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Necibi F, Ben Salah S, Hierso J, Fleurat‐Lessard P, Ayachi S, Boubaker T. Nucleophilicity Parameters for Nitroalkyl Anions in Methanol and Structure‐Reactivity Analysis. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Necibi
- Laboratoire de Chimie hétérocyclique Produits Naturels et Réactivité (LR11ES39) Faculté des Sciences Université de Monastir Avenue de l'Environnement 5019 Monastir Tunisie
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (UMR CNRS 6302) Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (UBFC) 9 Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Saida Ben Salah
- Laboratoire de Chimie hétérocyclique Produits Naturels et Réactivité (LR11ES39) Faculté des Sciences Université de Monastir Avenue de l'Environnement 5019 Monastir Tunisie
| | - Jean‐Cyrille Hierso
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (UMR CNRS 6302) Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (UBFC) 9 Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Paul Fleurat‐Lessard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (UMR CNRS 6302) Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (UBFC) 9 Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Sahbi Ayachi
- Laboratoire de physico-chimie des matériaux (LR01ES19) Faculté des Sciences Université de Monastir Avenue de l'Environnement 5019 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Taoufik Boubaker
- Laboratoire de Chimie hétérocyclique Produits Naturels et Réactivité (LR11ES39) Faculté des Sciences Université de Monastir Avenue de l'Environnement 5019 Monastir Tunisie
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2
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Liu WC, Gabbaï FP. Placing gold on a π +-surface: ligand design and impact on reactivity. Chem Sci 2023; 14:277-283. [PMID: 36687358 PMCID: PMC9811580 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05574k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel gold chloride complex supported by an ambiphilic phosphine/xanthylium ligand in which the AuCl moiety interacts with the π+ surface of the xanthylium unit as indicated by structural studies. Energy decomposition analyses carried out on a model system indicates the prevalence of non-covalent interactions in which the electrostatic and dispersion terms cumulatively dominate. The presence of these AuCl-π+ interactions correlates with the high catalytic activity of this complex in the cyclisation of 2-(phenylethynyl)phenylboronic acid, N-propargyl-t-butylamide, and 2-allyl-2-(2-propynyl)malonate. Comparison with the significantly less active acridinium and the 9-oxa-10-boraanthracene analogues reinforces this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA
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3
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Abstract
Developments that result in high-yielding, low-cost, safe, scalable, and less-wasteful processes are the most important goals in synthetic organic chemistry. Continuous-flow reactions have garnered much attention due to many advantages over conventional batch reactions that include precise control of short reaction times and temperatures, low risk in handling dangerous compounds, and ease in scaling up synthesis. Combinations of continuous-flow reactions with homogeneous, metal-free catalysts further enhances advantages that include low-cost and ready availability, low toxicity, higher stability in air and water, and increased synthetic efficiency due to the avoidance of the time-consuming removal of toxic metal traces. This review summarizes recently reported continuous-flow reactions using metal-free homogeneous catalysts and classifies them either as acidic catalysts, basic catalysts, or miscellaneous catalysts. In addition, we compare the results between continuous-flow conditions and conventional batch conditions to reveal the advantages of using flow reactions with metal-free homogeneous catalysts.
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4
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Necibi F, Salah SB, Roger J, Hierso J, Boubaker T. Ambident electrophilicity of 4‐nitrobenzochalcogenadiazoles: Kinetic studies and structure‐reactivity relationships. INT J CHEM KINET 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Necibi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Hétérocyclique, Produits Naturels et Réactivité (LR11S39)Faculté des SciencesUniversité de Monastir Monastir Tunisia
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR‐CNRS 6302)Faculté des Sciences MirandeUniversité de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Saida Ben Salah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Hétérocyclique, Produits Naturels et Réactivité (LR11S39)Faculté des SciencesUniversité de Monastir Monastir Tunisia
| | - Julien Roger
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR‐CNRS 6302)Faculté des Sciences MirandeUniversité de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Jean‐Cyrille Hierso
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR‐CNRS 6302)Faculté des Sciences MirandeUniversité de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Taoufik Boubaker
- Laboratoire de Chimie Hétérocyclique, Produits Naturels et Réactivité (LR11S39)Faculté des SciencesUniversité de Monastir Monastir Tunisia
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5
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Mood A, Tavakoli M, Gutman E, Kadish D, Baldi P, Van Vranken DL. Methyl Anion Affinities of the Canonical Organic Functional Groups. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4096-4102. [PMID: 31995384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Calculated methyl anion affinities are known to correlate with experimentally determined Mayr E parameters for individual organic functional group classes but not between neutral and cationic organic electrophiles. We demonstrate that methyl anion affinities calculated with a solvation model (MAA*) give a linear correlation with Mayr E parameters for a broad range of functional groups. Methyl anion affinities (MAA*), plotted on the log scale of Mayr E, provide insights into the full range of electrophilicity of organic functional groups. On the Mayr E scale, the electrophilicity toward the methyl anion spans 180 orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mood
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Mohammadamin Tavakoli
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Eugene Gutman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Dora Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - David L Van Vranken
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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6
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Xu J, Gao Y, Li Z, Liu J, Guo T, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang Z, Guo K. Chlorotropylium Promoted Conversions of Oximes to Amides and Nitriles. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Tianfo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Haixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
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7
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Ni S, El Remaily MAEAAA, Franzén J. Carbocation Catalyzed Bromination of Alkyl Arenes, a Chemoselective
sp
3
vs. sp
2
C−H functionalization. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- KTH, Royal Institute of TechnologySchool of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry/Division of Organic Chemistry Teknikringen 30 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mahmoud Abd El Aleem Ali Ali El Remaily
- KTH, Royal Institute of TechnologySchool of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry/Division of Organic Chemistry Teknikringen 30 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceSohag University 82524 Sohag Egypt
| | - Johan Franzén
- KTH, Royal Institute of TechnologySchool of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry/Division of Organic Chemistry Teknikringen 30 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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8
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Ni S, Franzén J. Carbocation catalysed ring closing aldehyde–olefin metathesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12982-12985. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06734a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
4-Phenylphenyl-diphenylmethylium tetrafluoroborate catalyses a rare high yielding intramolecular aldehyde–olefin metathesis of enals under mild reaction conditions and low catalyst loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- Department of Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Johan Franzén
- Department of Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
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9
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Iakovenko RO, Kazakova AN, Boyarskaya IA, Gurzhiy VV, Avdontceva MS, Panikorovsky TL, Muzalevskiy VM, Nenajdenko VG, Vasilyev AV. Superacid-Promoted Synthesis of CF3-Indenes Using Brominated CF3-Enones. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman O. Iakovenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Anna N. Kazakova
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Irina A. Boyarskaya
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Vladislav V. Gurzhiy
- Center for X-ray Diffraction Studies Research Park; St. Petersburg State University; Universitetskiy pr. 26 198504 Saint Petersburg, Petrodvoretz Russia
| | - Margarita S. Avdontceva
- Center for X-ray Diffraction Studies Research Park; St. Petersburg State University; Universitetskiy pr. 26 198504 Saint Petersburg, Petrodvoretz Russia
| | - Taras L. Panikorovsky
- Center for X-ray Diffraction Studies Research Park; St. Petersburg State University; Universitetskiy pr. 26 198504 Saint Petersburg, Petrodvoretz Russia
| | - Vasiliy M. Muzalevskiy
- Department of Chemistry; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Vorobievy Gory 1 119899 Moscow Russia
| | - Valentine G. Nenajdenko
- Department of Chemistry; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Vorobievy Gory 1 119899 Moscow Russia
| | - Aleksander V. Vasilyev
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russia
- Department of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University; Institutsky per. 5 194021 Saint Petersburg Russia
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10
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Fasano V, Curless LD, Radcliffe JE, Ingleson MJ. Frustrated Lewis Pair Mediated 1,2-Hydrocarbation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9202-9206. [PMID: 28608991 PMCID: PMC5577509 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry enables a rare example of alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation with N-methylacridinium salts as the carbon Lewis acid. This 1,2-hydrocarbation process does not proceed through a concerted mechanism as in alkyne syn-hydroboration, or through an intramolecular 1,3-hydride migration as operates in the only other reported alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation reaction. Instead, in this study, alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation proceeds by a novel mechanism involving alkyne dehydrocarbation with a carbon Lewis acid based FLP to form the new C-C bond. Subsequently, intermolecular hydride transfer occurs, with the Lewis acid component of the FLP acting as a hydride shuttle that enables alkyne 1,2-hydrocarbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Fasano
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Liam D. Curless
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - James E. Radcliffe
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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11
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Liu J, Xu J, Li Z, Huang Y, Wang H, Gao Y, Guo T, Ouyang P, Guo K. Carbocation Organocatalysis in Interrupted Povarov Reactions to cis
-Fused Pyrano- and Furanobenzodihydropyrans. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Haixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Tianfo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
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12
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Mayr H, Ofial AR. Philicity, fugality, and equilibrium constants: when do rate-equilibrium relationships break down? PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2017-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLinear free energy relationships, in particular relationships between rate and equilibrium constants, are the basis for our rationalization of organic reactivity. Whereas relationships between the kinetic terms nucleophilicity and nucleofugality and the thermodynamic term basicity have been in the focus of interest for many decades, much less attention has been paid to the relationships between electrophilicity, electrofugality, and Lewis acidity. By using p- and m-substituted benzhydrylium ions (Aryl2CH+) as reference electrophiles, reference electrofuges, and reference Lewis acids of widely varying electron demand and constant steric surroundings of the reaction center, we have developed comprehensive reactivity scales which can be employed for classifying polar organic reactivity and for rationally designing synthetic transformations. It is a general rule that structural variations in electron-surplus species, which increase basicities, also increase nucleophilicities and decrease nucleofugalities, and that structural variations in electron-deficient species, which increase Lewis acidities also increase electrophilicities and decrease electrofugalities. Deviations from this behavior are analyzed, and it is shown that variations in intrinsic barriers are responsible for the counterintuitive observations that structural variation in one of the reactants alters the rates of forward and backward reactions in the same direction. A spectacular example of this phenomenon is found in vinyl cation chemistry: Vinyl cations are not only generated several orders of magnitude more slowly in SN1 reactions than benzhydrylium ions of the same Lewis acidity, but also react much more slowly with nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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13
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Cai X, Keshavarz A, Omaque JD, Stokes BJ. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation of β-Benzylstyrenes. Org Lett 2017; 19:2626-2629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cai
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Amir Keshavarz
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Justin D. Omaque
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Stokes
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
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14
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Follet E, Mayer P, Stephenson DS, Ofial AR, Berionni G. Reactivity-Tuning in Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Nucleophilicity and Lewis Basicity of Sterically Hindered Phosphines. Chemistry 2017; 23:7422-7427. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Follet
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - David S. Stephenson
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
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