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Zhao XX, Fujimori S, Kelly JA, Inoue S. Isolation and Reactivity of Stannylenoids Stabilized by Amido/Imino Ligands. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202712. [PMID: 36195558 PMCID: PMC10098732 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the lithium aryl(silyl)amide Dipp(i Pr3 Si)NLi (Dipp=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 ) with one equivalent of SnCl2 in THF gave a novel stannylenoid Dipp(i Pr3 Si)NSnCl⋅LiCl(THF)2 . Heating the solution of amidostannylenoid in toluene to 80 °C resulted in dimeric amido(chloro)stannylene [Dipp(i Pr3 Si)NSnCl]2 , which can be converted to bis(amido)stannylene Sn[N(Dipp)(i Pr3 Si)]2 and amido(imino)stannylene Sn[N(Dipp)(i Pr3 Si)][IPrN] (IPrN=bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-imino). Treatment of bis(imino)stannylenoid [IPrN]2 Sn(Cl)Li with N2 O resulted in the dimeric complex [IPrNSn(Cl)OLi]2 . All compounds were characterized by NMR, elementary analysis, and X-ray structural determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Xuan Zhao
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Shiori Fujimori
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - John A Kelly
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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2
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Cao Q, Wang P, Cai Y, Hua Y, Zheng S, Cheng X, HE G, Wen TB, Chen J. Synthesis and Characterization of Rhena[10]annulynes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00463a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the reported metallacycles were limited to small cyclic complexes that contain six-membered or smaller rings. Larger-membered metallacycles are still rare and mainly focus on the dimetallacycles. Herein, we...
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Liu L, Chen H, Yang Z, Wei J, Xi Z. C,C- and C,N-Chelated Organocopper Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195806. [PMID: 34641351 PMCID: PMC8510249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed and organocopper-involved reactions are of great significance in organic synthesis. To have a deep understanding of the reaction mechanisms, the structural characterizations of organocopper intermediates become indispensable. Meanwhile, the structure-function relationship of organocopper compounds could advance the rational design and development of new Cu-based reactions and organocopper reagents. Compared to the mono-carbonic ligand, the C,N- and C,C-bidentate ligands better stabilize unstable organocopper compounds. Bidentate ligands can chelate to the same copper atom via η2-mode, forming a mono-cupra-cyclic compounds with at least one acute C-Cu-C angle. When the bidentate ligands bind to two copper atoms via η1-mode at each coordinating site, the bimetallic macrocyclic compounds will form nearly linear C-Cu-C angles. The anionic coordinating sites of the bidentate ligand can also bridge two metals via μ2-mode, forming organocopper aggregates with Cu-Cu interactions and organocuprates with contact ion pair structures. The reaction chemistry of some selected organocopper compounds is highlighted, showing their unique structure-reactivity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Hui Chen
- Henan Institute of Chemistry Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhenqiang Yang
- Henan Institute of Chemistry Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Z.X.)
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Ota K, Kinjo R. Heavier element-containing aromatics of [4 n+2]-electron systems. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10594-10673. [PMID: 34369490 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01354d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While the implication of the aromaticity concept has been dramatically expanded to date since its emergence in 1865, the classical [4n+2]/4n-electron counting protocol still plays an essential role in evaluating the aromatic nature of compounds. Over the last few decades, a variety of heavier heterocycles featuring the formal [4n+2] π-electron arrangements have been developed, which allows for assessing their aromatic nature. In this review, we present recent developments of the [4n+2]-electron systems of heavier heterocycles involving group 13-15 elements. The synthesis, spectroscopic data, structural parameters, computational data, and reactivity are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ota
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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Zhang Y, Yu C, Huang Z, Zhang WX, Ye S, Wei J, Xi Z. Metalla-aromatics: Planar, Nonplanar, and Spiro. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2323-2333. [PMID: 33849276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusThe concept of aromaticity is one of the most fundamental principles in chemistry. It is generally accepted that planarity is a prerequisite for aromaticity, and typically the more planar the geometry of an aromatic compound is, the stronger aromatic it is. However, it is not always the case, particularly when transition metals are involved in conjugation and electron delocalization of aromatic systems, i.e., metalla-aromatics. Because of the intrinsic nature of transition-metal orbitals, besides planar geometries, the most stable molecular structures of metalla-aromatic compounds could take nonplanar and even spiro geometries. In this Account, we outline several unprecedented types of metalla-aromatics developed recently in our research group.Around seven years ago, we found that 1,4-dilithio-1,3-butadienes, dilithio reagents with π-conjugation, could function as non-innocent ligands and react with low-valent transition-metal complexes, generating monocyclic metalla-aromatic compounds. Later on, by taking advantage of the unique behavior of dilithio reagents and the intrinsic nature of different transition metals, we have synthesized a series of metalla-aromatic compounds, of which four types are discussed here, and each of them represents the first of its kind. First, nearly planar aromatic dicupra[10]annulenes, a 10 π-electron aromatic system with two bridging Cu atoms participating in the orbital conjugation and electron delocalization, are synthesized by annulating two dilithio reagents with two Cu(I) complexes.Second, four kinds of spiro metalla-aromatics, featuring planar (with Pd, Pt, or Rh as the spiro atom) geometry with a whole 10π aromatic system, octahedral (tris-spiro metalla-aromatics with V as the spiro atom) geometry with an entire 40π Craig-Möbius aromatic system, tetrahedral (with Mn as the spiro atom) geometry having two independent and perpendicular 6π planar aromatic rings, and tetrahedral (with Mn as the spiro atom) geometry with one planar and one nonplanar 6π aromatic rings, respectively, are generated. In sharp contrast to spiroaromaticity with carbon acting as the spiro atom described in Organic Chemistry, the metal spiro atom herein takes part in orbital conjugation and electron delocalization.Third, nonplanar aromatic butadienyl diiron complexes are realized. Different from planar aromatic systems featuring delocalized π-type overlap, this nonplanar metalla-aromaticity is achieved by the novel σ-type overlap between the two Fe 3dxz orbitals and the butadienyl π orbital, forming a 6π aromatic system. Fourth, dinickelaferrocene, a ferrocene analogue with two aromatic nickeloles, is synthesized from our monocyclic aromatic dilithionickelole and FeBr2. The aromaticity of dinickelaferrocene and its nickelole ligands is realized by electron back-donation from the Fe 3d orbital to the π* orbital of nickeloles, which also deepens our understanding of the origin of aromaticity.The search for unprecedented and exciting aromatic systems, particularly with transition metals being involved, will continue to drive this intriguing research field forward. Given the synthetic strategies and various types of metalla-aromatics developed and described, diversified metalla-aromatics of interesting structures and reaction chemistry, novel chemical bonding modes, and useful functions can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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6
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Unveiling the influence of solvent polarity on structural, electronic properties, and 31P NMR parameters of rhenabenzyne complex. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Daneshdoost V, Ghiasi R, Marjani A. INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF THE EXTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD ON OSMABENZYNE IN THE GROUND (S0) AND FIRST EXCITED SINGLET (S1) STATES: INSIGHT INTO STRUCTURES, ENERGY, AND PROPERTIES. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476620110037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Parsa P, Ghiasi R, Marjani A. Quantum‐chemical investigation of the phosphine ligand effects on the structure and electronic properties of a rhenabenzyne complex. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Parsa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch Islamic Azad University Arak Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasi
- Department of Chemistry, East Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Marjani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch Islamic Azad University Arak Iran
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9
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Vahid Daneshdoost, Ghiasi R, Marjani A. Analysis of Bonding Properties of Osmabenzyne in the Ground State (S0) and Excited Singlet (S1) State: A Quantum-Chemical Calculation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024420120080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Since the prediction of the existence of metallabenzenes in 1979, metallaaromatic chemistry has developed rapidly, due to its importance in both experimental and theoretical fields. Now six major types of metallaromatic compounds, metallabenzenes, metallabenzynes, heterometallaaromatics, dianion metalloles, metallapentalenes and metallapentalynes (also termed carbolongs), and spiro metalloles, have been reported and extensively studied. Their parent organic analogues may be aromatic, non-aromatic, or even anti-aromatic. These unique systems not only enrich the large family of aromatics, but they also broaden our understanding and extend the concept of aromaticity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of metallaaromatic chemistry. We have focused on not only the six major classes of metallaaromatics, including the main-group-metal-based metallaaromatics, but also other types, such as metallacyclobutadienes and metallacyclopropenes. The structures, synthetic methods, and reactivities are described, their applications are covered, and the challenges and future prospects of the area are discussed. The criteria commonly used to judge the aromaticity of metallaaromatics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafa Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Xia
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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11
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Heitkemper T, Naß L, Sindlinger CP. 2,5-Bis-trimethylsilyl substituted boroles. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2706-2714. [PMID: 32049092 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00393j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript includes a comprehensive study of the synthesis and spectroscopic features of 2,5-disilyl boroles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonard Naß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
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12
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Luo M, Deng Z, Ruan Y, Cai Y, Zhuo K, Zhang H, Xia H. Reactions of Metallacyclopentadiene with Terminal Alkynes: Isolation and Characterization of Metallafulvenallene Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhihong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yonghong Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yapeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
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13
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Lin J, Ding L, Zhuo Q, Zhang H, Xia H. Formal [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of a Metal–Carbyne Complex with Nitriles: Synthesis of a Metallapyrazine Complex. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Linting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qingde Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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