1
|
Mendez LC, Kennedy M, Bhatia SR, Sampson NS. Triblock Glycopolymers with Two 10-mer Blocks of Activating Sugars Enhance the Activation of Acrosomal Exocytosis in Mouse Sperm. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2024; 4:165-177. [PMID: 38911911 PMCID: PMC11191571 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.4c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Carbohydrate recognition is imperative for the induction of sperm acrosomal exocytosis (AE), an essential phenomenon in mammalian fertilization. In mouse sperm, polynorbornene 100-mers displaying fucose or mannose moieties were effective at inducing AE. In contrast, glycopolymers exhibiting glucose sugars resulted in no AE activation. To further elucidate the role of ligand density on the activation of AE in mouse sperm, a triple-stain flow cytometry assay was employed to determine the efficacy of polynorbornene block copolymers with barbell-like sequences as initiators of AE. Triblock (ABA or ABC) copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with one or two activating sugars, mannose or fucose, and one nonactivating sugar, glucose. The active ligand fractions in the polymers varied from 10, 20, or 40%. Simultaneously, random copolymers comprising 20% activating ligands were prepared to confirm the importance of ligand positionality in AE activation in mouse sperm. Polynorbornene 100-mers possessing two 10-mer blocks of activating sugars were the most effective copolymers at inducing AE with levels of AE comparable to their homopolymer counterparts and more effective than their random analogues. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was then performed to verify that there were no differences in the conformations of the glycopolymers contributing to their varying AE activity. SAXS data analysis confirmed that all of the glycopolymers assumed semiflexible cylindrical structures with similar radii and Kuhn lengths. These findings suggest that the overall ligand density of the sugar moieties in the polymer is less important than the positionality of short blocks of high-density ligands for AE activation in mouse sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luz C. Mendez
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United
States
| | - Mitchell Kennedy
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United
States
| | - Surita R. Bhatia
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United
States
| | - Nicole S. Sampson
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United
States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Q, Wang X. Precise Assembly of Polyoxometalates at Single-cluster Levels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217764. [PMID: 36577699 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Polyoxometalate (POM) clusters with atomic precision structures are promising candidates construct functional nanomaterials via self-assembly. Non-covalent interactions at molecular levels can govern the self-assembly of POM clusters, for which the precise control of POM-based assemblies can be realized at single-cluster levels. This mini-review focuses on the synthesis and properties of POM-based nanostructures, including amphiphilic POM assemblies and co-assemblies of POM clusters and other subnanometer building blocks. Several synthetic strategies have been developed for rational control of POM-based assemblies in terms of morphologies, compositions and properties. 1D subnanometer POM assemblies demonstrate remarkable enhanced mechanical properties due to the topological interactions between nanowires and surroundings. The in-depth understanding of POM-based assemblies may help in the design of functional nanomaterials in fundamental perspectives and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingda Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu ZQ, Yin Z, Zhang LL, Yan Y, Jiang Z, Wu H, Wang W. Synthesis of Proton Conductive Copolymers of Inorganic Polyacid Cluster Polyelectrolytes and PEO Bottlebrush Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Qun Lu
- Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuoyu Yin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lan-Lan Zhang
- Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yukun Yan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qu R, Suo H, Gu Y, Weng Y, Qin Y. Sidechain Metallopolymers with Precisely Controlled Structures: Synthesis and Application in Catalysis. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061128. [PMID: 35335458 PMCID: PMC8956016 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the cooperative multi-metallic activation in metalloenzyme catalysis, artificial enzymes as multi-metallic catalysts have been developed for improved kinetics and higher selectivity. Previous models about multi-metallic catalysts, such as cross-linked polymer-supported catalysts, failed to precisely control the number and location of their active sites, leading to low activity and selectivity. In recent years, metallopolymers with metals in the sidechain, also named as sidechain metallopolymers (SMPs), have attracted much attention because of their combination of the catalytic, magnetic, and electronic properties of metals with desirable mechanical and processing properties of polymeric backbones. Living and controlled polymerization techniques provide access to SMPs with precisely controlled structures, for example, controlled degree of polymerization (DP) and molecular weight dispersity (Đ), which may have excellent performance as multi-metallic catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions. This review will cover the recent advances about SMPs, especially on their synthesis and application in catalysis. These tailor-made SMPs with metallic catalytic centers can precisely control the number and location of their active sites, exhibiting high catalytic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Hongyi Suo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanan Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yusheng Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Y.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu ZQ, Zhang LL, Yan Y, Wang W. Polyelectrolytes of Inorganic Polyoxometalates: Acids, Salts, and Complexes. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Qun Lu
- Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lan-Lan Zhang
- Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yukun Yan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Fernandez-Alvarez R, Tošner Z, Kozlík P, Štěpánek M, Zhigunov A, Urbanová M, Brus J, Uchman M, Matějíček P. Polynorbornene-Based Polyelectrolytes with Covalently Attached Metallacarboranes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Lithium-Ion Mobility. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Alvarez
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Zdeněk Tošner
- NMR Laboratory, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Petr Kozlík
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Štěpánek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Alexander Zhigunov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Martina Urbanová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Jiří Brus
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Mariusz Uchman
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Pavel Matějíček
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Visualization of Two-dimensional Single Chains of Hybrid Polyelectrolytes on Solid Surface. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
8
|
Matějíček P. Erratic ions: self-assembly and coassembly of ions of nanometer size and of irregular structure. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|