1
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Shen D, Cao D, Zhang R, Bai P, Liu Z. Lewis acid catalyzed Markovnikov hydrobromination and hydrochlorination of alkynes using TMSX (X = Br, Cl). Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4062-4066. [PMID: 38716834 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00608a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Markovnikov hydrobromination and hydrochlorination of alkynes were achieved using TMSX (X = Br, Cl) instead of corrosive HX (X = Br, Cl) as the bromination and chlorination reagents. Mn(OAc)2·4H2O was used as the hydrobromination catalyst for electron-neutral/rich alkynes. For the hydrobromination of electron-deficient alkynes and hydrochlorination of alkynes, Zn(OAc)2·2H2O was employed as the catalyst. Mechanistic studies suggested that the in situ formed TMS-substituted alkyne might be a reactive intermediate and the proton of the terminal alkyne should be a hydrogen source for the hydrohalogenation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalong Shen
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Dehai Cao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Ruizeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Peiyuan Bai
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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2
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Bai Y, Lin Z, Ye Z, Dong D, Wang J, Chen L, Xie F, Li Y, Dixneuf PH, Zhang M. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydrohalogenation of Alkynes Mediated by Trimethylsilyl Triflate. Org Lett 2022; 24:7988-7992. [PMID: 36268988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe a ruthenium-catalyzed regioselective hydrohalogenation reaction of alkynes under mild conditions. Commercially simple halogen sources such as KI, ZnBr2, and ZnCl2 were employed to achieve this transformation. Alkynes derived from bioactive molecules such as l-(-)-borneol, l-menthol, and estrone were also suitable for the transformation, demonstrating the potential synthetic value of this new reaction in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Bai
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Lin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Zhenying Ye
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Dian Dong
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xie
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yibiao Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | | | - Min Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
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3
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Miao WH, Gao WX, Huang XB, Liu MC, Zhou YB, Wu HY. Cascade Ring-Opening Dual Halogenation of Cyclopropenones with Saturated Oxygen Heterocycles. Org Lett 2021; 23:9425-9430. [PMID: 34854694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Represented is a CuX2- or I2-promoted ring-opening dual halogenation of cyclopropenones with saturated oxygen heterocycles, providing an efficient method for the synthesis of 3-haloacrylates. The ring-opening reaction enables the construction of two C-X (X = Cl, Br, or I) bonds and a C-O bond as well as the cleavage of two C-O bonds and a C-C bond in a single step. This protocol is highly atom economical, has an excellent substrate scope, and exhibits the ability for gram-scale reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hang Miao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xia Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Bing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Yue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
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4
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Bary G, Jamil MI, Arslan M, Ghani L, Ahmed W, Ahmad H, Zaman G, Ayub K, Sajid M, Ahmad R, Huang D, Liu F, Wang Y. Regio- and stereoselective functionalization of alkenes with emphasis on mechanistic insight and sustainability concerns. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Zeng X, Liu S, Yang Y, Yang Y, Hammond GB, Xu B. Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2-Dihaloalkenes Using In-Situ-Generated ICl, IBr, BrCl, I2, and Br2. Chem 2020; 6:1018-1031. [PMID: 32685767 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe a catalyst-free 1,2-trans-dihalogenation of alkynes with an unprecedented substrate scope and exclusive regio- and stereoselectivity. This versatile dihalogenation system-a combination of NX1S electrophile and alkali metal halide (MX2) in acetic acid-is applicable for diverse categories of alkynes (electron-rich or poor alkynes, internal and terminal alkynes, or heteroatoms such as O-, N-, S-substituted alkynes). The hydrogen bonding donor solvent acetic acid is essential for the in-situ generation of X1X2 electrophile, including ICl, IBr, BrCl, I2, and Br2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Shiwen Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yuhao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.,Lead Contact
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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6
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Yu P, Bismuto A, Morandi B. Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrochlorination and Hydrobromination of Alkynes by Shuttle Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2904-2910. [PMID: 31769578 PMCID: PMC7028031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Described herein are two different methods for the synthesis of vinyl halides by a shuttle catalysis based iridium-catalyzed transfer hydrohalogenation of unactivated alkynes. The use of 4-chlorobutan-2-one or tert-butyl halide as donors of hydrogen halides allows this transformation in the absence of corrosive reagents, such as hydrogen halides or acid chlorides, thus largely improving the functional-group tolerance and safety profile of these reactions compared to the state-of-the-art. This method has granted access to alkenyl halide compounds containing acid-sensitive groups, such as tertiary alcohols, silyl ethers, and acetals. The synthetic value of those methodologies has been demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis where low catalyst loading was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wihelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI8093ZürichSwitzerland
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wihelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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7
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Yu P, Bismuto A, Morandi B. Iridium‐katalysierte Hydrochlorierung und Hydrobromierung von Alkinen durch Shuttlekatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wihelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wihelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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8
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Liu S, Zeng X, Xu B. Practical fluorothiolation and difluorothiolation of alkenes using pyridine-HF and N-thiosuccinimides. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01228a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorothiolation and difluorothiolation of alkenes using pyridine-HF and N-thiosuccinimides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing
- Yancheng Institute of Technology
- Yancheng
- China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
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9
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Li R, Gehrig DW, Ramanan C, Blom PWM, Kohl FF, Wagner M, Landfester K, Zhang KAI. Visible Light‐Mediated Conversion of Alcohols to Bromides by a Benzothiadiazole‐Containing Organic Photocatalyst. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Li
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 People's Republic of China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dominik W. Gehrig
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Charusheela Ramanan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Fabien F. Kohl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | | | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Ebule R, Hammond GB, Xu B. Metal-free Chlorothiolation of Alkenes using HCl and Sulfoxides. European J Org Chem 2018; 2018:4705-4708. [PMID: 30467455 PMCID: PMC6242710 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel method for the chlorothiolation of alkenes using HCl and sulfoxides to achieve the 1,2-difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes. The combination of our new HCl reagent (HCl/DMPU) with sulfoxides forms a unique chlorothiolation system. Both terminal and internal alkenes are suitable substrates. This method works at gram scale and is applicable in further synthetic elaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Ebule
- department of Chemistry, university of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- department of Chemistry, university of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
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12
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Liang S, Hammond GB, Xu B. Metal-free Regioselective Hydrochlorination of Unactivated Alkenes via a Combined Acid Catalytic System. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2018; 20:680-684. [PMID: 29750081 PMCID: PMC5937714 DOI: 10.1039/c7gc03665e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A combined acid HCl/DMPU-acetic acid catalytic system was used in the hydrochlorination of a wide range of unactivated alkenes. This hydrochlorination strategy is remarkably greener than previous reported methods in terms of high atom efficiency, no toxic waste generated and metal-free process. The higher efficiency, compared with other commercially available HCl reagents, was augmented by the good regioselectivity and functionality tolerance found. A stepwise mechanism for this hydrochlorination process was proposed based on kinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzong Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
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13
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Almohseni HAA, Al Mamari HH, Valade A, Sintim HO, Hodgson DM. Alkene protection against acid using a bromide substituent: application in a total synthesis of (−)-6,7-dideoxysqualestatin H5. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5354-5356. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02690d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkenyl bromide functionality survives several synthetic steps, including an acid-induced rearrangement, before a stereoretentive methylative debromination gives the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamad H. Al Mamari
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | - Anne Valade
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | - David M. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
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14
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Zeng X, Lu Z, Liu S, Hammond GB, Xu B. Metal-free, Regio-, and Stereo-Controlled Hydrochlorination and Hydrobromination of Ynones and Ynamides. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13179-13187. [PMID: 29166765 PMCID: PMC5735994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We developed an atom-economical
and metal-free method for the regio-
and stereo-selective hydrohalogenation of ynones and ynamides using
easy to handle DMPU/HX (X = Br or Cl) reagents. The reaction operates
under mild conditions and a range of functional groups is well tolerated.
We propose that the hydrohalogenation of ynones gives the anti-addition products via a concerted multimolecular AdE3 mechanism and that the hydrohalogenation of ynamides produces
the syn-addition products via a cationic keteniminium
intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Shiwen Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
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