1
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Wacker J, Lynch JR, Banerjee S, Macdonald PA, Kennedy AR, Sarkar B, Mulvey RE. Isolable rubidium and caesium derivatives of common organic carbonyl compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:91-94. [PMID: 38019118 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05527b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Light alkali metal (Li, Na, K) amides have a long history of synthetic utility, but heavier (Rb, Cs) congeners have barely been studied. This study reveals remarkable structurally complex outcomes of reacting AM(HMDS) (AM = Rb, Cs; HMDS = hexamethyldisilazide) with benzaldehyde and acetophenone. Though complicated, reactions give a diversity of eye-catching isolated products, an enolate with a hexagonal prismatic network, two dienolates with distinct extended ladder motifs, and two β-imino-alkoxides comprising zig-zag chains of metal-oxygen bonds in infinite cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakoba Wacker
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Jennifer R Lynch
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Sumanta Banerjee
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Peter A Macdonald
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Robert E Mulvey
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
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2
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Shigeno M, Kajima A, Toyama E, Korenaga T, Yamakoshi H, Nozawa-Kumada K, Kondo Y. LiHMDS-Mediated Deprotonative Coupling of Toluenes with Ketones. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203549. [PMID: 36479733 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS) acts as an effective base for deprotonative coupling reactions of toluenes with ketones to afford stilbenes. Various functionalities (halogen, OCF3 , amide, Me, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, SMe, and SPh) are allowed on the toluenes. Notably, this system proved successful with low-reactive toluenes bearing a large pKa value compared to that of the conjugate acid of LiHMDS (hexamethyldisilazane, 25.8, THF), as demonstrated by 4-phenyltoluene (38.57, THF) and toluene itself (∼43, DMSO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Akihisa Kajima
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Eito Toyama
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Korenaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan.,Soft-Path Science and Engineering Research Center (SPERC), Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamakoshi
- Central Analytical Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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3
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Tao XW, Yi LN, Huang MY, Fu Y, Yang Q. Direct C(sp 3)-H Polyfluoroarylation: Access to Polyfluoroaryl Amino Acids via Rh-Catalyzed Selective C-F Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14476-14486. [PMID: 36226632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic selective C-F bond alkylation method for polyfluoroarene with glycinates and derivatives in the presence of a DavePhos-ligated Rh catalyst was developed. This method avoids the preactivation of alkylating reagents and provides an efficient and straightforward route to synthesize a series of polyfluoroaryl amino acids via C(sp3)-H functionalization. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions and exhibits high reactivity and excellent chemoselectivities. Meanwhile, the synthetic potential of this method was demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis, and further transformations proved the application value of the products as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Wen Tao
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li-Na Yi
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng-Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yun Fu
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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4
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Shigeno M, Hayashi K, Korenaga T, Nozawa-Kumada K, Kondo Y. Organic superbase t-Bu-P4-catalyzed demethylations of methoxyarenes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00483f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The organic superbase t-Bu-P4 catalyzes the demethylation reactions of methoxyarenes in the presence of alkanethiol and hexamethyldisilazane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hayashi
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Korenaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
- Soft-Path Science and Engineering Research Center (SPERC), Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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5
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Abstract
AbstractThe unique properties of fluorine-containing organic compounds make fluorine substitution attractive for the development of pharmaceuticals and various specialty materials, which have inspired the evolution of diverse C-F bond activation techniques. Although many advances have been made in functionalizations of activated C-F bonds utilizing transition metal complexes, there are fewer approaches available for nonactivated C-F bonds due to the difficulty in oxidative addition of transition metals to the inert C-F bonds. In this regard, using Lewis acid to abstract the fluoride and light/radical initiator to generate the radical intermediate have emerged as powerful tools for activating those inert C-F bonds. Meanwhile, these transition-metal-free processes are greener, economical, and for the pharmaceutical industry, without heavy metal residues. This review provides an overview of recent C-F bond activations and functionalizations under transition-metal-free conditions. The key mechanisms involved are demonstrated and discussed in detail. Finally, a brief discussion on the existing limitations of this field and our perspective are presented.
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Shigeno M, Kajima A, Nakaji K, Nozawa-Kumada K, Kondo Y. Catalytic amide base system generated in situ for 1,3-diene formation from allylbenzenes and carbonyls. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:983-987. [PMID: 33146220 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The amide base generated in situ from tetramethylammonium fluoride and N(TMS)3 catalyzes the synthesis of 1,3-diene from an allylbenzene and carbonyl compound. The system is applicable to the transformations of a variety of allylbenzenes with functional groups (halogen, methyl, phenyl, methoxy, dimethylamino, ester, and amide moieties). Acyclic and cyclic diaryl ketones, pivalophenone, pivalaldehyde, and isobutyrophenone are used as coupling partners. The role of transβ-methyl stilbenes in product formation is also elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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Shigeno M, Kondo Y, Sasaki K, Hanasaka K, Tohara I, Nozawa-Kumada K. Combined Brønsted-Base-Mediated Direct C-H Carboxylation of Heteroarenes with CO2. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-20-sr(k)6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Chen J, Zhang X, Wu J, Wang R, Lei C, An Y. Facile one-pot synthesis of diarylacetylenes from arylaldehydes via an addition-double elimination process. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4701-4705. [PMID: 33988213 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00627d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A practical one-pot protocol has been developed to synthesize diarylacetylenes from arylaldehydes by treatment with 1-(arylmethyl)benzotriazoles and LiN(SiMe3)2. The reaction proceeded through imine formation, Mannich-type addition and double elimination to deliver products in up to 99% yields with broad substrate scope. In addition, gram-scale synthesis of 1-bromo-4-(phenylethynyl)benzene has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China.
| | - Chunlin Lei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China.
| | - Yanan An
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China
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Shigeno M, Hayashi K, Nozawa-Kumada K, Kondo Y. Catalytic C(sp 2)-C(sp 3) Bond Formation of Methoxyarenes by the Organic Superbase t-Bu-P4. Org Lett 2020; 22:9107-9113. [PMID: 33175552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The organic superbase catalyst t-Bu-P4 achieves nucleophilic aromatic substitution of methoxyarenes with alkanenitrile pronucleophiles. A variety of functional groups [cyano, nitro, (non)enolizable ketone, chloride, and amide moieties] are allowed on methoxyarenes. Moreover, an array of alkanenitriles with/without an aryl moiety at the nitrile α-position can be employed. The system also features no requirement of a stoichiometric base, MeOH (not salt waste) formation as a byproduct, and the production of congested quaternary carbon centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hayashi
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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Shigeno M, Tohara I, Nozawa-Kumada K, Kondo Y. Direct C-2 Carboxylation of 3-Substituted Indoles Using a Combined Brønsted Base Consisting of LiO- t
Bu/CsF/18-crown-6. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Itsuki Tohara
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
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11
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Shigeno M, Nakaji K, Kajima A, Nozawa-Kumada K, Kondo Y. Deprotonative Coupling of Pyridines with Aldehydes Catalyzed by an HMDS-Amide Base Generated in Situ. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1179-1182. [PMID: 31685747 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the deprotonative functionalization of pyridine derivatives with aldehydes under ambient conditions has been demonstrated using an amide base generated in situ from a catalytic amount of CsF and a stoichiometric amount of tris(trimethylsilyl)amine (N(TMS)3). Pyridine substrates bearing two electron-withdrawing substituents (i.e., fluoro, chloro, bromo, and trifluoromethyl moieties) at the 3- and 5-positions efficiently react at the 4-position with various aldehydes including arylaldehydes, pivalaldehyde, and cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Kunihito Nakaji
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Akihisa Kajima
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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