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Das S, Patra D, Shankar S, Ajayaghosh A. Photocycloaddition as a Tool for Modulation of the Lower Critical Solution Temperature in a Molecular π‐System to Control Transmission of Solar Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207641. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Das
- Photosciences and Photonics Section Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR— National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR—NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Dipak Patra
- Photosciences and Photonics Section Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR— National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR—NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Sreejith Shankar
- Photosciences and Photonics Section Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR— National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR—NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Section Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR— National Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (CSIR—NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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2
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Das S, Patra D, Shankar S, Ajayaghosh A. Photocycloaddition as a Tool for LCST Modulation in a Molecular π‐System to Control Transmission of Solar Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Das
- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology CSIR Chemical Sciences and Technology Division INDIA
| | - Dipak Patra
- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology CSIR Chemical Sciences and Technology Division INDIA
| | - Sreejith Shankar
- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology CSIR Chemical Sciences and Technology Division INDIA
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division PappanamcodeIndustrial Estate P. O 695 019 Trivandrum INDIA
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Sekine A. In-situ crystal structure analysis and control of photochromism with dual-mode photoreactive soft crystals. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Cheng HB, Zhang S, Bai E, Cao X, Wang J, Qi J, Liu J, Zhao J, Zhang L, Yoon J. Future-Oriented Advanced Diarylethene Photoswitches: From Molecular Design to Spontaneous Assembly Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108289. [PMID: 34866257 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diarylethene (DAE) photoswitch is a new and promising family of photochromic molecules and has shown superior performance as a smart trigger in stimulus-responsive materials. During the past few decades, the DAE family has achieved a leap from simple molecules to functional molecules and developed toward validity as a universal switching building block. In recent years, the introduction of DAE into an assembly system has been an attractive strategy that enables the photochromic behavior of the building blocks to be manifested at the level of the entire system, beyond the DAE unit itself. This assembly-based strategy will bring many unexpected results that promote the design and manufacture of a new generation of advanced materials. Here, recent advances in the design and fabrication of diarylethene as a trigger in materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Enying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
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Yasuda H, Higashiguchi K, Matsuda K. Sheet-like Supramolecular Assembly of Amphiphilic Diarylethene Showing Photoinduced Transformation Formed by Depletion Force. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Yasuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Higashiguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Kotani Y, Yasuda H, Higashiguchi K, Matsuda K. Re-entrant Photoinduced Morphological Transformation and Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Products of a Rectangular Amphiphilic Diarylethene Assembly. Chemistry 2021; 27:11158-11166. [PMID: 33988257 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic rectangular-shaped photochromic diarylethene bearing two hydrophobic alkyl chains and two hydrophilic tri(ethylene glycol) chains was synthesized, and its photoinduced morphological transformation in water was investigated. Two unexpected phenomena were revealed in the course of the experiments: a re-entrant photoinduced macroscopic morphological transformation and temperature-dependent kinetic products of supramolecular assembly. When the pure closed-ring isomer was dispersed in water, a re-entrant photoinduced morphological transformation, that is, a photoinduced transition from the hydrated phase to the dehydrated phase and then back to the hydrated phase, was observed by optical microscopy upon irradiation with green light at 20 °C; this was interpreted by the V-shaped phase diagram of the LCST transition. The aqueous assembly of the pure closed-ring isomer was controlled by changing the temperature; specifically, rapid cooling to 15 and 5 °C gave J and H aggregates, respectively, as the kinetic products. The thermodynamic product at both temperatures was a mixture of mostly H aggregate with a small amount of J aggregate. This behavior was rationalized by the temperature-dependent potential energy surface of the supramolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Kotani
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Haruka Yasuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Higashiguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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Kageyama Y, Ikegami T, Satonaga S, Obara K, Sato H, Takeda S. Light-Driven Flipping of Azobenzene Assemblies-Sparse Crystal Structures and Responsive Behaviour to Polarised Light. Chemistry 2020; 26:10759-10768. [PMID: 32190919 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For creation of autonomous microrobots, which are able to move under conditions of a constant environment and a constant energy supply, a mechanism for maintenance of mechanical motion with a capacity for self-control is required. This requirement, known as self-organisation, represents the ability of a system to evade equilibrium through formation of a spatio-temporal pattern. Following our previous finding of a self-oscillatory flipping motion of an azobenzene-containing co-crystal, we present here regulation of the flipping motion by a light-receiving sensor molecule in relation to the alignment and role of azobenzene molecules in crystals. In the anisotropic structure, a specific azobenzene molecule acts as a reaction centre for the conversion of light to a mechanical function process, whereas the other molecules act as modulators for spatio-pattern regulation. The present results demonstrate that autonomously drivable molecular materials can exhibit information-responsive, self-sustainable motion by incorporating stimulus-responsive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kageyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ikegami
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Satonaga
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kazuma Obara
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | | | - Sadamu Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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Sakakibara S, Yotsuji H, Higashiguchi K, Matsuda K. Photoinduced repetitive separation of a supramolecular assembly composed of an amphiphilic diarylethene mixture. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7918-7925. [PMID: 31538159 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01301f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular assembly composed of a two-component mixture of amphiphilic diarylethenes, which have octyloxycarbonyl and N-octylcarbamoyl groups, showed a unique macroscopic transformation upon irradiation with UV light and subsequent standing in the dark. Unlike the pure compounds, the assembly was repetitively separated into a blue sphere and a red-purple sparse structure. Both the blue sphere and the sparse structure turned into colorless spheres upon irradiation with visible light and the divided colorless spheres showed the same response to UV and visible light. Phase diagrams based on the change in absorption spectra upon temperature change suggested that the transformation originates from a LCST transition. In the 0.5 : 0.5 mixture, in contrast to the pure compounds, the transition temperature sharply changed at around 50% of the fraction of the closed-ring isomer. TEM imaging showed that the 0.5 : 0.5 mixture with high photoisomerization yield formed a 10 nm-sized network. Judging from the phase diagram and TEM images, the separation is understood as the local phase transition of the regions with a high fraction of the closed-ring isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Sakakibara
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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Li M, Chen LJ, Zhang Z, Luo Q, Yang HB, Tian H, Zhu WH. Conformer-dependent self-assembled metallacycles with photo-reversible response. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4896-4904. [PMID: 31160961 PMCID: PMC6510319 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00757a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Discrete, well-defined metallacycles and metallacages with stimuli-responsive behaviors have been largely predominated by the organic donor/metal acceptor paradigm with spontaneous formation of coordination bonds. However, light-driven self-assembly systems usually show relatively low utilization yield of photons and low fatigue resistance. Given that almost no example illustrates the different self-assembly behaviors of antiparallel and parallel conformers in the traditional photochromic diarylethene (DAE) system, here we have for the first time constructed a unique series of photoactive conformer-dependent metallacycles, focusing on the characterization and comparison of self-assembly behavior in different ligand conformers with different di-platinum(ii) acceptors. Their photoswitchable scaffold sizes and shapes are precisely controlled by photochromically separable parallel or anti-parallel conformers via coordination-driven self-assembly. The ap-conformer and closed form provide larger bending angles upon coordination with di-Pt(ii) acceptors into hexagon [6 + 6] or [3 + 3] while the p-conformer only can form smaller polygon cycles. Notably, in contrast with the non-photoactive parallel conformer, the reversible interconversion of anti-parallel ring-open and ring-closed conformer metallacycles can be achieved by alternate irradiation with UV and visible light, respectively, along with a relatively high conversion ratio and good fatigue resistance. This work provides a potential way to construct smart materials for use in sensing, catalysis and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials , Institute of Fine Chemicals , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry , Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China .
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes , Chang-Kung Chuang Institute , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China .
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials , Institute of Fine Chemicals , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry , Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China .
| | - Qianfu Luo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials , Institute of Fine Chemicals , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry , Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China .
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes , Chang-Kung Chuang Institute , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China .
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials , Institute of Fine Chemicals , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry , Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China .
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials , Institute of Fine Chemicals , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry , Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China .
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10
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Higashiguchi K, Matsuda K. Photoinduced LCST Behavior of Amphiphilic Diarylethene Assemblies: Phototransformative Supramolecular Architectures and Photodriven Actuation. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University
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Rossos AK, Katsiaflaka M, Cai J, Myers SM, Koenig E, Bücker R, Keskin S, Kassier G, Gengler RYN, Miller RJD, Murphy RS. Photochromism of Amphiphilic Dithienylethenes as Langmuir-Schaefer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:10905-10912. [PMID: 30122042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface pressure-area isotherms were recorded under different irradiation conditions for single-component Langmuir films of three photochromic amphiphilic dithienylethenes. Nonirradiated films of these photochromic amphiphiles were mechanically stable. In addition, a shift of the isotherms to larger mean molecular areas was observed for films prepared from UV-light-irradiated dithienylethenes. Unexpectedly, a significant expansion was observed for a film prepared from visible-light-irradiated dithienylethene incorporating large branched alkyl chains. Upon further study, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images of Langmuir-Schaefer films revealed that this pronged dialkyl derivative undergoes a photoinduced change in morphology, as circular aggregates coalesce into larger continuous aggregated structures. Nevertheless, its photoisomerization was completely reversible as single-component multilayer thin films upon direct UV or visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K Rossos
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Maria Katsiaflaka
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , University of Hamburg , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Jianxin Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Regina , 3737 Wascana Parkway , Regina , Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 , Canada
| | - Sean M Myers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Regina , 3737 Wascana Parkway , Regina , Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 , Canada
| | - Elena Koenig
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Robert Bücker
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Sercan Keskin
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Günther Kassier
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Régis Y N Gengler
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Atomically Resolved Dynamics Division , Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter , Building 99 (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging , University of Hamburg , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - R Scott Murphy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Regina , 3737 Wascana Parkway , Regina , Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 , Canada
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Higashiguchi K, Yotsuji H, Matsuda K. Determination of Quantum Yield of Photoreaction in Solution and in Suspension by Global Fitting of Prolonged Change of Concentration. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Higashiguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510
| | - Hajime Yotsuji
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510
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