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Li J, Zhuang Z, Guo J, Dong X, Gong J, Tang BZ, Zhao Z. Free Radical-Mediated Photocyclization of Triphenylphosphindole Oxides for Photoactivated and Self-Reported Lipid Peroxidation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2305516. [PMID: 37870212 PMCID: PMC10724397 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Photocyclization is demonstrated as a powerful tool for building complicated polycyclic molecules. And efficient photocyclization is competent as an artful strategy to develop photo-responsive smart materials. Herein, an efficient free radical-mediated photocyclization for triphenylphosphindole oxide (TPPIO) derivatives to generate tribenzophosphindole oxide (TBPIO) derivatives at ambient condition is reported. The reaction mechanism and substituent effect on photocyclization efficiency are thoroughly investigated. Additionally, photophysical and photochemical properties of TPPIO and TBPIO derivatives are measured for comparison and deeply deciphered by theoretical calculation. TPPIO derivatives own typical aggregation-induced emission feature but barely generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), while TBPIO derivatives experience aggregation-caused quenching but show efficient Type I ROS generation capacity. Further, in vitro experiments demonstrate that this photo-conversion can efficiently occur in situ in living cells to activate photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect to trigger lipid peroxidation with selective fluorescence "light up" in lipid droplet area under continuous irradiation. This work extends the optoelectronically and biologically interesting phosphindole oxide-containing π-conjugated systems through an efficient synthetic strategy, provides in-depth mechanistic descriptions in the aspects of reaction and property, and further presents their great potentials for photoactivated and self-reported PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates of Guangdong ProvinceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Zeyan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates of Guangdong ProvinceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
- School of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore637371Singapore
| | - Jingjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates of Guangdong ProvinceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
- School of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore637371Singapore
| | - Xiaobin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates of Guangdong ProvinceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Junyi Gong
- School of Science and EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates of Guangdong ProvinceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
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Di Sabato A, D’Acunzo F, Filippini D, Vetica F, Brasiello A, Corinti D, Bodo E, Michenzi C, Panzetta E, Gentili P. Unusually Chemoselective Photocyclization of 2-(Hydroxyimino)aldehydes to Cyclobutanol Oximes: Synthetic, Stereochemical, and Mechanistic Aspects. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13803-13818. [PMID: 36198009 PMCID: PMC9639046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Photocyclization of carbonyl compounds (known as the Norrish-Yang reaction) to yield cyclobutanols is, in general, accompanied by fragmentation reactions. The latter are predominant in the case of aldehydes so that secondary cyclobutanols are not considered accessible via the straightforward Norrish-Yang reaction. A noteworthy exception has been reported in our laboratory, where cyclobutanols bearing a secondary alcohol function were observed upon UV light irradiation of 2-(hydroxyimino)aldehydes (HIAs). This reaction is here investigated in detail by combining synthesis, spectroscopic data, molecular dynamics, and DFT calculations. The synthetic methodology is generally applicable to a series of HIAs, affording the corresponding cyclobutanol oximes (CBOs) chemoselectively (i.e., without sizable fragmentation side-reactions), diastereoselectively (up to >99:1), and in good to excellent yields (up to 95%). CBO oxime ether derivatives can be purified and diastereomers isolated by standard column chromatography. The mechanistic and stereochemical picture of this photocyclization reaction, as well as of the postcyclization E/Z isomerization of the oxime double bond is completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Sabato
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,Institute
of Biological Systems (ISB), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, Italian
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca D’Acunzo
- Institute
of Biological Systems (ISB), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, Italian
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Filippini
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vetica
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,
| | - Antonio Brasiello
- Department
of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Corinti
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza
University of Rome, Piazzale
Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Michenzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Panzetta
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gentili
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,Institute
of Biological Systems (ISB), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, Italian
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,
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Liu H, Xue J, Wang S, Wu F, Zhao Y, Shen Z. Thermal switches between delayed fluorescence and persistent phosphorescence based on a keto-BODIPY electron acceptor. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2030-2037. [PMID: 33595046 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02390f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new type of twisted donor-acceptor molecular material 3a and 3b containing carbazole as an electron donor and keto-BODIPY bearing keto-isoindolinyl and pyridyl subunits as an acceptor has been prepared and characterized. Chemical modifications at the meso-position of keto-BODIPY with a nitrogen atom and a cyano group enhance the electron withdrawing ability and cause the emission color change from blue to yellow and red. Steady-state absorption and emission spectra of the two compounds show a strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character. Time-resolved emission spectra and transient decay curves of 3a and 3b show efficient delayed fluorescence with a lifetime of 12.64 μs for 3a and 16.59 μs for 3b at room temperature, whereas persistent phosphorescence with a lifetime of 576.65 ms for 3a and 273.76 ms for 3b was obviously detected at 77 K. These photophysical behaviors have been fully revealed via X-ray diffraction analysis and theoretical calculations, and thus attributed to the hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) states and increased spin-orbital coupling (SOC) strength by mixed n → π* and π → π* transitions involving heteroatom lone pairs and the π-conjugated skeleton, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
| | - Sisi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
| | - Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
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