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Patrick SC, Beer PD, Davis JJ. Solvent effects in anion recognition. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:256-276. [PMID: 38448686 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Anion recognition is pertinent to a range of environmental, medicinal and industrial applications. Recent progress in the field has relied on advances in synthetic host design to afford a broad range of potent recognition motifs and novel supramolecular structures capable of effective binding both in solution and at derived molecular films. However, performance in aqueous media remains a critical challenge. Understanding the effects of bulk and local solvent on anion recognition by host scaffolds is imperative if effective and selective detection in real-world media is to be viable. This Review seeks to provide a framework within which these effects can be considered both experimentally and theoretically. We highlight proposed models for solvation effects on anion binding and discuss approaches to retain strong anion binding in highly competitive (polar) solvents. The synthetic design principles for exploiting the aforementioned solvent effects are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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2
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Ayyar ASR, Aregawi DT, Petersen AR, Pedersen JMI, Kragh RR, Desoky MMH, Sundberg J, Vinum L, Lee JW. Carbon Dioxide-Mediated Desalination. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3499-3506. [PMID: 36731027 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional desalination membrane technologies, although offer portable drinking water, are still energy-intensive processes. This paper proposes a potentially new approach for performing water desalination and purification by utilizing the reversible interaction of carbon dioxide (CO2) with nucleophilic amines─reminiscent of the Solvay process. Based on our model studies with small molecules, CO2-responsive amphiphilic insoluble diamines were prepared, characterized, and applied in the formation of soda and ammonium chloride upon exposure to ambient CO2 (1 atm), thus removing chloride ions from model and real seawater. This ion-exchange process and separation of chloride from the aqueous phase are spontaneous in the presence of CO2 without the need for external energy sources. We demonstrate a flow system to envisage energy-efficient CO2-mediated desalination and simultaneous carbon capture and sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Sharadha-Ravi Ayyar
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Desta Tesfay Aregawi
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Allan R Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Jonas Merlin Ibsgaard Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Refsgaard Kragh
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Mohamed M H Desoky
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Jonas Sundberg
- Danish Hydrocarbon Research and Technology Centre, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 375, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Lars Vinum
- CowaTech ApS, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Ji-Woong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Nano-Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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3
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Zaleskaya-Hernik M, Megiel E, Romański J. Utilizing a polymer containing squaramide-based ion pair receptors for salt extraction. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Modulating the biofunctionality of enzyme-MOF nanobiocatalyst through structure-switching aptamer for continuous degradation of BPA. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112099. [PMID: 34536675 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulating enzyme within MOF (enzyme-MOF) gives rise to new opportunity to improve the fragility of enzyme, but practical application of enzyme-MOF composite is far from being realized. The development of a novel enzyme-MOF composite system should simultaneously guarantee the enhanced activity and controllably complete recycling, and only in this way can we efficiently and economically utilize the enzyme-MOF composite. Herein, we addressed all these fundamental limitations of current enzyme-MOF composite by establishing aptamer-functionalized enzyme-MOF composite (HRP-ZIF-8@P1). HRP-ZIF-8@P1 relied on automatic structure switch of aptamer-target binding and aptamer-cDNA (complementary DNA) hybridization, achieving effectiveness in self-enriching substrate around HRP-ZIF-8@P1 to boost enzymatic activity first, subsequently hybridizing spontaneously with magnetically controllable cDNA sequence (Fe3O4@P3) to completely recover the HRP-ZIF-8@P1, where preferentially capturing substrate could further induce the release of the hybridized HRP-ZIF-8@P1 for automatically starting the cyclic enzyme catalysis. A 5.6-fold enhancement in the catalytic efficiency for BPA degradation was endowed, and 94.7% catalytic activity was retained for 8 consecutive degradations of BPA, both of which were even more significant than HRP-ZIF-8. Additionally, remarkable stability of HRP-ZIF-8@P1 was afforded by dual-layer protection of ZIF-8 and P1 in denaturing conditions. Taking the possibility of discovering an aptamer for any target into account, the aptamer-functionalized enzyme-MOF composites provide a generic and simple guide for simultaneously boosting enzymatic activity and controllably full recycling the enzyme-MOF systems, accelerating their commercial utilizations.
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Wang X, Xie L, Lin K, Ma W, Zhao T, Ji X, Alyami M, Khashab NM, Wang H, Sessler JL. Calix[4]pyrrole‐Crosslinked Porous Polymeric Networks for the Removal of Micropollutants from Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7188-7196. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Linhuang Xie
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Kunhua Lin
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Weibin Ma
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E. 24th Street A5300 Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Xiaofan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Mram Alyami
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E. 24th Street A5300 Austin TX 78712 USA
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6
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Wang X, Xie L, Lin K, Ma W, Zhao T, Ji X, Alyami M, Khashab NM, Wang H, Sessler JL. Calix[4]pyrrole‐Crosslinked Porous Polymeric Networks for the Removal of Micropollutants from Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Linhuang Xie
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Kunhua Lin
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Weibin Ma
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E. 24th Street A5300 Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Xiaofan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Mram Alyami
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry College of Science, and Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E. 24th Street A5300 Austin TX 78712 USA
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Yang J, Liu X, Tang J, Dėdinaitė A, Liu J, Miao R, Liu K, Peng J, Claesson PM, Liu X, Fang Y. Robust and Large-Area Calix[4]pyrrole-Based Nanofilms Enabled by Air/DMSO Interfacial Self-Assembly-Confined Synthesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3336-3348. [PMID: 33356087 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The modular construction of defect-free nanofilms with a large area remains a challenge. Herein, we present a scalable strategy for the preparation of calix[4]pyrrole (C[4]P)-based nanofilms through acryl hydrazone reaction conducted in a tetrahydrazide calix[4]pyrrole (CPTH)-based self-assembled layer at the air/DMSO interface. With this strategy, robust, regenerable, and defect-free nanofilms with an exceptionally large area (∼750 cm2) were constructed. The thickness and permeability of the film systems can be fine-tuned by varying the precursor concentration or by changing another building block. A typical nanofilm (C[4]P-TFB, ∼67 nm) depicted high water flux (39.9 L m-2 h-1 under 1 M Na2SO4), narrow molecular weight cut-off value (∼200 Da), and promising antifouling properties in the forward osmosis (FO) process. In addition, the nanofilms are stable over a wide pH range and tolerable to different organic solvents. Interestingly, the introduction of C[4]P endowed the nanofilms with both outstanding mechanical properties and unique group-selective separation capability, laying the foundation for wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xiangquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Andra Dėdinaitė
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Bioscience and Materials, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Rong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Junxia Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Per Martin Claesson
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Bioscience and Materials, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
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8
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Zhang G, Hua B, Dey A, Ghosh M, Moosa BA, Khashab NM. Intrinsically Porous Molecular Materials (IPMs) for Natural Gas and Benzene Derivatives Separations. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:155-168. [PMID: 33332097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusSeparating and purifying chemicals without heat would go a long way toward reducing the overall energy consumption and the harmful environmental footprint of the process. Molecular separation processes are critical for the production of raw materials, commodity chemicals, and specialty fuels. Over 50% of the energy used in the production of these materials is spent on separation and purification processes, which primarily includes vacuum and cryogenic distillations. Chemical manufacturers are now investigating modest thermal approaches, such as membranes and adsorbent materials, as they are more cognizant than ever of the need to save energy and prevent pollution. Porous materials, such as zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have dominated the field of industrial separations as their high surface areas and robust pores make them ideal candidates for molecular separations of gases and hydrocarbons. Separation processes involving porous materials can save 70%-90% of energy costs compared to that of thermally driven distillations. However, most porous materials have low thermal, chemical, and moisture stability, in addition to limited solution processability, which tremendously constrain their broad industrial translation. Intrinsically porous molecular materials (IPMs) are a subclass of porous molecular materials that are comprised of molecular host macrocycles or cages that absorb guests in or around their intrinsic cavity. IPMs range from discrete porous molecules to assemblies with amorphous or highly crystalline structures that are held together by weak supramolecular interactions. Compared to the coordination or dynamic covalent bond-constructed porous frameworks, IPMs possess high thermal, chemical, and moisture stability and maintain their porosity under critical conditions. Moreover, the intrinsic porosity endows IPMs with excellent host-guest properties in solid, liquid (organic or aqueous), and gas states, which can be further utilized to construct diverse separation strategies, such as solid-gas adsorption, solid-liquid absorption, and liquid-liquid extraction. The diversity of host-guest interactions in the engineered IPMs affords a plethora of possibilities for the development of the ideal "molecular sieves". Herein, we present a different take on the applicability of intrinsically porous materials such as cyclodextrin (CD), cucurbiturils (CB), pillararene (P), trianglamines (T), and porous organic cages (POCs) that showed an impressive performance in gas purification and benzene derivatives separation. IPMs can be easily scaled up and are quite stable and solution processable that consequently facilitates a favorable technological transformation from the traditional energy-intensive separations. We will account for the main advances in molecular host-guest chemistry to design "on-demand" separation processes and also outline future challenges and opportunities for this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengwu Zhang
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bin Hua
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Avishek Dey
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munmun Ghosh
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem A. Moosa
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Ong WSY, Smaldone RA, Dodani SC. A neutral porous organic polymer host for the recognition of anionic dyes in water. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7716-7721. [PMID: 34094147 PMCID: PMC8159435 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02941f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral hosts for the recognition of anionic guests in water remain underdeveloped due to the inherent thermodynamic barrier for desolvation. To address this challenge, we have repurposed crosslinked porous organic polymers (POPs) as hosts. This polymer architecture affords a hydrophobic environment with a densely packed array of urea hydrogen bond donors to cooperatively promote anion desolvation and recognition in water. Using the principles of supramolecular design, we demonstrate through adsorption assays that the resulting Urea-POP-1 can recognize structurally different dyes containing phosphonate, sulfonate, and carboxylate anions in water. Moreover, when compared to Methyl-POP-1, a control POP lacking hydrogen bond donors, we find that the driving force for desolvation and adsorption of each dye is achieved through hydrophobic interactions with the POP backbone and, more importantly, cooperative hydrogen bonding interactions with the urea sidechains. This starting point sets the stage to exploit the modularity of our design to build a family of neutral polymer hosts with tunable pore sizes and anion preferences for fundamental investigations and targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Y Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Ronald A Smaldone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Sheel C Dodani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
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10
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Chahal MK, Labuta J, Březina V, Karr PA, Matsushita Y, Webre WA, Payne DT, Ariga K, D'Souza F, Hill JP. Knock-on synthesis of tritopic calix[4]pyrrole host for enhanced anion interactions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15583-15596. [PMID: 31353382 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02365h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of anionic guests with a tritopic peripherally functionalized conjugated calix[4]pyrrole host (1) prepared using a regioselective synthetic method is reported. The regioselectivity of synthesis relies on selective N-alkylation of the calix[4]pyrrole caused by peripheral substitution of one pyrrole group with subsequent N-alkylation at the opposing pyrrole group termed by us 'knock-on' regioselectivity. The resulting host molecule exhibits anion interactions with common chloride and nitrate anions enhanced by an order of magnitude over the parent conjugated calix[4]pyrrole. Combined analysis of 1H NMR and UV-vis spectroscopic titration data enabled an evaluation of binding strengths of anions with the host KA in a binding model where the salt dissociation process is also incorporated in the form of its dissociation constant Kd. Anions could be classified as two types based on their interactions with 1: Type A anions (chloride, nitrate, perchlorate, hydrogensulphate) associate as 1 : 1 complexes through hydrogen bonding while interactions involving Type B anions (acetate, fluoride, dihydrogenphosphate) are complicated by host deprotonation and/or countercation association. Hosts based on rim-functionalized calix[4]pyrroles such as 1 represent a promising new family of chromophores for estimation of biologically relevant anions or other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep K Chahal
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Jan Labuta
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Václav Březina
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Paul A Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska 68787, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Whitney A Webre
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 305070 Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Daniel T Payne
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 305070 Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
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Ji X, Chi X, Ahmed M, Long L, Sessler JL. Soft Materials Constructed Using Calix[4]pyrrole- and "Texas-Sized" Box-Based Anion Receptors. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1915-1927. [PMID: 31184471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Soft materials have received considerable attention from supramolecular chemists and material scientists alike. This interest reflects the advantages provided by their soft, flexible nature and the convenience of the molecular self-assembly that underlies their preparation. Common soft supramolecular materials include polymeric gels, supramolecular polymers, nanoaggregates, and membranes. Polymeric gels are solidlike networks of cross-linked polymer chains. Supramolecular polymers contain repeat units connected through reversible non-covalent bonds. Nanoaggregates are formed as a result of hydrophobic interactions involving amphiphilic building blocks. Because of the presence of non-covalent interactions, supramolecular soft materials typically display stimuli-responsive or adaptive features. Various macrocyclic hosts, such as cyclodextrins, crown ethers, calixarenes, cucurbiturils, and pillararenes, and many classic non-covalent interactions have been harnessed to construct supramolecular soft materials. Only recently has anion binding been used as the underlying recognition motif. Anions are ubiquitous in the natural world. Their importance has inspired efforts to achieve good anion binding and to exploit anion recognition in a number of fields, including extraction, transport, sensing, and catalysis. Most of this effort has involved the use of stand-alone anion receptors. On the other hand, soft materials with anion recognition features could lead to new macromolecular systems of interest in the context of many application areas. In this Account, we summarize the latest efforts from our laboratory to prepare supramolecular soft materials, including polymeric gels, supramolecular polymers, and nanoaggregates, with bona fide anion recognition features. Two anion receptor systems, namely, calix[4]pyrroles (C4Ps) and a tetraimidazolium macrocycle known as the "Texas-sized" molecular box (TxSB), have been used for this purpose. To date, TxSB-based hydrogels have been utilized to capture anions from water and for coded information applications; C4P-based organic polymeric gels have been used to extract dianions from aqueous source phases and for the on-site detection of chloride anions. Polymers containing C4P and TxSB anion recognition subunits typically display responsive features and can be modified through application of appropriately chosen external stimuli. For instance, nanoaggregates may be formed as a result of the hydrophobic interactions of C4P- and TxSB-based amphiphiles. The resulting aggregates were found to mimic the structural evolution of organelles and could be used as effective anion and ion pair extractants. This Account summarizes progress to date while underscoring potential opportunities associated with combining anion recognition and soft materials chemistry. The hope is to stimulate further advances in broad areas, including polymer science, supramolecular chemistry, biology, materials research, and information storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Ji
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiaodong Chi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Mehroz Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Lingliang Long
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Institute for Supramolecular and Catalytic Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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12
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Kam HC, Ranathunga DTS, Payne ER, Smaldone RA, Nielsen SO, Dodani SC. Spectroscopic characterization and in silico modelling of polyvinylpyrrolidone as an anion-responsive fluorescent polymer in aqueous media. Supramol Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2019.1630740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiu C. Kam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Dineli T. S. Ranathunga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Ethan R. Payne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Ronald A. Smaldone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Steven O. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Sheel C. Dodani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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