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Chakraborty C, Rajak A, Das A. Shape-tunable two-dimensional assemblies from chromophore-conjugated crystallizable poly(L-lactides) with chain-length-dependent photophysical properties. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13019-13028. [PMID: 38894626 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This work reports temperature-dependent shape-changeable two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures by crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) from a chromophore-conjugated poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) homopolymer (PTZ-P1) that contained a polar dye, phenothiazine (PTZ), at the chain-end of the crystallizable PLLA. The CDSA of PTZ-P1 in a polar solvent, isopropanol (iPrOH), by an uncontrolled heating-cooling process, majorly generates lozenge-shaped 2D platelets via chain-folding-mediated crystallization of the PLLA core, leading to the display of the phenothiazines on the 2D surface that confers colloidal stability and orange-emitting luminescent properties to the crystal lamellae. Isothermal crystallization at 60 °C causes a morphological change in PTZ-P1 platelets from lozenge to truncated-lozenge to perfect hexagon under different annealing times, while no shape change was noticed in the structurally similar PTZ-P2 polymer with a longer PLLA chain under similar conditions. This study unveils the complex link between the 2D platelet morphologies and degree of polymerization (DP) of PLLA and the corona-forming dye character. Further, the co-assembly potential of PTZ-P1 with hydrophobic pyrene-terminated PLLAs of varying chain lengths (PY-P1, PY-P2, and PY-P3) was examined, as these two dyes could form a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) pair on the 2D surface. The impact of the length of the crystallizable PLLA on the photophysical properties of the surface-occupied chromophores revealed crucial insights into interchromophoric interactions on the platelet surface. A reduction in the propensity for π-stacking with increasing chain-folding in longer PLLAs is manifested in the chain-length-dependent FRET efficiencies and excimer emission lifetimes within the resultant monolayered 2D assemblies. The unconventional "butterfly-shaped" molecular architecture of the tested phenothiazine, combined with its varied functional features and polar character, adds a distinctive dimension to the underdeveloped field of CDSA of chromophore-conjugated poly(L-lactides), opening future avenues for the development of advanced nanostructured biodegradable 2D materials with programmable morphology and optical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhandita Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja. S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Aritra Rajak
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja. S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja. S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
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Barkale HV, Dey N. Tuning Sensing Efficacy of Oligo(phenylenevinylene) Based Chromogenic Probes: Effect of Alkyl Substituents on Metal Ion Detection at Micelle-Water Interface. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400058. [PMID: 38436497 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we conducted a comparative analysis of the metal ion sensing capabilities of two pyridine-end oligo p-phenylenevinylene compounds featuring different alkyl substituents (-C4H9 and -C16H33) within a micelle medium. Our findings revealed a correlation between the positioning of the probe molecules within the micelle and the length of the alkyl chains, impacting their self-assembly tendencies and optical characteristics. The compound with shorter alkyl chains demonstrated a superior affinity towards Hg2+ ions, whereas exposure to the compound with longer alkyl substituent resulted in a color-changing response with both Cu2+and Hg2+ ions. Intriguingly, the sensitivity towards Hg2+ ions heightened with increasing alkyl chain length. This trend persisted in non-polar solvents like THF. The capacity to modulate sensing efficacy solely by adjusting the length of the alkyl chains represents a relatively uncommon occurrence in the existing literature. This discovery suggests promising prospects for engineering sensory devices equipped with adaptable sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshal V Barkale
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Nilanjan Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India
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Chen S, Feng L, Wang X, Fan Y, Ke Y, Hua L, Li Z, Hou Y, Xue B. Supramolecular Thixotropic Ionogel Electrolyte for Sodium Batteries. Gels 2022; 8:gels8030193. [PMID: 35323306 PMCID: PMC8953603 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the potential of sodium as an alternative to lithium as charge carrier, increasing attention has been focused on the development of high-performance electrolytes for Na batteries in recent years. In this regard, gel-type electrolytes, which combine the outstanding ionic conductivity of liquid electrolytes and the safety of solid electrolytes, demonstrate immense application prospects. However, most gel electrolytes not only need a number of specific techniques for molding, but also typically suffer from breakage, leading to a short service life and severe safety issues. In this study, a supramolecular thixotropic ionogel electrolyte is proposed to address these problems. This thixotropic electrolyte is formed by the supramolecular self-assembly of D-gluconic acetal-based gelator (B8) in an ionic liquid solution of a Na salt, which exhibits moldability, a high ionic conductivity, and a rapid self-healing property. The ionogel electrolyte is chemically stable to Na and exhibits a good Na+ transference number. In addition, the self-assembly mechanism of B8 and thixotropic mechanism of ionogel are investigated. The safe, low-cost and multifunctional ionogel electrolyte developed herein supports the development of future high-performance Na batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Chen
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, No. 56 Hongzhuan Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.F.); (L.H.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (Y.H.); (B.X.)
| | - Li Feng
- Jiangsu Sunpower Co., Ltd., No 8 of Xingyuan Road, Huangqiao Industrical Park, Taixing 225400, China;
| | - Xiaoji Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology, 1 Zhongziyuan Road, Dalang, Dongguan 523803, China; (X.W.); (Y.K.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yange Fan
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, No. 56 Hongzhuan Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.F.); (L.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yubin Ke
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology, 1 Zhongziyuan Road, Dalang, Dongguan 523803, China; (X.W.); (Y.K.)
| | - Lin Hua
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, No. 56 Hongzhuan Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.F.); (L.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zheng Li
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, No. 56 Hongzhuan Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.F.); (L.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yimin Hou
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, No. 56 Hongzhuan Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.F.); (L.H.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (Y.H.); (B.X.)
| | - Baoyu Xue
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, No. 56 Hongzhuan Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.F.); (L.H.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (Y.H.); (B.X.)
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Gangadhar PS, Reddy G, Prasanthkumar S, Giribabu L. Phenothiazine functional materials for organic optoelectronic applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14969-14996. [PMID: 34231592 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01185e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phenothiazine (PTZ) is one of the most extensively investigated S, N heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons due to its unique optical, electronic properties, flexibility of functionalization, low cost, and commercial availability. Hence, PTZ and its derivative materials have been attractive in various optoelectronic applications in the last few years. In this prospective, we have focused on the most significant characteristics of PTZ and highlighted how the structural modifications such as different electron donors or acceptors, length of the π-conjugated system or spacers, polar or non-polar chains, and other functional groups influence the optoelectronic properties. This prospective provides a recent account of the advances in phenothiazine derivative materials as an active layer(s) for optoelectronic (viz. dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells (PSCs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistor (OFETs), chemosensing, nonlinear optical materials (NLOs), and supramolecular self-assembly applications. Finally, future prospects are discussed based on the structure-property relationship in PTZ-derivative materials. This overview will pave the way for researchers to design and develop new PTZ-functionalized structures and use them for various organic optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palivela Siva Gangadhar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Govind Reddy
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India.
| | - Seelam Prasanthkumar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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