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Lewis TN, Tonnelé C, Shuler WG, Kasun ZA, Sato H, Berges AJ, Rodriguez JR, Krische MJ, Casanova D, Bardeen CJ. Chemical Tuning of Exciton versus Charge-Transfer Excited States in Conformationally Restricted Arylene Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18548-18558. [PMID: 34709810 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent assemblies of conjugated organic chromophores provide the opportunity to engineer new excited states with novel properties. In this work, a newly developed triple-stranded cage architecture, in which meta-substituted aromatic caps serve as covalent linking groups that attach to both top and bottom of the conjugated molecule walls, is used to tune the properties of thiophene oligomer assemblies. Benzene-capped and triazine-capped 5,5'-(2,2-bithiophene)-containing arylene cages are synthesized and characterized using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods. The conformational freedom and electronic states are analyzed using time-dependent density functional theory. The benzene cap acts as a passive spacer whose electronic states do not mix with those of the chromophore walls. The excited state properties are dominated by through-space interactions between the chromophore subunits, generating a neutral Frenkel H-type exciton state. This excitonic state undergoes intersystem crossing on a 200 ps time scale while the fluorescence output is suppressed by a factor of 2 due to a decreased radiative rate. Switching to a triazine cap enables electron transfer from the chromophore-linker after the initial excitation to the exciton state, leading to the formation of a charge-transfer state within 10 ps. This state can avoid intersystem crossing and exhibits red-shifted fluorescence with enhanced quantum yield. The ability to interchange structural modules with different electronic properties while retaining the overall cage morphology provides a new approach for tuning the properties of discrete chromophore assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor N Lewis
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018, Donostia, Euskadi Spain
| | - William G Shuler
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zachary A Kasun
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hiroki Sato
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Adam J Berges
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jacob R Rodriguez
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Michael J Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018, Donostia, Euskadi Spain.,IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Euskadi Spain
| | - Christopher J Bardeen
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521, United States.,University of California, Riverside, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Garnes‐Portolés F, Miguélez R, Grayson MN, Barrio P. ω‐Alkenylallylboronates: Design, Synthesis, and Application to the Asymmetric Allylation/RCM Tandem Sequence. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rubén Miguélez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo Avenida Julian Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Pablo Barrio
- Departmento de Química Orgánica Universidad de Valencia 46100 Burjassot Spain
- Departmento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo Avenida Julian Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
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Doerksen RS, Hodík T, Hu G, Huynh NO, Shuler WG, Krische MJ. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Cycloadditions to Form Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered Rings. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4045-4083. [PMID: 33576620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-catalyzed cycloadditions to form five-, six-, and seven-membered rings are summarized, including applications in natural product total synthesis. Content is organized by ring size and reaction type. Coverage is limited to processes that involve formation of at least one C-C bond. Processes that are stoichiometric in ruthenium or exploit ruthenium as a Lewis acid (without intervention of organometallic intermediates), ring formations that occur through dehydrogenative condensation-reduction, σ-bond activation-initiated annulations that do not result in net reduction of bond multiplicity, and photochemically promoted ruthenium-catalyzed cycloadditions are not covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie S Doerksen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin,, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 East 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Tomáš Hodík
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin,, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 East 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Guanyu Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin,, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 East 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nancy O Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin,, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 East 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - William G Shuler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin,, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 East 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin,, Welch Hall (A5300), 105 East 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Shuler WG, Parvathaneni SP, Rodriguez JB, Lewis TN, Berges AJ, Bardeen CJ, Krische MJ. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Soluble N-Doped Rubicenes via Ruthenium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenative Benzannulation. Chemistry 2021; 27:4898-4902. [PMID: 33576516 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-catalyzed butadiene-mediated benzannulation enabled the first synthesis of 3,10-(di-tert-butyl)rubicene and its N-doped derivatives as well as preliminary studies on their photophysical properties. Unlike the parent rubicene and 3,10-(di-tert-butyl)rubicene, which adopt classical herringbone-type packing motifs in the solid state, the N-doped congener 7 b displayed columnar packing with an alternating co-facial arrangement of aromatic and heteroaromatic substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Shuler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Sai P Parvathaneni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Jacob B Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Taylor N Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Adam J Berges
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Christopher J Bardeen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
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