1
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Caminos DA, Rimondino GN, Gatica E, Massad WA, Argüello JE. Riboflavin and Eosin Y Supported on Chromatographic Silica Gel as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30705-30715. [PMID: 37636947 PMCID: PMC10448656 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The application of photocatalysis for organic synthesis, both in the laboratory and on an industrial scale, will depend on the achieving of good yields and the ease with which it can be applied. Selective irradiation of the photocatalyst with LED light has made it possible to activate the reactions easily, without the need for UV or heat filters. However, a common problem is the need to separate the photocatalyst from the reaction products through extraction and chromatography isolation processes. These procedures make it difficult to recover and reuse the catalyst, which is not compatible with scale-up applications. Photocatalysts attached to heterogeneous supports resulted in an alternative, which facilitates their removal and reuse. In this study, we use chromatographic silica gel as a low-cost heterogeneous support to bind photosensitizers such as Riboflavin or Eosin Y. The modified silica gel was analyzed by FTIR-ATR and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and optical microscopy. These hybrid materials have a suitable size for easy separation by decantation and were found to be photoactive against two photooxidation reactions. These easy-to-handle materials open the door to effective applications for photoinduced organic synthesis methods at medium to large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Caminos
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba, INFIQC,
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas,
CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende.
Ed Cs II. Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas,
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya
de la Torre y Medina Allende. Ed Cs II. Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Guido N. Rimondino
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba, INFIQC,
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas,
CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende.
Ed Cs II. Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento
de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria,
Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende. Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Gatica
- Instituto
para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS). CONICET −
UNRC. Depto. de Estudios Básicos y Agropecuarios, Facultad
de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad
Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio Cuarto X5804BYA, Argentina
| | - Walter A. Massad
- Instituto
para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), CONICET −
UNRC, Depto. de Química − FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio Cuarto X5804BYA, Argentina
| | - Juan E. Argüello
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba, INFIQC,
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas,
CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende.
Ed Cs II. Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas,
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya
de la Torre y Medina Allende. Ed Cs II. Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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2
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Zhang F, Wei Z, Wu W, Liu N, Li X, Zou L, Wang K, Xu J, Fan B. Photocatalyst-free visible light driven synthesis of gem-dihaloenones from alkynes, tetrahalomethanes and water. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:719-723. [PMID: 36416357 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01983c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic reactions, in particular, processes without photosensitisers, have attracted increased attention due to their green aspect and high economic value and are considered valuable tools in organic synthesis. A new practical photocatalytic system was investigated in this study, and it can efficiently produce gem-dihaloenones by combining terminal alkynes with tetrahalomethanes (BrCCl3 and CBr4) and water without a photocatalyst, and the yield can reach up to 87%. The catalytic system is straightforward, the raw materials are inexpensive and easy to obtain, and the operation is simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqing Zhang
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China.
| | - Zixiang Wei
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China.
| | - Na Liu
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China. .,Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China
| | - Xinhan Li
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China.
| | - Luqian Zou
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China.
| | - Kaiming Wang
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China.
| | - Jianbin Xu
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China. .,Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China
| | - Baomin Fan
- School of chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunmin 650504, China. .,Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China
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3
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Yu Q, Yu KY, Xu CF, Wong MK. Visible light photocatalytic one pot synthesis of Z-arylvinyl halides from E-arylvinyl acids with N-halosuccinimide. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3931-3934. [PMID: 35425457 PMCID: PMC8981174 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08753c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient visible light photocatalytic strategy to synthesize thermodynamically less stable Z-arylvinyl halides (with up to >99/1 Z/E ratio and 86% yield) was developed. The reaction combined base-mediated halodecarboxylation of E-arylvinyl acids with N-halosuccinimide and visible light Ir-photocatalyzed isomerization of E-arylvinyl halides in a one pot sequential catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Kun Yi Yu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Cai Feng Xu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Man-Kin Wong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hum Hong Kong China
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4
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Schmid L, Glaser F, Schaer R, Wenger OS. High Triplet Energy Iridium(III) Isocyanoborato Complex for Photochemical Upconversion, Photoredox and Energy Transfer Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:963-976. [PMID: 34985882 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes are often chosen as catalysts for challenging photoredox and triplet-triplet-energy-transfer (TTET) catalyzed reactions, and they are of interest for upconversion into the ultraviolet spectral range. However, the triplet energies of commonly employed Ir(III) photosensitizers are typically limited to values around 2.5-2.75 eV. Here, we report on a new Ir(III) luminophore, with an unusually high triplet energy near 3.0 eV owing to the modification of a previously reported Ir(III) complex with isocyanoborato ligands. Compared to a nonborylated cyanido precursor complex, the introduction of B(C6F5)3 units in the second coordination sphere results in substantially improved photophysical properties, in particular a high luminescence quantum yield (0.87) and a long excited-state lifetime (13.0 μs), in addition to the high triplet energy. These favorable properties (including good long-term photostability) facilitate exceptionally challenging organic triplet photoreactions and (sensitized) triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion to a fluorescent singlet excited state beyond 4 eV, unusually deep in the ultraviolet region. The new Ir(III) complex photocatalyzes a sigmatropic shift and [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions that are unattainable with common transition metal-based photosensitizers. In the presence of a sacrificial electron donor, it furthermore is applicable to demanding photoreductions, including dehalogenations, detosylations, and the degradation of a lignin model substrate. Our study demonstrates how rational ligand design of transition-metal complexes (including underexplored second coordination sphere effects) can be used to enhance their photophysical properties and thereby broaden their application potential in solar energy conversion and synthetic photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Glaser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Schaer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Mora-Rodríguez SE, Camacho-Ramírez A, Cervantes-González J, Vázquez MA, Cervantes-Jauregui JA, Feliciano A, Guerra-Contreras A, Lagunas-Rivera S. Organic dyes supported on silicon-based materials: synthesis and applications as photocatalysts. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01751a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most important advance in photocatalysis in the last decade has been the synthesis and application of organic compounds to promote this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma E. Mora-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Abygail Camacho-Ramírez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Javier Cervantes-González
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Miguel A. Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Jorge A. Cervantes-Jauregui
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Alberto Feliciano
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Antonio Guerra-Contreras
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE, Universidad de Guanajuato Institution, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Selene Lagunas-Rivera
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, DCNyE, Noria Alta s/n, Guanajuato, Gto., 36050, Mexico
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6
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Bao L, Cheng JT, Wang ZX, Chen XY. Pyrylium salts acting as both energy transfer and electron transfer photocatalysts for E → Z isomerization of activated alkenes and cyclization of cinnamic or biaryl carboxylic acids. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01623g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Here we report that 2,4,6-triarylpyrylium salts could perform both energy transfer and electron transfer photocatalysis modes for E → Z isomerization of activated alkenes and cyclization of cinnamic or biaryl carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Tang Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Neveselý T, Wienhold M, Molloy JJ, Gilmour R. Advances in the E → Z Isomerization of Alkenes Using Small Molecule Photocatalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2650-2694. [PMID: 34449198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Geometrical E → Z alkene isomerization is intimately entwined in the historical fabric of organic photochemistry and is enjoying a renaissance (Roth et al. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989 28, 1193-1207). This is a consequence of the fundamental stereochemical importance of Z-alkenes, juxtaposed with frustrations in thermal reactivity that are rooted in microscopic reversibility. Accessing excited state reactivity paradigms allow this latter obstacle to be circumnavigated by exploiting subtle differences in the photophysical behavior of the substrate and product chromophores: this provides a molecular basis for directionality. While direct irradiation is operationally simple, photosensitization via selective energy transfer enables augmentation of the alkene repertoire to include substrates that are not directly excited by photons. Through sustained innovation, an impressive portfolio of tailored small molecule catalysts with a range of triplet energies are now widely available to facilitate contra-thermodynamic and thermo-neutral isomerization reactions to generate Z-alkene fragments. This review is intended to serve as a practical guide covering the geometric isomerization of alkenes enabled by energy transfer catalysis from 2000 to 2020, and as a logical sequel to the excellent treatment by Dugave and Demange (Chem. Rev. 2003 103, 2475-2532). The mechanistic foundations underpinning isomerization selectivity are discussed together with induction models and rationales to explain the counterintuitive directionality of these processes in which very small energy differences distinguish substrate from product. Implications for subsequent stereospecific transformations, application in total synthesis, regioselective polyene isomerization, and spatiotemporal control of pre-existing alkene configuration in a broader sense are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Neveselý
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Wienhold
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John J Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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8
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Rehpenn A, Walter A, Storch G. Molecular Editing of Flavins for Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1458-2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe diverse activity of flavoenzymes in organic transformations has fascinated researchers for a long time. However, when applied outside an enzyme environment, the isolated flavin cofactor only shows largely reduced activity. This highlights the importance of embedding the reactive isoalloxazine core of flavins in defined surroundings. The latter include crucial non-covalent interactions with amino acid side chains or backbone as well as controlled access to reactants such as molecular oxygen. Nevertheless, molecular flavins are increasingly applied in the organic laboratory as valuable organocatalysts. Chemical modification of the parent isoalloxazine structure is of particular interest in this context in order to achieve reactivity and selectivity in transformations, which are so far only known with flavoenzymes or even unprecedented. This review aims to give a systematic overview of the reported designed flavin catalysts and highlights the impact of each structural alteration. It is intended to serve as a source of information when comparing the performance of known catalysts, but also when designing new flavins. Over the last few decades, molecular flavin catalysis has emerged from proof-of-concept reactions to increasingly sophisticated transformations. This stimulates anticipating new flavin catalyst designs for solving contemporary challenges in organic synthesis.1 Introduction2 N1-Modification3 N3-Modification4 N5-Modification5 C6–C9-Modification6 N10-Modification7 Conclusion
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9
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Song Y, Wang X, Wang L, Dong Z, Fan S, Huang P, Zeng J, Cheng P. Visible-light promoted allylation of N-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline using riboflavin tetra-acetate as photocatalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Cruché C, Neiderer W, Collins SK. Heteroleptic Copper-Based Complexes for Energy-Transfer Processes: E → Z Isomerization and Tandem Photocatalytic Sequences. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Cruché
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3 Canada
| | - William Neiderer
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3 Canada
| | - Shawn K. Collins
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3 Canada
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11
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Kurka DW, Niehues M, Ravoo BJ. Self-Assembly of Colloidal Molecules Based on Host-Guest Chemistry and Geometric Constraints. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3924-3931. [PMID: 32182073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of colloidal molecules (CMs), that is, clusters of colloids with a defined aggregation number and configuration, is of continued and significant interest in colloid chemistry and materials science and numerous interactions have been utilized to drive their (self-)assembly. However, only very few reports are available on the assembly of CMs based on host-guest chemistry. In this paper, we investigate the assembly of like-charged silica particles into well-defined, core-satellite ABn-type CMs in water, mediated by host-guest interactions and geometric constraints. Exploiting the inherent dynamics of noncovalent attraction and making use of a soft polymer shell to enhance multivalent host-guest interactions, we successfully synthesized AB3, AB4, and AB6 CMs by selecting the appropriate size ratio of satellite to core particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin W Kurka
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niehues
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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12
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Zaborniak I, Surmacz K, Flejszar M, Chmielarz P. Triple‐functional riboflavin‐based molecule for efficient atom transfer radical polymerization in miniemulsion media. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zaborniak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
| | - Karolina Surmacz
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical SciencesRzeszów University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
| | - Monika Flejszar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
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13
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Zaborniak I, Chmielarz P, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of Riboflavin‐Based Macromolecules through Low ppm ATRP in Aqueous Media. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zaborniak
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszów Poland
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszów Poland
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
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14
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Rajendran A, Rajendiran M, Yang ZF, Fan HX, Cui TY, Zhang YG, Li WY. Functionalized Silicas for Metal-Free and Metal-Based Catalytic Applications: A Review in Perspective of Green Chemistry. CHEM REC 2019; 20:513-540. [PMID: 31631504 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis plays a key role in promoting green chemistry through many routes. The functionalizable reactive silanols highlight silica as a beguiling support for the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts. Metal active sites anchored on functionalized silica (FS) usually demonstrate the better dispersion and stability due to their firm chemical interaction with FSs. Having certain functional groups in structure, FSs can act as the useful catalysts for few organic reactions even without the need of metal active sites which are termed as the covetous reusable organocatalysts. Magnetic FSs have laid the platform where the effortless recovery of catalysts is realized just using an external magnet, resulting in the simplified reaction procedure. Using FSs of multiple functional groups, we can envisage the shortened reaction pathway and, reduced chemical uses and chemical wastes. Unstable bio-molecules like enzymes have been stabilized when they get chemically anchored on FSs. The resultant solid bio-catalysts exhibited very good reusability in many catalytic reactions. Getting provoked from the green chemistry aspects and benefits of FS-based catalysts, we confer the recent literature and progress focusing on the significance of FSs in heterogeneous catalysis. This review covers the preparative methods, types and catalytic applications of FSs. A special emphasis is given to the metal-free FS catalysts, multiple FS-based catalysts and magnetic FSs. Through this review, we presume that the contribution of FSs to green chemistry can be well understood. The future perspective of FSs and the improvements still required for implementing FS-based catalysts in practical applications have been narrated at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Rajendran
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P.R. China
| | - Marimuthu Rajendiran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Zhi-Fen Yang
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xia Fan
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P.R. China
| | - Tian-You Cui
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Gang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China
| | - Wen-Ying Li
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China
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15
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Zhang H, Xu Q, Yu L, Yu S. Photocatalytic Isomerization of Styrenyl Halides: Stereodivergent Synthesis of Functionalized Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002 China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002 China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002 China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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Molloy JJ, Morack T, Gilmour R. Positional and Geometrical Isomerisation of Alkenes: The Pinnacle of Atom Economy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13654-13664. [PMID: 31233259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to achieve spatiotemporal regulation of pre-existing alkenes via external stimuli are essential given the ubiquity of feedstock olefins in chemistry and their downstream applications. Mirroring the 1-0 switch that underpins mammalian vision through selective geometric isomerisation in retinal, strategies to manipulate 2D space by both geometric and positional isomerisation of alkenes via chemical, thermal and light-driven processes are being intensively pursued. This minireview highlights the current state of the art in activating and achieving directionality in these fundamental chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Morack
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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17
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Molloy JJ, Morack T, Gilmour R. Positionelle und geometrische Isomerisierung von Alkenen: der Gipfel der Atomökonomie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J. Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tobias Morack
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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18
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Ding W, Ho CC, Yoshikai N. Photosensitized, Energy-Transfer-Mediated Cyclization of 2-(1-Arylvinyl)benzaldehydes to Anthracen-9-(10H)-ones. Org Lett 2019; 21:1202-1206. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ding
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Chang Chin Ho
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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19
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Akula PS, Hong BC, Lee GH. Catalyst- and Substituent-Controlled Switching of Chemoselectivity for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Fully Substituted Cyclobutane Derivatives via 2 + 2 Annulation of Vinylogous Ketone Enolates and Nitroalkene. Org Lett 2018; 20:7835-7839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Sudheer Akula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
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20
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Abstract
The use of small organic molecules as catalysts has gained increasing importance recently. These substances, the so-called organocatalysts, present a lot of advantages, like being less toxic, less polluting, and more economically viable than the organometallic catalysts that dominate asymmetric synthesis. This work intends to briefly show some classic works and recent publications, explaining the advantages of organocatalysis and the different types of compounds used in this field, as well as their course of action.
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21
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Guo L, Song F, Zhu S, Li H, Chu L. syn-Selective alkylarylation of terminal alkynes via the combination of photoredox and nickel catalysis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4543. [PMID: 30382103 PMCID: PMC6208420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Substituted alkenes are pivotal structural motifs found in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Although numerous methods have been developed to construct substituted alkenes, a generally efficient, mild, catalytic platform for the conversion of alkynes to this highly functionalized scaffold via successive C–C bond forming steps remains in high demand. Here we describe an intermolecular, regio- and syn-stereoselective alkylarylation of terminal alkynes with tertiary alkyl oxalates via photoredox-Ni dual catalysis. This catalytic protocol, synergistically combining Ir/Ni-catalyzed alkyne difunctionalization with photoinduced alkene isomerization, affords trisubstituted alkenes with excellent efficiency and syn-stereoselectivity. The mild conditions tolerate many functional groups, allowing for a broad scope with respect to terminal alkynes, aryl bromides, and alkyl oxalates. Converting alkynes into alkenes with high stereoselectivity via two consecutive C-C bond forming steps is a desirable process, yet very challenging. Here, the authors describe a dual photoredox-nickel catalytic system for the regio- and syn-selective alkylarylation of terminal alkynes with alkyl oxalates and aryl bromides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shengqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lingling Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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22
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An XD, Zhang H, Xu Q, Yu L, Yu S. Stereodivergent Synthesis of α-Aminomethyl Cinnamyl Ethers via
Photoredox-Catalyzed Radical Relay Reaction. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-De An
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Guangling College, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002 China
| | - Qing Xu
- Guangling College, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002 China
| | - Lei Yu
- Guangling College, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002 China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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23
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Strieth-Kalthoff F, James MJ, Teders M, Pitzer L, Glorius F. Energy transfer catalysis mediated by visible light: principles, applications, directions. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7190-7202. [PMID: 30088504 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00054a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing visible light to access excited (triplet) states of organic compounds can enable impressive reactivity modes. This tutorial review covers the photophysical fundamentals and most significant advances in the field of visible-light-mediated energy transfer catalysis within the last decade. Methods to determine excited triplet state energies and to characterize the underlying Dexter energy transfer are discussed. Synthetic applications of this field, divided into four main categories (cyclization reactions, double bond isomerizations, bond dissociations and sensitization of metal complexes), are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Strieth-Kalthoff
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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24
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James MJ, Schwarz JL, Strieth-Kalthoff F, Wibbeling B, Glorius F. Dearomative Cascade Photocatalysis: Divergent Synthesis through Catalyst Selective Energy Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8624-8628. [PMID: 29961335 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery and application of dearomative cascade photocatalysis as a strategy in complex molecule synthesis is described. Visible-light-absorbing photosensitizers were used to (sequentially) activate a 1-naphthol derived arene precursor to divergently form two different polycyclic molecular scaffolds through catalyst selective energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J James
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Jonas Luca Schwarz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Felix Strieth-Kalthoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Birgit Wibbeling
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
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