relationships of these frameworks by using quantum-chemical methods shows that several of them possess direct bandgaps in the range suitable for light conversion. The construction kit was also applied to higher group 14 homologues Ge and Sn, and revealed interesting differences in the band structures and relative energies of the homologues. A new modification of Sn was identified as a poor metal, which denoted significant covalent-bond characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Alice Jantke
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Antti J Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Thomas F Fässler
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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Deringer VL, Csányi G, Proserpio DM. Extracting Crystal Chemistry from Amorphous Carbon Structures. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:873-877. [PMID: 28271606 PMCID: PMC5413819 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon allotropes have been explored intensively by ab initio crystal structure prediction, but such methods are limited by the large computational cost of the underlying density functional theory (DFT). Here we show that a novel class of machine-learning-based interatomic potentials can be used for random structure searching and readily predicts several hitherto unknown carbon allotropes. Remarkably, our model draws structural information from liquid and amorphous carbon exclusively, and so does not have any prior knowledge of crystalline phases: it therefore demonstrates true transferability, which is a crucial prerequisite for applications in chemistry. The method is orders of magnitude faster than DFT and can, in principle, be coupled with any algorithm for structure prediction. Machine-learning models therefore seem promising to enable large-scale structure searches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker L. Deringer
- Engineering LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridgeCB2 1PZUnited Kingdom
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUnited Kingdom
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Engineering LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridgeCB2 1PZUnited Kingdom
| | - Davide M. Proserpio
- Università degli Studi di MilanoDipartimento di ChimicaMilanoItaly
- Samara Center for Theoretical Materials Science (SCTMS)Samara UniversitySamaraRussia
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Karttunen AJ, Usvyat D, Schütz M, Maschio L. Dispersion interactions in silicon allotropes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:7699-7707. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08873b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Periodic local-MP2 and DFT-D3 calculations show that dispersion interactions in silicon allotropes can change the energy ordering significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Aalto University
- FI-00076 Aalto
- Finland
| | - Denis Usvyat
- Institut für Chemie
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Martin Schütz
- Institut für Chemie
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Lorenzo Maschio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) centre
- Universitá di Torino
- Torino I-10125
- Italy
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