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Tran H, McGee P, Barriault L. Formal Synthesis of (±)-Salvinorin A via Gold(I) Catalysis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301640. [PMID: 37310277 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The formal synthesis of (±)-salvinorin A is presented. Our approach utilizes two distinct gold(I) catalytic processes. The combination of a gold(I)-catalyzed reaction with an intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction followed by a gold(I)-catalyzed photoredox reaction generated in eight steps the framework of the natural product with high diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Tran
- NanoVation Therapeutics, 2405 Wesbrook Mall 4th floor, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Philippe McGee
- X-Chem Inc., 7171 Rue Frederick Banting, Montréal, QC H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Louis Barriault
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Catalysis, Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
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Hill S, Dao N, Dang VQ, Stahl EL, Bohn LM, Shenvi RA. A Route to Potent, Selective, and Biased Salvinorin Chemical Space. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1567-1574. [PMID: 37637743 PMCID: PMC10450872 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The salvinorins serve as templates for next generation analgesics, antipruritics, and dissociative hallucinogens via selective and potent agonism of the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR). In contrast to most opioids, the salvinorins lack basic amines and bind with high affinity and selectivity via complex polyoxygenated scaffolds that have frustrated deep-seated modification by synthesis. Here we describe a short asymmetric synthesis that relies on a sterically confined organocatalyst to dissociate acidity from reactivity and effect Robinson annulation of an unactivated nucleophile/unstable electrophile pair. Combined with a cobalt-catalyzed polarized diene-alkyne cycloaddition, the route allows divergent access to a focused library of salvinorins. We appraise the synthesis by its generation of multiple analogs that exceed the potency, selectivity, stability, and functional bias of salvinorin A itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah
J. Hill
- Department
of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Graduate
School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nathan Dao
- Department
of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Graduate
School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Vuong Q. Dang
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim
UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Edward L. Stahl
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim
UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Laura M. Bohn
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim
UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Ryan A. Shenvi
- Department
of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Graduate
School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Mushtaq A, Zahoor AF, Bilal M, Hussain SM, Irfan M, Akhtar R, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Sharpless Asymmetric Dihydroxylation: An Impressive Gadget for the Synthesis of Natural Products: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:2722. [PMID: 36985698 PMCID: PMC10051988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation is an important reaction in the enantioselective synthesis of chiral vicinal diols that involves the treatment of alkene with osmium tetroxide along with optically active quinine ligand. Sharpless introduced this methodology after considering the importance of enantioselectivity in the total synthesis of medicinally important compounds. Vicinal diols, produced as a result of this reaction, act as intermediates in the synthesis of different naturally occurring compounds. Hence, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation plays an important role in synthetic organic chemistry due to its undeniable contribution to the synthesis of biologically active organic compounds. This review emphasizes the significance of Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation in the total synthesis of various natural products, published since 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Mushtaq
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akhtar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Superior University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Laboratory of Experimental Cytology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 3-Go Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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Halang M, Maier ME. Formal Total Synthesis of Salvinorin A. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202200015. [PMID: 35218166 PMCID: PMC9535499 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of the quaternary stereocenter at the C9 position of salvinorin A precursors by the Claisen rearrangement was investigated. The required allyl alcohol was prepared from a Wieland-Miescher ketone using a known γ-hydroxylation, reduction of the enone double bond, cyanohydrin formation, and elimination, yielding an unsaturated nitrile. A two-step reduction led to the required allyl alcohol. The subsequent Johnson-Claisen rearrangement provided a mixture of two diastereomeric 1,4-unsaturated esters in a ratio of around 2.6 : 1. The major isomer could be converted to a key intermediate of the Hagiwara synthesis of salvinorin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Halang
- Institut für Organische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Martin E. Maier
- Institut für Organische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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Abstract
A concise enantioselective total synthesis of the neoclerodane diterpene (-)-salvinorin A is reported. The stereogenic center at C-12 was installed by catalytic asymmetric propargylation with excellent enantioselectivity, and the remaining six stereogenic centers were set up highly diastereoselectively under substrate control. As for our previous synthesis of racemic salvinorin A, two intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions were applied to generate the tricyclic core. A chemoselective Mitsunobu inversion of a syn 1,2-diol allowed for further streamlining of the original reaction sequence by two steps. Overall, (-)-salvinorin A was synthesized in only 16 steps starting from 3-furaldehyde with 1.4 % total yield. Furthermore, an alternative intramolecular Diels-Alder strategy employing a 2-bromo-1,3-diene moiety was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Zimdars
- Fakultät Chemie und LebensmittelchemieOrganische Chemie ITechnische Universität DresdenBergstraße 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Yuzhou Wang
- Fakultät Chemie und LebensmittelchemieOrganische Chemie ITechnische Universität DresdenBergstraße 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Peter Metz
- Fakultät Chemie und LebensmittelchemieOrganische Chemie ITechnische Universität DresdenBergstraße 6601069DresdenGermany
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