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Courtois J, Wang C, Tian Q, Wang B, Feng W. Nanostructured photoswitchable colloidal particles made of coordination polymer containing dimethyldihydropyrene units. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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2
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Supramolecular Polymers: Recent Advances Based on the Types of Underlying Interactions. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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3
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Chowdhury S, Reynard-Feytis Q, Roizard C, Frath D, Chevallier F, Bucher C, Gibaud T. Light-Controlled Aggregation and Gelation of Viologen-Based Coordination Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12063-12071. [PMID: 34677961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ditopic bis-(triazole/pyridine)viologens are bidentate ligands that self-assemble into coordination polymers. In such photo-responsive materials, light irradiation initiates photo-induced electron transfer to generate π-radicals that can self-associate to form π-dimers. This leads to a cascade of events: processes at the supramolecular scale associated with mechanical and structural transition at the macroscopic scale. By tuning the irradiation power and duration, we evidence the formation of aggregates and gels. Using microscopy, we show that the aggregates are dense, polydisperse, micron-sized, spindle-shaped particles which grow in time. Using microscopy and time-resolved micro-rheology, we follow the gelation kinetics which leads to a gel characterized by a correlation length of a few microns and a weak elastic modulus. The analysis of the aggregates and the gel states vouch for an arrested phase separation process, a new scenario to supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagor Chowdhury
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Quentin Reynard-Feytis
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Clément Roizard
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Denis Frath
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Floris Chevallier
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Gibaud
- Laboratoire de Physique, Université de Lyon, Ens de Lyon, University Claude Bernard, CNRS, F69342 Lyon, France
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Juneau A, Frenette M. Exploring Curious Covalent Bonding: Raman Identification and Thermodynamics of Perpendicular and Parallel Pancake Bonding (Pimers) of Ethyl Viologen Radical Cation Dimers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10805-10812. [PMID: 34543028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Viologen radical cations can dimerize in solutions, and the resulting "pimers" were predicted to assemble into parallel and perpendicular conformers by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Using resonance Raman, we could identify both perpendicular and parallel forms of ethyl viologen dimers. The distinction between the two forms was accomplished by studying the formation of a host-guest complex with γ-cyclodextrin. The dimer's perpendicular form was excluded due to the host cavity size, and γ-cyclodextrin addition caused a decrease in peak intensities at 1171, 1511, and 1602 cm-1 that could be assigned to the perpendicular form. DFT modeling of the vibrational spectra under preresonance conditions allowed us to assign the remaining vibrational modes for the parallel and perpendicular forms. Using variable-temperature UV-vis, the bond dissociation energy (ΔH) for this pancake-bonded dimer was measured as 13.1 ± 0.2 kcal/mol. This type of covalent pancake bonding is a challenge to properly describe using DFT methods. Previously, B97D was found to best describe the ΔG of this dimerization (Angew. Chem. 2017, 129, 9563-9567), but this method underestimates the ΔH by 6 kcal/mol. Of the 11 functionals tested, we found that B3LYP with Grimme's D3 dispersion effect can best reproduce the ΔH. Energy decomposition analysis of the bonding energy showed that solvation effects were the most important contributor-polar solvents are needed to overcome the Coulomb repulsion between the two positively charged monomers. Dispersion effects are second in importance and appear larger than the favorable orbital interaction obtained by singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO)-SOMO orbital overlap. This study brings forth important insights into the curious cases of covalent bonding between two π-delocalized radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Juneau
- Department of Chemistry and NanoQAM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mathieu Frenette
- Department of Chemistry and NanoQAM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
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6
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Liu F, Chowdhury S, Rosas R, Monnier V, Charles L, Karoui H, Gigmes D, Ouari O, Chevallier F, Bucher C, Kermagoret A, Liu S, Bardelang D. Triple Stack of a Viologen Derivative in a CB[10] Pair. Org Lett 2021; 23:5283-5287. [PMID: 33851849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A viologen-phenylene-imidazole (VPI) conjugate, previously shown to be singly complexed by CB[7] and doubly bound by CB[8], is herein shown to form antiparallel triple stacks in water with cucurbit[10]uril (CB[10]), pairwise complexing the guest trimer. The quinary host:guest 2:3 complex showed features assignable to charge-transfer interactions. Under reductive conditions, CB[10] could solubilize a VPI radical, even though CB[10] and reduced VPI are almost insoluble, thereby illustrating a possible new application for CB[10].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbo Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shagor Chowdhury
- Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France
| | - Roselyne Rosas
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Spectropole, FR 1739, Marseille, France
| | - Valérie Monnier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Spectropole, FR 1739, Marseille, France
| | | | - Hakim Karoui
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Floris Chevallier
- Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France
| | | | - Simin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
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7
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Kahlfuss C, Chowdhury S, Carreira AF, Grüber R, Dumont E, Frath D, Chevallier F, Eric-Saint-Aman, Bucher C. Electron-Triggered Metamorphism in Palladium-Driven Self-Assembled Architectures. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3543-3555. [PMID: 33620206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A metal-induced self-assembly strategy is used to promote the π-dimerization of viologen-based radicals at room temperature and in standard concentration ranges. Discrete box-shaped 2:2 (M:L) macrocycles or coordination polymers are formed in solution by self-assembly of a viologen-based ditopic ligand with cis-[Pd(en)(NO3)2], trans-[Pd(CH3CN)2(Cl)2], or [Pd(CH3CN)4(BF4)2]. Changing the redox state of the bipyridium units involved in the tectons, from their dicationic state to their radical cation state, results in a reversible "inflation/deflation" of the discrete 2:2 (M:L) macrocyclic assemblies associated to a large modification in the size of their inner cavity. Viologen-centered electron transfer is also used to trigger a dissociation of the coordination polymers formed with tetrakis(acetonitrile)Pd(II), the driving force of the disassembling process being the formation of discrete box-shaped 2:2 (M:L) assemblies stabilized by π-dimerization of both viologen cation radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Kahlfuss
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Shagor Chowdhury
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Adérito Fins Carreira
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Raymond Grüber
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 5 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Denis Frath
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Floris Chevallier
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Eric-Saint-Aman
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Département de Chimie Moléculaire, F38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
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Dalvand P, Nchimi Nono K, Shetty D, Benyettou F, Asfari Z, Platas-Iglesias C, Olson MA, Trabolsi A, Elhabiri M. Viologen–cucurbituril host/guest chemistry – redox control of dimerization versus inclusion. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29543-29554. [PMID: 35479532 PMCID: PMC9040574 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05488k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two calix[4]arene systems, C234+ and C244+ – where 2 corresponds to the number of viologen units and 3–4 corresponds to the number of carbon atoms connecting the viologen units to the macrocyclic core – have been synthesized and led to the formation of [3]pseudorotaxanes when combined with either CB[7] or CB[8]. The [3]pseudorotaxanes spontaneously dissociate upon reduction of the bipyridinium units as the result of intramolecular dimerization of the two face-to-face viologen radical cations. CB[7] and CB[8]-based [2]pseudorotaxanes containing monomeric viologen guest model compounds, MC32+ and MC4+, do not undergo decomplexation and dimerization following electrochemical reduction of their bipyridinium units. Two calix[4]arenes with two viologen units separated by 3 or 4 carbon atoms from the macrocyclic core were synthesized and led to the formation of [3]pseudorotaxanes when combined with CB[7] or CB[8].![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Dalvand
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Katia Nchimi Nono
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Dinesh Shetty
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Benyettou
- New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Experimental Research Building, Building C1, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zouhair Asfari
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, Bâtiment R1N0, 25-rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 15071 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Mark A. Olson
- Northwestern University, Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Experimental Research Building, Building C1, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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9
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Courtois J, Wang B, Abdul-Hassan WS, Almásy L, Yan M, Royal G. Redox-Responsive Colloidal Particles Based on Coordination Polymers Incorporating Viologen Units. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6100-6109. [PMID: 32286063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal particles based on supramolecular polymers are emerging as promising functional materials because of their intrinsic dynamic features and the possibility of stimuli responsivity. In this work, ≈200 nm self-assembled redox-responsive colloidal particles made of 1D-coordination polymers were readily prepared. In these metallopolymers, organic entities made of bis(viologen) groups covalently associated with terpyridine units are spontaneously bridged by Zn2+ cations through the formation of coordination bonds. The properties of these particles were analyzed and their redox activities investigated. Upon reduction of the viologen units, the formation of π-dimers between the reduced viologen moieties was demonstrated by spectroscopic experiments. It was shown that intermolecular π-dimers (i.e., between different polymer chains) that do not exist in homogeneous polymer solutions were, nevertheless, formed in the particle's structure because of the effects of confinement. The presence of these π-dimers allows stabilization of the charge in the colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Courtois
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wathiq S Abdul-Hassan
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - László Almásy
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.,Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege Miklós Street, No. 29-33, Budapest-1121, Hungary
| | - Minhao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Guy Royal
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, DCM, F38400 Grenoble, France
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10
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Photo/redox-responsive 2D-Supramolecular assembly involving Cucurbit[8]uril and a star-shaped porphyrin tecton. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Madasamy K, Velayutham D, Kathiresan M. Facile Construction of a Supramolecular Organic Framework Using Naphthyl Viologen Guests and CB[8] Host via Charge-Transfer Complexation. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8528-8538. [PMID: 31459943 PMCID: PMC6649259 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of guest-host systems comprising naphthyl-viologen-naphthyl (Np-Vio-Np) and viologen-naphthyl-viologen (Vio-Np-Vio) guest molecules and their subsequent supramolecular polymerization in the presence of a CB[8] host in water. In addition, the guest complexation of ethyl-terminated trimeric viologen (ETV) with Np-Vio-Np and CB[8] was investigated. As a result of supramolecular interactions, 2D supramolecular organic frameworks with high internal periodicity were constructed. 1H NMR studies clearly demonstrated the formation of a host-stabilized charge-transfer complex via folding back (Np-Vio-Np and Vio-Np-Vio) in the presence of CB[8]. In the case of ETV + Np-Vio-Np + CB[8], a large polymeric network was formed as indicated by the NMR titrations. UV-vis and fluorescence studies clearly confirm the formation of an inter/intra molecular CT complex upon complexation with cucurbit[8]uril. The size obtained using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method pinpoints the formation of larger supramolecular aggregates in the order of μm through host-guest assembly, which is further complemented by FESEM and TEM. SAXS measurements indicate the formation of a 2D supramolecular polymer/polymer aggregate with long-range order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagaraj Madasamy
- Electroorganic
Division and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), CSIR−Central Electrochemical
Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003 TamilNadu, India
| | - David Velayutham
- Electroorganic
Division and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), CSIR−Central Electrochemical
Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003 TamilNadu, India
| | - Murugavel Kathiresan
- Electroorganic
Division and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), CSIR−Central Electrochemical
Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003 TamilNadu, India
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Kahlfuss C, Grüber R, Dumont E, Royal G, Chevallier F, Cobo S, Saint-Aman E, Bucher C. Dynamic Molecular Metamorphism Involving Palladium-Assisted Dimerization of π-Cation Radicals. Chemistry 2019; 25:1573-1580. [PMID: 30428127 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A dynamic supramolecular approach is developed to promote the π-dimerization of viologen radicals at room temperature and in standard concentration ranges. The approach involves cis- or trans-protected palladium centers serving as inorganic hinges linking two functionalized viologens endowed with metal-ion coordinating properties. Based on detailed spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational data, we show that the one-electron electrochemical reduction of the viologen units in different dynamic metal/ligand mixtures leads to the formation of the same intramolecular π-dimer, regardless of the initial environment around the metallic precursor and of the relative ratio between metal and ligand initially introduced in solution. The large-scale electron-triggered reorganization of the building blocks introduced in solution thus involves drastic changes in the stoichiometry and stereochemistry of the palladium/viologen complexes proceeding in some cases through a palladium centered trans→cis isomerization of the coordinated ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Kahlfuss
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, CNRS-Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69342, Lyon, France
| | - Raymond Grüber
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, CNRS-Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69342, Lyon, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, CNRS-Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69342, Lyon, France
| | - Guy Royal
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR 5250), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Floris Chevallier
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, CNRS-Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69342, Lyon, France
| | - Saioa Cobo
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR 5250), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Saint-Aman
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR 5250), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, CNRS-Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69342, Lyon, France
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Correia HD, Chowdhury S, Ramos AP, Guy L, Demets GJ, Bucher C. Dynamic supramolecular polymers built from cucurbit[n]urils and viologens. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Dias Correia
- Escola Técnica Escola técnica estadual Ângelo Cavalheiro, Rua José Correia Filho 750 Serrana Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040‐901 Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Shagor Chowdhury
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie Lyon France
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040‐901 Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Laure Guy
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie Lyon France
| | - Grégoire Jean‐François Demets
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040‐901 Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie Lyon France
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