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Smirnova O, Sajzew R, Finkelmeyer SJ, Asadov T, Chattopadhyay S, Wieduwilt T, Reupert A, Presselt M, Knebel A, Wondraczek L. Micro-optical elements from optical-quality ZIF-62 hybrid glasses by hot imprinting. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5079. [PMID: 38871703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Hybrid glasses derived from meltable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) promise to combine the intriguing properties of MOFs with the universal processing ability of glasses. However, the shaping of hybrid glasses in their liquid state - in analogy to conventional glass processing - has been elusive thus far. Here, we present optical-quality glasses derived from the zeolitic imidazole framework ZIF-62 in the form of cm-scale objects. These allow for in-depth studies of optical transparency and refraction across the ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral range. Fundamental viscosity data are reported using a ball penetration technique, and subsequently employed to demonstrate the fabrication of micro-optical devices by thermal imprinting. Using 3D-printed fused silica templates, we show that concave as well as convex lens structures can be obtained at high precision by remelting the glass without trading-off on material quality. This enables multifunctional micro-optical devices combining the gas uptake and permeation ability of MOFs with the optical functionality of glass. As an example, we demonstrate the reversible change of optical refraction upon the incorporation of volatile guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Smirnova
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany
| | - Roman Sajzew
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Teymur Asadov
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany
| | - Sayan Chattopadhyay
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Wieduwilt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena, Germany
| | - Aaron Reupert
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Jena, Germany
- SciClus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Knebel
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Lothar Wondraczek
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Fraunhoferstr. 6, Jena, Germany.
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Jena, Germany.
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2
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Graewe L, Hupfer ML, Schulz M, Mahammed A, Gross Z, Presselt M. Supramolecular Control of Photonic Response and Sensing of Nitricoxide using Iron(III) Corrole Monolayers and Their Stacks. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200260. [PMID: 36623940 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we assemble amphiphilic iron(III) corroles at air-water interfaces into well-defined quasi-two-dimensional molecular monolayers and theirs stacks for sensing of nitric oxide (NO). For this purpose, we use the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, which allows varying the packing density of iron(III) corroles anchored to the aqueous subphase via one molecular side. The stacks of ten down to three molecular monolayers on the front and back sides of the substrates are sufficiently optically dense to detect NO binding to the layers photometrically. This sensing with few layers demonstrates the potential for electronic detection, where very thin surface functionalizations enable efficient electronic communication between the layer and the (semi)conductor. Despite increasing optical densities, the spectral responses to NO exposure become smaller with increasing packing density until the collapse point of the monolayers is reached. This demonstrates that the highest molecular efficiency for binding and detection of NO is achieved at the smallest packing densities. This finding is relevant to all molecular sensor films with axial binding of analytes to the sensor molecules and demonstrates the advantage of sensor molecule assembly into monolayers on water-air interfaces using the LB technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Graewe
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Maximilian L Hupfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Schulz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Atif Mahammed
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,SciClus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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3
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Hupfer ML, Dellith J, Seyring M, Diegel M, Dellith A, Ghosh S, Rettenmayr M, Dietzek-Ivanšić B, Presselt M. Bifacial Dye Membranes: Ultrathin and Free-Standing although not Being Covalently Bound. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204874. [PMID: 36300596 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Layers of aligned dyes are key to photo-driven charge separation in dye sensitized solar cells, but cannot be exploited as rectifying membranes in photocatalysis to separate half-cells because they are not sufficiently stable. While impressive work on the fabrication of stable noncovalent membranes has been recently demonstrated, these membranes are inherently suffering from non-uniform orientation of the constituting dyes. To stabilize layers made from uniformly assembled and aligned dyes, they can be covalently cross-linked via functional groups or via chromophores at the expense of their optical properties. Here stable membranes from established dyes are reported that do not need to be elaborately functionalized nor do their chromophores need to be destroyed. These membranes are free-standing, although being only non-covalently linked. To enable uniform dye-alignment, Langmuir layers made from linear, water-insoluble dyes are used. That water-soluble charge transfer dyes adsorb onto and intercalate into the Langmuir layer from the aqueous subphase, thus yielding free-standing, molecularly thin membranes are demonstrated. The developed bifacial layers consist almost entirely of π-conjugated units and thus can conduct charges and can be further engineered for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian L Hupfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jan Dellith
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Seyring
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Diegel
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Dellith
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Soumik Ghosh
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Rettenmayr
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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4
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Küllmer M, Herrmann‐Westendorf F, Endres P, Götz S, Reza Rasouli H, Najafidehaghani E, Neumann C, Gläßner R, Kaiser D, Weimann T, Winter A, Schubert US, Dietzek‐Ivanšić B, Turchanin A. Two‐Dimensional Photosensitizer Nanosheets via Low‐Energy Electron Beam Induced Cross‐Linking of Self‐Assembled Ru
II
Polypyridine Monolayers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204953. [PMID: 35416399 PMCID: PMC9401006 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis for hydrogen production is an important element in the search for green energy sources. The incorporation of photoactive units into mechanically stable 2D materials paves the way toward the realization of ultrathin membranes as mimics for leaves. Here we present and compare two concepts to introduce a photoactive RuII polypyridine complex into ≈1 nm thick carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) generated by low‐energy electron irradiation induced cross‐linking of aromatic self‐assembled monolayers. The photoactive units are either directly incorporated into the CNM scaffold or covalently grafted to its surface. We characterize RuII CNMs using X‐ray photoelectron, surface‐enhanced Raman, photothermal deflection spectroscopy, atomic force, scanning electron microscopy, and study their photoactivity in graphene field‐effect devices. Therewith, we explore the applicability of low‐energy electron irradiation of metal complexes for photosensitizer nanosheet formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Küllmer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Felix Herrmann‐Westendorf
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e. V. (IPHT) Research Department Functional Interfaces 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Patrick Endres
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Stefan Götz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Hamid Reza Rasouli
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Emad Najafidehaghani
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christof Neumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Rebecka Gläßner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - David Kaiser
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Weimann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) 38116 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Andreas Winter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek‐Ivanšić
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e. V. (IPHT) Research Department Functional Interfaces 07745 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
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5
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Küllmer M, Herrmann-Westendorf F, Endres P, Götz S, Rasouli HR, Najafidehaghani E, Neumann C, Gläßner R, Kaiser D, Weimann T, Winter A, Schubert US, Dietzek B, Turchanin A. Two‐Dimensional Photosensitizer Nanosheets via Low‐Energy Electron Beam Induced Cross‐Linking of Self‐Assembled Ru(II) Polypyridine Monolayers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Küllmer
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Felix Herrmann-Westendorf
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Patrick Endres
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Stefan Götz
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Hamid Reza Rasouli
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Emad Najafidehaghani
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Christof Neumann
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Rebecka Gläßner
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - David Kaiser
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Thomas Weimann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Abt. 2 Elektrizität GERMANY
| | - Andreas Winter
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry Lessingstr. 10 D-07743 Jena GERMANY
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6
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Hupfer ML, Blaschke D, Schmidt H, Presselt M. Embedding an Amphiphilic 4-Hydroxy Thiazole Dye in Langmuir Matrices: Studying Miscibilities with Arylic and Alkylic Matrix Amphiphiles via Langmuir Isotherms and Photo-induced Force Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13255-13264. [PMID: 34726417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present here a fundamental study on the miscibility between a prototype amphiphilic dye and alkylic and arylic Langmuir monolayers. Embedding dyes in such matrices is crucial for utilizing dyes in any photo-energy conversion process if the involved dyes form aggregates that provide thermal deactivation channels. Because miscibility in Langmuir matrices depends on the blending ratio between the dye and matrix and on the Langmuir film density, as characterized via the surface pressure and the mean molecular area, we employ Langmuir miscibility studies to identify ideal miscibility parameters for each matrix. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) results support miscibility between the dye and both matrix materials at low surface pressures, where smooth and homogeneous films are obtained. AFM and photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM) reveal phase separation if the Langmuir monolayers are deposited at surface pressures above 8 mN/m at which reorientation of the chromophores has been reported. The nanoscale chemical fingerprint mapping enabled by PiFM enables assigning segregated spots to small stearic acid (SA)-enriched domains that have not been detected via AFM, thus demonstrating the value of the IR-spectroscopic contrast provided by PiFM. In this work, we have presented a so far unexploited matrix material (terphenylene carboxylic acid; TPCA) and found it equally suitable for embedding dyes as the standard amphiphile SA. In contrast to SA, TPCA is composed of rigid and electrically conducting π-electron systems, hence, being predestined for aligning dyes in Langmuir matrices and for application in optoelectronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian L Hupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Blaschke
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Heidemarie Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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7
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Hupfer ML, Meyer R, Deckert-Gaudig T, Ghosh S, Skabeev A, Peneva K, Deckert V, Dietzek B, Presselt M. Supramolecular Reorientation During Deposition Onto Metal Surfaces of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Langmuir Monolayers Composed of Bifunctional Amphiphilic, Twisted Perylenes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11018-11026. [PMID: 34506143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular dye structures, which are often ruled by π-π interactions between planar chromophores, crucially determine the optoelectronic properties of layers and interfaces. Here, we present the interfacial assembly of perylene monoanhydride and monoimide that do not feature a planar chromophore but contain chlorine substituents in the bay positions to yield twisted chromophores and hence modified π-stacking. The assembly of the twisted perylene monoanhydride and monoimide is driven by their amphiphilicity that ensures proper Langmuir layer formation. The shielding of the hydrophilic segment upon attaching an alkyl chain to the imide moiety yielded a more rigid Langmuir layer, even though the degrees of freedom were increased due to this modification. For the characterization of the Langmuir layer's supramolecular structure, the layers were deposited onto glass, silver, and gold substrates via Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) and Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) techniques and were investigated with atomic force microscopy and surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS). From the similarity between all SERR spectra of the LS and LB layers, we concluded that the perylenes have changed their orientation upon LB deposition to bind to the silver surface of the SERRS substrate via sulfur atoms. In the Langmuir layer, the perylenes, which are π-stacked with half of the twisted chromophores, must already be inclined and cannot achieve full parallel alignment because of the twisting-induced steric hindrance. However, upon rotation, the energetically most favorable antiparallel aligned structures can be formed and bind to the SERRS substrate. Thus, we present, to the best of our knowledge, the first fabrication of quasi-two-dimensional films from twisted amphiphilic perylene monoimides and their reassembly during LB deposition. The relation between the molecular structure, supramolecular interfacial assembly, and its adoption during adsorption revealed here is crucial for the fabrication of defined functionalizations of metal surfaces, which is key to the development of organic (opto)electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian L Hupfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Meyer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Deckert-Gaudig
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Soumik Ghosh
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Artem Skabeev
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kalina Peneva
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, United States
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745 Jena, Germany
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8
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Hupfer ML, Herrmann-Westendorf F, Dietzek B, Presselt M. In situ photothermal deflection spectroscopy revealing intermolecular interactions upon self-assembly of dye monolayers. Analyst 2021; 146:5033-5036. [PMID: 34291247 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00582k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS) to study the self-assembly of dye monolayers in situ. Beyond the determination of adsorption kinetics at specific wavelengths, PDS gains its strength from yielding UV-vis absorptance spectra of SAMs in situ, unaffected by scattering, from which supramolecular interactions can be deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian L Hupfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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9
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Das S, Fiedler J, Stauffert O, Walter M, Buhmann SY, Presselt M. Macroscopic quantum electrodynamics and density functional theory approaches to dispersion interactions between fullerenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23295-23306. [PMID: 33034333 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02863k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The processing and material properties of commercial organic semiconductors, for e.g. fullerenes is largely controlled by their precise arrangements, specially intermolecular symmetries, distances and orientations, more specifically, molecular polarisabilities. These supramolecular parameters heavily influence their electronic structure, thereby determining molecular photophysics and therefore dictating their usability as n-type semiconductors. In this article we evaluate van der Waals potentials of a fullerene dimer model system using two approaches: (a) Density Functional Theory and, (b) Macroscopic Quantum Electrodynamics, which is particularly suited for describing long-range van der Waals interactions. Essentially, we determine and explain the model symmetry, distance and rotational dependencies on binding energies and spectral changes. The resultant spectral tuning is compared using both methods showing correspondence within the constraints placed by the different model assumptions. We envision that the application of macroscopic methods and structure/property relationships laid forward in this article will find use in fundamental supramolecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saunak Das
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany. and Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Johannes Fiedler
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. and Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliver Stauffert
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Walter
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. and FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany and Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany and Frauenhofer IWM, MikroTribologie Centrum μTC, Wöhlerstrasse 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Yoshi Buhmann
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Presselt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany. and Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany and Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745 Jena, Germany
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Wahyuono RA, Jia G, Plentz J, Dellith A, Dellith J, Herrmann‐Westendorf F, Seyring M, Presselt M, Andrä G, Rettenmayr M, Dietzek B. Self-Assembled Graphene/MWCNT Bilayers as Platinum-Free Counter Electrode in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:3336-3345. [PMID: 31800979 PMCID: PMC6972496 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We describe the preparation and properties of bilayers of graphene- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an alternative to conventionally used platinum-based counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The counter electrodes were prepared by a simple and easy-to-implement double self-assembly process. The preparation allows for controlling the surface roughness of electrode in a layer-by-layer deposition. Annealing under N2 atmosphere improves the electrode's conductivity and the catalytic activity of graphene and MWCNTs to reduce the I3- species within the electrolyte of the DSSC. The performance of different counter-electrodes is compared for ZnO photoanode-based DSSCs. Bilayer electrodes show higher power conversion efficiencies than monolayer graphene electrodes or monolayer MWCNTs electrodes. The bilayer graphene (bottom)/MWCNTs (top) counter electrode-based DSSC exhibits a maximum power conversion efficiency of 4.1 % exceeding the efficiency of a reference DSSC with a thin film platinum counter electrode (efficiency of 3.4 %). In addition, the double self-assembled counter electrodes are mechanically stable, which enables their recycling for DSSCs fabrication without significant loss of the solar cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruri Agung Wahyuono
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Guobin Jia
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
| | - Jonathan Plentz
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
| | - Andrea Dellith
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
| | - Jan Dellith
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
| | - Felix Herrmann‐Westendorf
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Martin Seyring
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials ResearchFriedrich Schiller University JenaLöbdegraben 3207743JenaGermany
| | - Martin Presselt
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Gudrun Andrä
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
| | - Markus Rettenmayr
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials ResearchFriedrich Schiller University JenaLöbdegraben 3207743JenaGermany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
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Hupfer ML, Kaufmann M, May S, Preiß J, Weiß D, Dietzek B, Beckert R, Presselt M. Enhancing the supramolecular stability of monolayers by combining dipolar with amphiphilic motifs: a case of amphiphilic push-pull-thiazole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13241-13247. [PMID: 31180395 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02013f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Equipping a thiazole dye with push and pull moieties adds dipolar intermolecular interactions and two hydrophilic anchors to a centrally anchored π-stacking and otherwise mono-amphiphilic dye. We show that, despite the resulting irregular shape of the tripodal amphiphile, the enhanced intermolecular interactions and amphiphilicity yield smooth and stable thin films. Furthermore, we present a first approach for deriving supramolecular binding energies from the Langmuir-Blodgett hysteresis data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Hupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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