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Ismael F, Fleming CL, Christopher TD, Söhnel T, Zhou Y, Krenske EH, Gahan LR, Blackman AG. Co(III) complexes of the pentadentate NHC ligand PY4Im: carbene-induced trans influences and the non-disappearing 13C NMR peak. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:12688-12697. [PMID: 39015102 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01579g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Co(III) complexes of the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand PY4Im (PY4Im = (1,3-bis(bis(2-pyridyl)methyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)) having the general formula [(PY4Im)Co(X)](ClO4)n (X = NCMe; n = 3: OH-, N3-, NCS-, ONO-, F-; n = 2: O2CO2-, n = 1; (N3-)3, n = 0) were prepared and structurally characterised. X-ray structural data are consistent with the presence of a trans influence due to the coordinated carbene carbon, and this is also supported by computational results. 13C NMR spectra of the complexes did not display peaks corresponding to the carbene carbon, except in the case of the [(PY4Im)Co(O2CO)]+ cation, where a peak at δ = 170.21 ppm was observed. However, HMBC spectra allowed indirect determination of the chemical shifts of the carbene carbon in the remaining complexes, owing to the geometry of the PY4Im ligand. Calculated 13C chemical shifts for the complexes showed very good agreement with the experimental values for all but the carbene carbon atoms in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Ismael
- Department of Chemistry, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Cassandra L Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- The University of Sydney, Chemistry Building, Eastern Ave, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Timothy D Christopher
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Yuchen Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Krenske
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lawrence R Gahan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Allan G Blackman
- Department of Chemistry, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Białek MJ, Hurej K, Furuta H, Latos-Grażyński L. Organometallic chemistry confined within a porphyrin-like framework. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2082-2144. [PMID: 36852929 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00784c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The world of modified porphyrins changed forever when an N-confused porphyrin (NCP), a porphyrin isomer, was first published in 1994. The replacement of one inner nitrogen with a carbon atom revolutionised the chemistry that one is able to perform within the coordination cavity. One could explore new pathways in the organometallic chemistry of porphyrins by forcing a carbon fragment from the ring or an inner substituent to sit close to an inserted metal ion. Since the NCP discovery, a series of modifications became available to tune the coordination properties of the cavity, introducing a fascinating realm of carbaporphyrins. The review surveys all possible carbatetraphyrins(1.1.1.1) and their spectacular coordination and organometallic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał J Białek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Karolina Hurej
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Organometallic Chemistry within the Structured Environment Provided by the Macrocyclic Cores of Carbaporphyrins and Related Systems. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031496. [PMID: 36771158 PMCID: PMC9920839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique environment within the core of carbaporphyrinoid systems provides a platform to explore unusual organometallic chemistry. The ability of these structures to form stable organometallic derivatives was first demonstrated for N-confused porphyrins but many other carbaporphyrin-type systems were subsequently shown to exhibit similar or complementary properties. Metalation commonly occurs with catalytically active transition metal cations and the resulting derivatives exhibit widely different physical, chemical and spectroscopic properties and range from strongly aromatic to nonaromatic and antiaromatic species. Metalation may trigger unusual, highly selective, oxidation reactions. Alkyl group migration has been observed within the cavity of metalated carbaporphyrins, and in some cases ring contraction of the carbocyclic subunit takes place. Over the past thirty years, studies in this area have led to multiple synthetic routes to carbaporphyrinoid ligands and remarkable organometallic chemistry has been reported. An overview of this important area is presented.
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Bakker R, Bairagi A, Rodríguez M, Tripodi GL, Pereverzev AY, Roithová J. Hydrogen Bonding Effect on the Oxygen Binding and Activation in Cobalt(III)-Peroxo Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1728-1734. [PMID: 36657013 PMCID: PMC9890563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt(III)peroxo complexes serve as model metal complexes mediating oxygen activation. We report a systematic study of the effect of hydrogen bonding on the O2 binding energy and the O-O bond activation within the cobalt(III)peroxo complexes. To this end, we prepared a series of tris(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine-based cobalt(III)peroxo complexes having either none, one, two, or three amino groups in the secondary coordination sphere. The hydrogen bonding between the amino group(s) and the peroxo ligand was investigated within the isolated complexes in the gas phase using helium tagging infrared photodissociation spectroscopy, energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation experiments, and density functional theory. The results show that the hydrogen bonding stabilizes the cobalt(III)peroxo core, but the effect is only 10-20 kJ mol-1. Introducing the first amino group to the secondary coordination sphere has the largest stabilization effect; more amino groups do not change the results significantly. The amino group can transfer a hydrogen atom to the peroxo ligands, which results in the O-O bond cleavage. This process is thermodynamically favored over the O2 elimination but entropically disfavored.
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Budagumpi S, Keri RS, Nagaraju D, Yhobu Z, Monica V, Geetha B, Kadu RD, Neole N. Progress in the catalytic applications of cobalt N–heterocyclic carbene complexes: Emphasis on their synthesis, structure and mechanism. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Carroll XB, Errulat D, Murugesu M, Jenkins DM. Late Lanthanide Macrocyclic Tetra-NHC Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1611-1619. [PMID: 34990145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An isostructural set of macrocyclic tetra-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes were synthesized on late lanthanides including Lu, Yb, Ho, Dy, and Gd. They were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR, electrochemistry, and SQUID magnetometry. Solid-state structures show that all complexes are in a highly distorted square-pyramidal geometry with an axial HMDS ligand. 1H NMR for Lu, Yb, and Dy demonstrates that these geometries are maintained in solution. Electrochemical measurements on the Yb complex show that the NHCs are very strong σ-donors compared to other organometallic Yb complexes. Magnetic measurements of the Yb and Dy complexes reveal slow relaxation of the magnetization in both complexes. The highly anisotropic Dy complex possesses an energy barrier to spin reversal of 52.42 K/36.43 cm-1 and waist-restricted hysteresis up to 2.8 K. Finally, an 18-atom macrocycle variant of the Lu complex was synthesized for comparison in reactivity and stability. These complexes are the first lanthanides prepared with macrocyclic NHCs and suggest that NHCs may be a promising ligand for developing single-molecule magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian B Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dylan Errulat
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David M Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Zámbó GG, Schlagintweit JF, Reich RM, Kühn FE. Organometallic 3d transition metal NHC complexes in oxidation catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00127f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of processes for the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons is a major focus in catalysis research. Making this process simultaneously environmentally friendly is still challenging. 3d transition metals are...
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Schlagintweit JF, Altmann PJ, Böth AD, Hofmann BJ, Jandl C, Kaußler C, Nguyen L, Reich RM, Pöthig A, Kühn FE. Activation of Molecular Oxygen by a Cobalt(II) Tetra-NHC Complex*. Chemistry 2021; 27:1311-1315. [PMID: 33125815 PMCID: PMC7898330 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The first dicobalt(III) μ2 -peroxo N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex is reported. It can be quantitatively generated from a cobalt(II) compound bearing a 16-membered macrocyclic tetra-NHC ligand via facile activation of dioxygen from air at ambient conditions. The reaction proceeds via an end-on superoxo intermediate as demonstrated by EPR studies and DFT. The peroxo moiety can be cleaved upon addition of acetic acid, yielding the corresponding CoIII acetate complex going along with H2 O2 formation. In contrast, both CoII and CoIII complexes are also studied as catalysts to utilize air for olefin and alkane oxidation reactions; however, not resulting in product formation. The observations are rationalized by DFT-calculations, suggesting a nucleophilic nature of the dicobalt(III) μ2 -peroxo complex. All isolated compounds are characterized by NMR, ESI-MS, elemental analysis, EPR and SC-XRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas F. Schlagintweit
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Philipp J. Altmann
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
- Single Crystal XRD Laboratory of the Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenErnst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 185747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Alexander D. Böth
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Benjamin J. Hofmann
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Single Crystal XRD Laboratory of the Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenErnst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 185747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Clemens Kaußler
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Linda Nguyen
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
- Ausbildungszentrum der Technischen Universität MünchenTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Robert M. Reich
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Single Crystal XRD Laboratory of the Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenErnst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 185747Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Molecular CatalysisCatalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching bei MünchenGermany
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Anticancer and antibacterial properties of trinuclear Cu(I), Ag(I) and Au(I) macrocyclic NHC/urea complexes. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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