Metal-Organic Frameworks with Organogold(III) Complexes for Photocatalytic Amine Oxidation with Enhanced Efficiency and Selectivity

Oxidative Rearomatization of Tetrahydroisoquinolines Promoted by Pyridine-N-oxide

Isoquinolines are ubiquitous arenes found in many biologically useful molecules. While direct substitution at the heterocyclic ring is uncommon, reductive functionalization to form tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) is straightforward. Herein, we describe a facile method for producing C4-functionalized isoquinolines from a readily available parent THIQ. This high-temperature transformation utilizes pyridine-N-oxide as an oxidant generating only volatile side products and is functional-group-tolerant.

Coordination-Driven Heterochiral Self-Assembly: Construction of Cd(II) Coordination Polymers with Sorption Behaviors for Iodine and Dyes

A racemic bispyridyl ligand (L) was synthesized via a Schiff base condensation reaction. Four Cd(II) complexes, {[CdL2Cl2]·2DMF}n (1), [CdLI2]n (2), {[CdL2Br2]·4H2O}n (3), and {[CdL2(H2O)2](NO3)2·2CH3OH·8H2O}n (4), were synthesized and further characterized based on this ligand. Single-crystal structures show that the coordination-driven assembly of the bispyridyl ligand with Cd(II) salts bearing different counteranions can lead to multidimensional coordination polymers via a heterochiral self-discrimination process. Complex 1 exists as a one-dimensional (1D) looped chain polymer, and complex 2 exists as a 1D zigzag chain polymer. Complex 3 is a 2D grid coordination polymer, and complex 4 exists as a 3D framework polymer. Furthermore, the iodine sorption capacities of the four complexes were investigated in the solution of n-hexane and water as well as in the iodine steam. The dye sorption behaviors were investigated in water, which showed that complex 2 exhibited good adsorption for crystal violet (CV), while complex 4 had good adsorption capability toward direct yellow 4 (DY).

Triazole-Based Cu(I) Cationic Metal-Organic Frameworks with Lewis Basic Pyridine Sites for Selective Detection of Ce3+ Ions

A highly symmetric bis-triazole-pyridine-based organic ligand, i.e., 3,5-di(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (L), and Cu(II) salts were used to synthesize three cationic Cu(I) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), namely, {[Cu(L)]·(NO₃)·(H₂O)}_n (1), {[Cu(L)]·(BF₄)·0.5H₂O}_n (2), and {[Cu_1.25(L)]·1.25(ClO₄)·H₂O}_n (3). All three MOFs have nonbonded anions situated inside the pore spaces. Both 1 and 2 have a two-dimensional network structure, while 3 has a three-dimensional structure. All three MOFs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental (C, H, and N) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Due to the presence of a Lewis basic pyridine moiety, these MOFs could serve as luminescent probes for the selective detection of Ce³⁺ ions with excellent efficiency (10^-7 M). The synthesis of Cu(I)-based MOFs and their use to detect Ce³⁺ ions in water via a turn-on fluorescence process have rarely been reported. These MOFs are highly stable in water, are recyclable, and function efficiently at different pH values.

Incorporation of homogeneous organometallic catalysts into metal–organic frameworks for advanced heterogenization: a review

The heterogenization of homogeneous organometallic catalysts by incorporation into MOFs using different strategies, MOF selection, OMC selection, and the use of hybrid heterogeneous catalysts OMC@MOFs in catalytic applications are summarized and discussed.

Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) Applied to Photocatalytic Organic Transformations

Among the different alternatives for catalysis using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) or covalent organic frameworks (COFs), photocatalysis has remarkably evolved during the last decade. Photocatalytic reticular materials allowed recyclability and easy separation of catalyst from the product, also reaching the activity and selectivity commonly observed for molecular systems. Recently, photocatalytic MOFs and COFs have been applied to synthetic applications in order to obtain organic molecules of different complexity. However, although a good number of works have been devoted to this issue, an updated comprehensive revision on this field is still needed. The aim of this review was to fill this gap covering the following three general aspects: (1) common strategies on the design of reticular photocatalytic materials, (2) a comprehensive discussion of the photocatalytic organic reactions achieved by the use of COFs and MOFs, and (3) some critical considerations highlighting directions that should be considered in order to make advances in the study of photocatalytic COFs and MOFs.

Novel Ce(III)-Metal Organic Framework with a Luminescent Property To Fabricate an Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor

We designed a novel luminescent metal-organic framework (MOF) named Ce-TCPP-LMOF (CTM) through a simple one-pot solvothermal method. CTM was synthesized by using the emerging electrochemiluminescent (ECL) material (4,4',4″,4‴-(porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis(benzoic acid) as the organic ligand and Ce(III) as the metal node. We found that CTM not only has the remarkable ability to emit light but also has a uniform "sandwich biscuit" shape and suitable nanoscale size, which are promising for further applications. We also applied CTM to construct a novel ECL immunosensor and achieve sensitive detection of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a biomarker related to cardiovascular diseases. To further amplify the ECL signal of CTM, a novel dual-amplified signal strategy was established by inducing a polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Importantly, we first proved that the ECL signal of the CTM/S₂O₈^2- system could be enhanced by the PAMAM electric field. As the electron transfer rate was accelerated by the AuNP layer, this ECL signal was further enhanced in AuNP-modified electrodes. The ECL immunosensor showed desirable performance for PCSK9 analysis within a detection range of 50 fg mL^-1 to 10 ng mL^-1 and a low limit of detection of 19.12 ± 2.69 fg mL^-1. Real sample detection suggested that the immunosensor holds great potential for analyzing clinical serum samples.