1
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Cheng T, Wu X, Qiu Y, Yuan B, Zhao C, Chen JL, Peng YK. Spatially Decoupled H 2O 2 Activation Pathways and Multi-Enzyme Activities in Rod-Shaped CeO 2 with Implications for Facet Distribution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401032. [PMID: 38618652 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
CeO2, particularly in the shape of rod, has recently gained considerable attention for its ability to mimic peroxidase (POD) and haloperoxidase (HPO). However, this multi-enzyme activities unavoidably compete for H2O2 affecting its performance in relevant applications. The lack of consensus on facet distribution in rod-shaped CeO2 further complicates the establishment of structure-activity correlations, presenting challenges for progress in the field. In this study, the HPO-like activity of rod-shaped CeO2 is successfully enhanced while maintaining its POD-like activity through a facile post-calcination method. By studying the spatial distribution of these two activities and their exclusive H2O2 activation pathways on CeO2 surfaces, this study finds that the increased HPO-like activity originated from the newly exposed (111) surface at the tip of the shortened rods after calcination, while the unchanged POD-like activity is attributed to the retained (110) surface in their lateral area. These findings not only address facet distribution discrepancies commonly reported in the literature for rod-shaped CeO2 but also offer a simple approach to enhance its antibacterial performance. This work is expected to provide atomic insights into catalytic correlations and guide the design of nanozymes with improved activity and reaction specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Yuwei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Jian Lin Chen
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
- City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China
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2
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Moxon S, Symington AR, Tse JS, Flitcroft JM, Skelton JM, Gillie LJ, Cooke DJ, Parker SC, Molinari M. Composition-dependent morphologies of CeO 2 nanoparticles in the presence of Co-adsorbed H 2O and CO 2: a density functional theory study. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11232-11249. [PMID: 38779821 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01296h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic activity is affected by surface morphology, and specific surfaces display greater activity than others. A key challenge is to define synthetic strategies to enhance the expression of more active surfaces and to maintain their stability during the lifespan of the catalyst. In this work, we outline an ab initio approach, based on density functional theory, to predict surface composition and particle morphology as a function of environmental conditions, and we apply this to CeO2 nanoparticles in the presence of co-adsorbed H2O and CO2 as an industrially relevant test case. We find that dissociative adsorption of both molecules is generally the most favourable, and that the presence of H2O can stabilise co-adsorbed CO2. We show that changes in adsorption strength with temperature and adsorbate partial pressure lead to significant changes in surface stability, and in particular that co-adsorption of H2O and CO2 stabilizes the {100} and {110} surfaces over the {111} surface. Based on the changes in surface free energy induced by the adsorbed species, we predict that cuboidal nanoparticles are favoured in the presence of co-adsorbed H2O and CO2, suggesting that cuboidal particles should experience a lower thermodynamic driving force to reconstruct and thus be more stable as catalysts for processes involving these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Moxon
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Adam R Symington
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Joshua S Tse
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Joseph M Flitcroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jonathan M Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Lisa J Gillie
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - David J Cooke
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Stephen C Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Marco Molinari
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
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3
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Huang XL. Unveiling the role of inorganic nanoparticles in Earth's biochemical evolution through electron transfer dynamics. iScience 2024; 27:109555. [PMID: 38638571 PMCID: PMC11024932 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This article explores the intricate interplay between inorganic nanoparticles and Earth's biochemical history, with a focus on their electron transfer properties. It reveals how iron oxide and sulfide nanoparticles, as examples of inorganic nanoparticles, exhibit oxidoreductase activity similar to proteins. Termed "life fossil oxidoreductases," these inorganic enzymes influence redox reactions, detoxification processes, and nutrient cycling in early Earth environments. By emphasizing the structural configuration of nanoparticles and their electron conformation, including oxygen defects and metal vacancies, especially electron hopping, the article provides a foundation for understanding inorganic enzyme mechanisms. This approach, rooted in physics, underscores that life's origin and evolution are governed by electron transfer principles within the framework of chemical equilibrium. Today, these nanoparticles serve as vital biocatalysts in natural ecosystems, participating in critical reactions for ecosystem health. The research highlights their enduring impact on Earth's history, shaping ecosystems and interacting with protein metal centers through shared electron transfer dynamics, offering insights into early life processes and adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Huang
- Center for Clean Water Technology, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-6044, USA
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4
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Huang XL, Harmer JR, Schenk G, Southam G. Inorganic Fe-O and Fe-S oxidoreductases: paradigms for prebiotic chemistry and the evolution of enzymatic activity in biology. Front Chem 2024; 12:1349020. [PMID: 38389729 PMCID: PMC10881703 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1349020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidoreductases play crucial roles in electron transfer during biological redox reactions. These reactions are not exclusive to protein-based biocatalysts; nano-size (<100 nm), fine-grained inorganic colloids, such as iron oxides and sulfides, also participate. These nanocolloids exhibit intrinsic redox activity and possess direct electron transfer capacities comparable to their biological counterparts. The unique metal ion architecture of these nanocolloids, including electron configurations, coordination environment, electron conductivity, and the ability to promote spontaneous electron hopping, contributes to their transfer capabilities. Nano-size inorganic colloids are believed to be among the earliest 'oxidoreductases' to have 'evolved' on early Earth, playing critical roles in biological systems. Representing a distinct type of biocatalysts alongside metalloproteins, these nanoparticles offer an early alternative to protein-based oxidoreductase activity. While the roles of inorganic nano-sized catalysts in current Earth ecosystems are intuitively significant, they remain poorly understood and underestimated. Their contribution to chemical reactions and biogeochemical cycles likely helped shape and maintain the balance of our planet's ecosystems. However, their potential applications in biomedical, agricultural, and environmental protection sectors have not been fully explored or exploited. This review examines the structure, properties, and mechanisms of such catalysts from a material's evolutionary standpoint, aiming to raise awareness of their potential to provide innovative solutions to some of Earth's sustainability challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Huang
- NYS Center for Clean Water Technology, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Harmer
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gordon Southam
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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5
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Chen GY, Chai TQ, Wang JL, Yang FQ. Recent advances in the colorimetric and fluorescence analysis of bioactive small-molecule compounds based on the enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115695. [PMID: 37672902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity have been widely used in the construction of colorimetric and fluorescence sensors due to their advantages of cost-effectiveness, high stability, good biocompatibility, and ease of modification. Furthermore, the colorimetric and fluorescence sensors, which are effective approaches for detecting bioactive small-molecule compounds, have been extensively explored due to their simple operation and high sensitivity. Recent significant researches have focused on designing various sensors based on nanozymes with peroxidase- and oxidase-like activity for the colorimetric and fluorescence analysis of different analytes. In this review, recent developments (from 2018 to present) in the colorimetric and fluorescent analysis of bioactive small-molecule compounds based on the enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials were summarized. In addition, the challenges and design strategies in developing colorimetric and fluorescent assays with high performance and specific sensing were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Tong-Qing Chai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Jia-Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
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6
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Yuan B, Tan Z, Guo Q, Shen X, Zhao C, Chen JL, Peng YK. Regulating the H 2O 2 Activation Pathway on a Well-Defined CeO 2 Nanozyme Allows the Entire Steering of Its Specificity between Associated Enzymatic Reactions. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17383-17393. [PMID: 37578491 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes are promising alternatives to natural enzymes, but their use remains limited owing to poor specificity. For example, CeO2 activates H2O2 and displays peroxidase (POD)-like, catalase (CAT)-like, and haloperoxidase (HPO)-like activities. Since they unavoidably compete for H2O2, affecting its utilization in the target application, the precise manipulation of reaction specificity is thus imperative. Herein, we showed that one can simply achieve this by manipulating the H2O2 activation pathway on pristine CeO2 in well-defined shapes. This is because the coordination and electronic structures of Ce sites vary with CeO2 surfaces, wherein the (100) and (111) surfaces display nearly 100% specificity toward POD-/CAT-like and HPO-like activities, respectively. The antibacterial results suggest that the latter surface can well-utilize H2O2 to kill bacteria (cf., the former), which is promising for anti-biofouling applications. This work provides atomic insights into the synthesis of nanozymes with improved activity, reaction specificity, and H2O2 utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Zicong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xiutong Shen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jian Lin Chen
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong SAR
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7
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Qiu Y, Yuan B, Mi H, Lee JH, Chou SW, Peng YK. An Atomic Insight into the Confusion on the Activity of Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles as Peroxidase Mimetics and Their Comparison with Horseradish Peroxidase. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8872-8878. [PMID: 36125422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although Fe3O4 nanoparticles were early reported to outperform horseradish peroxidase (HRP), recent studies suggested that this material bears a very poor activity instead. Here, we resolve this disagreement by reviewing the definition of descriptors used and provide an atomic view into the origin of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as peroxidase mimetics. The redox between H2O2 and Fe(II) sites on the Fe3O4 surface was identified as the key step to producing OH radicals for the oxidation of colorimetric substrates. This mechanism involving free radicals is distinct from that of HRP oxidizing substrates with a radical retained on its Fe-porphyrin ring. Surprisingly, the distribution and chemical state of Fe species were found to be very different on single- and polycrystalline Fe3O4 nanoparticles with the latter bearing not only a higher Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio but also a more reactive Fe(II) species at surface grain boundaries. This accounts for the unexpected gap in the catalytic constant (kcat) observed for this material in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 0000 Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 0000 Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hua Mi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 0000 Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea
| | - Shang-Wei Chou
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 0000 Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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8
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Tan Z, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Man Wong SS, Zhang S, Sun H, Yung KKL, Peng YK. Shape Regulation of CeO2 Nanozymes Boosts Reaction Specificity and Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Tan
- City University of Hong Kong chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Ying Wang
- Hong Kong Baptist University Biology HONG KONG
| | - Jie Zhang
- City University of Hong Kong chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Hong Kong Baptist University Biology HONG KONG
| | | | | | - Hongyan Sun
- City University of Hong Kong chemistry HONG KONG
| | | | - Yung-Kang Peng
- City University of Hong Kong Chemistry Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 0000 Hong Kong HONG KONG
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9
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Niu X, Liu B, Hu P, Zhu H, Wang M. Nanozymes with Multiple Activities: Prospects in Analytical Sensing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040251. [PMID: 35448311 PMCID: PMC9030423 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the superiorities in catalytic stability, production cost and performance tunability over natural bio-enzymes, artificial nanomaterials featuring enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes) have drawn extensive attention from the academic community in the past decade. With these merits, they are intensively tested for sensing, biomedicine and environmental engineering. Especially in the analytical sensing field, enzyme mimics have found wide use for biochemical detection, environmental monitoring and food analysis. More fascinatingly, rational design enables one fabrication of enzyme-like materials with versatile activities, which show great promise for further advancement of the nanozyme-involved biochemical sensing field. To understand the progress in such an exciting field, here we offer a review of nanozymes with multiple catalytic activities and their analytical application prospects. The main types of enzyme-mimetic activities are first introduced, followed by a summary of current strategies that can be employed to design multi-activity nanozymes. In particular, typical materials with at least two enzyme-like activities are reviewed. Finally, opportunities for multi-activity nanozymes applied in the sensing field are discussed, and potential challenges are also presented, to better guide the development of analytical methods and sensors using nanozymes with different catalytic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangheng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.L.); (P.H.); (H.Z.); (M.W.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Bangxiang Liu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.L.); (P.H.); (H.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Panwang Hu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.L.); (P.H.); (H.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Hengjia Zhu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.L.); (P.H.); (H.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.L.); (P.H.); (H.Z.); (M.W.)
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10
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Zhang J, Wu TS, Thang HV, Tseng KY, Hao X, Xu B, Chen HYT, Peng YK. Cluster Nanozymes with Optimized Reactivity and Utilization of Active Sites for Effective Peroxidase (and Oxidase) Mimicking. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104844. [PMID: 34825478 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts have attracted attention in the past decade since they maximize the utilization of active sites and facilitate the understanding of product distribution in some catalytic reactions. Recently, this idea has been extended to single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) for the mimicking of natural enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) often used in bioanalytical applications. Herein, it is demonstrated that those SAzymes without constructing the reaction pocket of HRP still undergo the OH radical-mediated pathway like most of the reported nanozymes. Their positively charged single-atom centers resulting from support electronegative oxygen/nitrogen hinder the reductive conversion of H2 O2 to OH radicals and hence display low activity per site. In contrast, it is found that this step can be facilitated over their metallic counterparts on cluster nanozymes with much higher site activity and atom efficiency (cf. SAzymes with 100% atom utilization). Besides the mimicking of HRP in glucose detection, cluster nanozymes are also demonstrated as a better oxidase mimetic for glutathione detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tai-Sing Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ho Viet Thang
- The University of Da-Nang, University of Science and Technology, Da-Nang, 550000, Vietnam
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yu Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Xiaodong Hao
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Bingshe Xu
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Hsin-Yi Tiffany Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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11
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Yuan B, Chou HL, Peng YK. Disclosing the Origin of Transition Metal Oxides as Peroxidase (and Catalase) Mimetics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 14:22728-22736. [PMID: 34634906 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since Fe3O4 was reported to mimic horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with comparable activity (2007), countless peroxidase nanozymes have been developed for a wide range of applications from biological detection assays to disease diagnosis and biomedicine development. However, researchers have recently argued that Fe3O4 has no peroxidase activity because surface Fe(III) cannot oxidize tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the absence of H2O2 (cf. HRP). This motivated us to investigate the origin of transition metal oxides as peroxidase mimetics. The redox between their surface Mn+ (oxidation) and H2O2 (reduction) was found to be the key step generating OH radicals, which oxidize not only TMB for color change but other H2O2 to produce HO2 radicals for Mn+ regeneration. This mechanism involving free OH and HO2 radicals is distinct from that of HRP with a radical retained on the Fe-porphyrin ring. Most importantly, it also explains the origin of their catalase-like activity (i.e., the decomposition of H2O2 into H2O and O2). Because the production of OH radicals is the rate-limiting step, the poor activity of Fe3O4 can be attributed to the slow redox of Fe(II) with H2O2, which is two orders of magnitude slower than the most active Cu(I) among common transition metal oxides. We further tested glutathione (GSH) detection on the basis of its peroxidase-like activity to highlight the importance of understanding the mechanism when selecting materials with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 0000, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hung-Lung Chou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 0000, Hong Kong SAR
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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12
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Wu S, Wang Y, Cao Q, Zhao Q, Fang W. Efficient Imine Formation by Oxidative Coupling at Low Temperature Catalyzed by High-Surface-Area Mesoporous CeO 2 with Exceptional Redox Property. Chemistry 2021; 27:3019-3028. [PMID: 33037678 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
High-surface-area mesoporous CeO2 (hsmCeO2 ) was prepared by a facile organic-template-induced homogeneous precipitation process and showed excellent catalytic activity in imine synthesis in the absence of base from primary alcohols and amines in air atmosphere at low temperature. For comparison, ordinary CeO2 and hsmCeO2 after different thermal treatments were also investigated. XRD, N2 physisorption, UV-Raman, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, O2 temperature-programmed desorption, EPR spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to unravel the structural and redox properties. The hsmCeO2 calcined at 400 °C shows the highest specific surface area (158 m2 g-1 ), the highest fraction of surface coordinatively unsaturated Ce3+ ions (18.2 %), and the highest concentration of reactive oxygen vacancies (2.4×1015 spins g-1 ). In the model reaction of oxidative coupling of benzyl alcohol and aniline, such an exceptional redox property of the hsmCeO2 catalyst can boost benzylideneaniline formation (2.75 and 5.55 mmol g ceria - 1 h-1 based on >99 % yield at 60 and 80 °C, respectively) in air with no base additives. It can also work effectively at a temperature of 30 °C and in gram-scale synthesis. These are among the best results for all benchmark ceria catalysts in the literature. Moreover, the hsmCeO2 catalyst shows a wide scope towards primary alcohols and amines with good to excellent yield of imines. The influence of reaction parameters, the reusability of the catalyst, and the reaction mechanism were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Qiue Cao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and, Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Qihua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Fang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and, Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, P. R. China
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