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Pal R, Chattaraj PK. Structure, stability, reactivity and bonding in noble gas compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9856-9866. [PMID: 38497096 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06321f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Noble gases (Ngs) are recognized as the least reactive elements due to their fully filled valence electronic configuration. Their reluctance to engage in chemical bond formation necessitates extreme conditions such as low temperatures, high pressures, and reagents with high reactivity. In this Perspective, we discuss our endeavours in the theoretical prediction of viable Ng complexes, emphasizing the pursuit of synthesizing them under nearly ambient conditions. Our research encompasses various bonding categories of Ng complexes and our primary aim is to comprehend the bonding mechanisms within these complexes, utilizing state-of-the-art theoretical tools such as natural bond orbital, energy decomposition, and electron density analyses. These complex types manifest distinct bonding scenarios. In the non-insertion type, the donor-acceptor interaction strength hinges on the polarizing ability of the binding atom, drawing the electron density of the Ng towards itself. In certain instances, especially with heavier Ng elements, this interaction reaches a magnitude where it can be considered a covalent bond. Conversely, in most insertion cases, the Ng prefers to share electrons to form a covalent bond on one side while interacting electrostatically on the other side. In rare cases, both bonds may be portrayed as electron-shared covalent bonds. Furthermore, a host cage serves as an excellent platform to explore the limits of achieving Ng-Ng bonds (even for helium), under high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranita Pal
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India.
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Pal R, Jana G, Chattaraj PK. Structure and stability of a new set of noble gas insertion compounds, XNgOPO(OH)2 (X = F, Cl, Br; Ng = Kr, Xe, Rn): an in silico investigation. Theor Chem Acc 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-023-02973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Tsai CC, Lu YW, Hu WP. Theoretical Prediction on the New Types of Noble Gas Containing Anions OBONgO - and OCNNgO - (Ng = He, Ar, Kr and Xe). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245839. [PMID: 33322010 PMCID: PMC7763801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorine-less noble gas containing anions OBONgO− and OCNNgO− have been studied by correlated electronic structure calculation and density functional theory. The obtained energetics indicates that for Ng=Kr and Xe, these anions should be kinetically stable at low temperature. The molecular structures and electron density distribution suggests that these anions are stabilized by ion-induced dipole interactions with charges concentrated on the electronegative OBO and OCN groups. The current study shows that in addition to the fluoride ion, polyatomic groups with strong electronic affinities can also form stable noble gas containing anions of the type Y−…NgO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei-Ping Hu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-5-272-0411 (ext. 66402)
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Zhao R, Sheng L, Gao K. Theoretical prediction of Xe-containing polymer. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1842532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Sheng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunqi Gao
- School of Science, College of Art and Science, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Ghara M, Chattaraj PK. Noble Gas Binding Ability of an Au(I) Cation Stabilized by a Frustrated Lewis Pair: A DFT Study. Front Chem 2020; 8:616. [PMID: 32850643 PMCID: PMC7396548 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The noble gas (Ng) binding ability of a monocationic [(FLP)Au]+ species has been investigated by a computational study. Here, the monocationic [(FLP)Au]+ species is formed by coordination of Au(I) cation with the phosphorous (Lewis base) and the boron (Lewis acid) centers of a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP). The bonds involving Au and P, and Au and B atoms in [(FLP)Au]+ are partially covalent in nature as revealed by Wiberg bond index (WBI) values, electron density analysis and energy decomposition analysis (EDA). The zero point energy corrected bond dissociation energy (D0), enthalpy and free energy changes are computed for the dissociation of Au-Ng bonds to assess the Ng binding ability of [(FLP)Au]+ species. The D0 ranges from 6.0 to 13.3 kcal/mol, which increases from Ar to Rn. Moreover, the dissociation of Au-Ng bonds is endothermic as well as endergonic for Ng = Kr-Rn, whereas the same for Ng = Ar is endothermic but exergonic at room temperature. The partial covalent character of the bonds between Au and Ng atoms is demonstrated by their WBI values and electron density analysis. The Ng atoms get slight positive charges of 0.11–0.23 |e|, which indicates some amount of charge transfer takes place from it. EDA demonstrates that electrostatic and orbital interactions have equal contributions to stabilize the Ng-Au bonds in the [(FLP)AuNg]+ complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Ghara
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Jana G, Chattaraj PK. Effect of substitution on the bonding in He dimer confined within dodecahedrane: A computational study. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:2398-2405. [PMID: 32827169 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of substitution in the dodecahedrane (C20 H20 ) cage on bonding in the confined He dimer is analyzed. The HeHe distances inside the halogenated dodecahedrane C20 X20 (X = FBr) cages are found to be less than half of that in the free He dimer. Comparing the equilibrium structure of He2 @C20 H20 with He2 @C20 X20 at ωB97XD/def2-TZVPP level, it is found that the He-He distances are relatively larger in the latter cases indicating the influence of halogen groups on the interaction between the cage and the trapped He pair. The viability of the He2 @C20 X20 complexes is reflected in the presence of a very high activation energy barrier against the thermochemically feasible dissociation process producing free He2 and C20 X20 . Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) approach reveals a partial covalent interaction between He pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourhari Jana
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pratim K Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Saha R, Pan S, Chattaraj PK, Merino G. Filling the void: controlled donor-acceptor interaction facilitates the formation of an M-M single bond in the zero oxidation state of M (M = Zn, Cd, Hg). Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1056-1064. [PMID: 31848549 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04213j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The intriguing question of whether it is possible to form a genuine M0-M0 single bond for the M2 species (M = Zn, Cd, Hg) is addressed here. So far, all the bonds reported in the literature are exclusively MI-MI. Herein, we present viable M2(NHBMe)2 (M = Zn, Cd, Hg; NHBMe = (HCNMe)2B) complexes in which the controlled donor-acceptor interaction leads to an M0-M0 single bond. In these complexes, M2 in the 1∑g ground state with the (nσg+)2(nσu+)2 (n = 7, 10 and 14 for M = Zn, Cd and Hg, respectively) valence electron configuration forms donor-acceptor bonding with singlet 2NHBMe ligands where a combined effect of dominant (+,-) σ-backdonation from the antibonding (nσu+)2 orbital of M2 to the 2NHBMe ligands and a somewhat weaker (+,+) σ-donation from the 2NHBMe ligands to the bonding (n + 1)σg+ orbital leads to the unorthodox bonding situation of forming an M-M single bond in the zero oxidation state by eventually nullifying one effect by another. This is an unprecedented situation in the sense that the NHBMe ligand acts as a strong σ-acceptor and a weaker σ-donor. A comparison with the experimentally reported M2(PhDipp)2 complexes reveals the uniqueness of the NHBMe ligand in exhibiting such a bonding scenario. The M2(NHBMe)2 complex is thermochemically viable with respect to possible dissociation channels at room temperature, except for metal extrusion processes, M2(NHBMe)2 → M + M(NHBMe)2 and M2(NHBMe)2 → M2 + (NHBMe)2. Although the latter two processes are exergonic, they are kinetically protected by a high free energy barrier of 26.5-39.5 kcal mol-1. The experimental characterization of M2(PhDipp)2 despite similar exergonic channels reveals such kinetic stability to be enough for the viability of the M2(NHBMe)2 complexes. Furthermore, the ligand exchange reaction considering M2(PhMe)2 as the starting material also turned out to be feasible. Therefore, the M2(NHBMe)2 complexes are the first cases that feature a neutral M2 moiety with a single M0-M0 covalent bond, where M is a Group 12 metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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Ghara M, Pan S, Chattaraj PK. Donor-Acceptor vs Electron-Shared Bonding: Triatomic Si nC 3-n ( n ≤ 3) Clusters Stabilized by Cyclic Alkyl(amino) Carbene. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10764-10771. [PMID: 31774284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SinC3-n (n ≤ 3) clusters are interstellar species that are transient in nature at ambient conditions. Herein, the structure, stability, and nature of bonding in cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) protected SinC3-n (n ≤ 3) clusters are studied in silico. The Si3(cAAC)3 complex was previously reported to be synthesized in large scale. The present results indicate that because the C-CcAAC bond is stronger than the Si-CcAAC bond, C3(cAAC)3 and SiC2(cAAC)3 complexes have significantly larger stability with respect to ligand dissociation than the Si3(cAAC)3 complex, while Si2C(cAAC)3 has almost the same stability as in the latter complex. Moreover, considering the Si3(cAAC)3 complex as a precursor, the hypothetical successive single Si substitution process by a single C atom in Si3(cAAC)3 complex is exergonic in nature. The bonding situation is analyzed by employing natural bond orbital (NBO), electron density, and energy decomposition analyses in combination with the natural orbital for chemical valence theory. These studies show that the nature of bonding in C-CcAAC and Si-CcAAC bonds differs significantly from each other. The former bonds are best described as an electron-shared double bond, whereas the latter bonds are of donor-acceptor type consisting of two components, Si←CcAAC σ-donation and Si→CcAAC π-back-donation. Nevertheless, in the former bonds, covalent character is larger than the ionic one but in the latter bonds the reverse is true. For some Si-CcAAC bonds, the π-natural orbital cannot be located by the NBO method, presumably because of slightly lower occupancy than the cutoff values, but the electron density analysis confirms that different Si-CcAAC bonds in a given complex are almost equivalent in terms of electron density distribution. This paper reports an interesting change in bonding pattern when one replaces Si by a C atom in triatomic silicon carbide clusters stabilized by a ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Ghara
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302 , India
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Pratim K Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302 , India.,Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
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Wen M, Li ZZ, Li AY. OBCN isomerization and noble gas insertion compounds of identical valence electron number species: stability and bonding. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26311-26323. [PMID: 31781710 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04980k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new noble gas (Ng) insertion compounds of the general type XNgX, XNgY and XNgY+ has been theoretically studied using ab initio and DFT methods herein. We first studied the isomerization process of the OBCN compound, and then investigated the bonding properties and stability of the compounds formed by inserting Ng into the single bond of the three low energy isomers by high-level ab initio calculations. The OBNgCN compounds are thermochemically stable with respect to all dissociation channels except for the processes of releasing OBCN/OBNC and free Ng. Furthermore, the two dissociation processes OBNgCN → Ng + OBNC and OBNgNC → Ng + OBCN are kinetically prohibited by the relatively high free energy barrier ranging from 22.7 to 31.7 kcal mol-1 except for the OBKrCN and OBKrNC analogues. And the adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) analysis indicated that chemical bonding in OBNgCN compounds is realized via a delocalized 3-center 2-electron (3c-2e) σ-bond in the B-Ng-C moiety and a totally delocalized 5-center 2-electron (5c-2e) σ-bond in the whole O-B-Ng-C-N. Natural bond orbital (NBO) theory, atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and energy decomposition analysis (EDA) based on the molecular wavefunction revealed that the B-Ng bond and Ng-C bond have some covalent character in OBNgCN. In addition, the calculation and detailed bonding analysis on a large number of neutral and monocationic compounds with identical valence electron numbers to OBNgCN demonstrate that the two bonds directly linked to the Ng atoms have covalent properties in neutral compounds, whereas Ng forms one typical covalent bond and one partial covalent and partial ionic bond with the neighboring atoms in the monocationic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
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Li ZZ, Wen M, Li AY. Rg nBe 3B 3+: theoretical investigation of Be 3B 3+ and its rare gas capability. J Mol Model 2019; 25:349. [PMID: 31741081 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of Be3B3+ and its rare gas (Rg) containing complexes RgnBe3B3+ (Rg = He-Rn, n = 1-6) have been predicted theoretically using the B3LYP, MP2, and CCSD(T) methods to explore structures, stability, charge distributions, and nature of bonding. Both Be3B3+ and RgBe3B3+ are the global minima on the potential energy surfaces. In the RgnBe3B3+ complexes, the dissociation energy drops with the increase in number of Rg. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and topological analysis of the electron density (AIM) show that the Rg-Be bonds for Kr-Rn have some covalent character. The Rg-Be bond is stabilized dominantly by the Rg → Be3B3+ σ-donation from the valence p orbital of Rg to the vacant valence LUMO orbital of Rgn-1Be3B3+. Besides, other two π-donations also play important roles in stabilizing the Rg-Be bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhe Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road No. 2, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mei Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road No. 2, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - An Yong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road No. 2, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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How do halogen atoms affect Xe-Mo double bond? A theoretical study of X2XeMoY2 (X = F, Cl, Br; Y = F, Cl, Br). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Saha R, Jana G, Pan S, Merino G, Chattaraj PK. How Far Can One Push the Noble Gases Towards Bonding?: A Personal Account. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162933. [PMID: 31412650 PMCID: PMC6719121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Noble gases (Ngs) are the least reactive elements in the periodic table towards chemical bond formation when compared with other elements because of their completely filled valence electronic configuration. Very often, extreme conditions like low temperatures, high pressures and very reactive reagents are required for them to form meaningful chemical bonds with other elements. In this personal account, we summarize our works to date on Ng complexes where we attempted to theoretically predict viable Ng complexes having strong bonding to synthesize them under close to ambient conditions. Our works cover three different types of Ng complexes, viz., non-insertion of NgXY type, insertion of XNgY type and Ng encapsulated cage complexes where X and Y can represent any atom or group of atoms. While the first category of Ng complexes can be thermochemically stable at a certain temperature depending on the strength of the Ng-X bond, the latter two categories are kinetically stable, and therefore, their viability and the corresponding conditions depend on the size of the activation barrier associated with the release of Ng atom(s). Our major focus was devoted to understand the bonding situation in these complexes by employing the available state-of-the-art theoretic tools like natural bond orbital, electron density, and energy decomposition analyses in combination with the natural orbital for chemical valence theory. Intriguingly, these three types of complexes represent three different types of bonding scenarios. In NgXY, the strength of the donor-acceptor Ng→XY interaction depends on the polarizing power of binding the X center to draw the rather rigid electron density of Ng towards itself, and sometimes involvement of such orbitals becomes large enough, particularly for heavier Ng elements, to consider them as covalent bonds. On the other hand, in most of the XNgY cases, Ng forms an electron-shared covalent bond with X while interacting electrostatically with Y representing itself as [XNg]+Y-. Nevertheless, in some of the rare cases like NCNgNSi, both the C-Ng and Ng-N bonds can be represented as electron-shared covalent bonds. On the other hand, a cage host is an excellent moiety to examine the limits that can be pushed to attain bonding between two Ng atoms (even for He) at high pressure. The confinement effect by a small cage-like B12N12 can even induce some covalent interaction within two He atoms in the He2@B12N12 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Gourhari Jana
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, Mérida 97310, Yuc., Mexico.
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Jana G, Jha R, Pan S, Chattaraj PK. Microsolvation of lithium–phosphorus double helix: a DFT study. Theor Chem Acc 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pan S, Jana G, Merino G, Chattaraj PK. Noble-Noble Strong Union: Gold at Its Best to Make a Bond with a Noble Gas Atom. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:173-187. [PMID: 30740292 PMCID: PMC6356865 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This Review presents the current status of the noble gas (Ng)‐noble metal chemistry, which began in 1977 with the detection of AuNe+ through mass spectroscopy and then grew from 2000 onwards; currently, the field is in a somewhat matured state. On one side, modern quantum chemistry is very effective in providing important insights into the structure, stability, and barrier for the decomposition of Ng compounds and, as a result, a plethora of viable Ng compounds have been predicted. On the other hand. experimental achievement also goes beyond microscopic detection and characterization through spectroscopic techniques and crystal structures at ambient temperature; for example, (AuXe4)2+(Sb2F11−)2 have also been obtained. The bonding between two noble elements of the periodic table can even reach the covalent limit. The relativistic effect makes gold a very special candidate to form a strong bond with Ng in comparison to copper and silver. Insertion compounds, which are metastable in nature, depending on their kinetic stability, display an even more fascinating bonding situation. The degree of covalency in Ng–M (M=noble metal) bonds of insertion compounds is far larger than that in non‐insertion compounds. In fact, in MNgCN (M=Cu, Ag, Au) molecules, the M−Ng and Ng−C bonds might be represented as classical 2c–2e σ bonds. Therefore, noble metals, particularly gold, provide the opportunity for experimental chemists to obtain sufficiently stable complexes with Ng at room temperature in order to characterize them by using experimental techniques and, with the intriguing bonding situation, to explore them with various computational tools from a theoretical perspective. This field is relatively young and, in the coming years, a lot of advancement is expected experimentally as well as theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Pan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Gourhari Jana
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73 Cordemex 97310 Mérida, Yuc. México
| | - Pratim K Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India.,Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai 400076 India
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Jana G, Pan S, Merino G, Chattaraj PK. Noble Gas Inserted Metal Acetylides (Metal = Cu, Ag, Au). J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7391-7401. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b05404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gourhari Jana
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310, Mérida, Yuc., México
| | - Pratim K. Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
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Ghosh A, Gupta A, Gupta R, Ghanty TK. Noble gas hydrides in the triplet state: HNgCCO + (Ng = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20270-20279. [PMID: 30039141 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by the very recent investigations of neutral noble gas compounds in the open-shell configuration, we explored a new series of noble gas hydrides in the triplet state. The possible existence of noble gas-inserted ketenyl cations, HNgCCO+ (Ng = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe), in their triplet electronic state has been predicted by various ab initio quantum chemical techniques. Density functional theory (DFT), second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2), and coupled-cluster theory (CCSD(T)) based methods have been employed to investigate the structures, energetics, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and charge distribution analysis of these ions. The aforementioned ions have been found to be thermodynamically stable with respect to all plausible 2-body and 3-body dissociation channels, except the 2-body dissociation pathway leading to the formation of global minima products (Ng + HCCO+). Nevertheless, each of the predicted HNgCCO+ ions is connected to the global minima products through a transition state with a finite barrier height on the potential energy surface, which confirms the kinetic stability of the metastable species. Detailed analysis of the optimized structural parameters, energetics, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the predicted species clearly indicated that a strong covalent bond exists between H and Ng atoms, while a comparatively weak interaction is found between Ng and C atoms. Moreover, charge distribution and atoms-in-molecules (AIM) analysis strongly concurred with the above inferences and also suggested that the predicted metastable ions should exist essentially in the form of [HNg]+[CCO] complex. These results ultimately indicate that these predicted species may be prepared and characterized by suitable experimental technique(s) under a cryogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Ghosh
- Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Beam Technology Development Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
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