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Turnbull D, Légaré MA. Rapid, iterative syntheses of unsymmetrical di- and triarylboranes from crystalline aryldifluoroboranes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14256-14261. [PMID: 38098724 PMCID: PMC10717494 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05071h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A one-pot procedure to synthesise aryldifluoroboranes, ArBF2, from bench-stable arylsilanes is presented. These ArBF2 react conveniently with aryllithium reagents to form unsymmetrical ArAr'BF and BArAr'Ar'' in high yield. Examples of all three classes of borane have been characterised crystallographically, allowing for elucidation of geometric and crystal packing trends in crystalline ArBF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Turnbull
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Otto Maass Chemistry Building, 801 Rue Sherbrooke O Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Marc-André Légaré
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Otto Maass Chemistry Building, 801 Rue Sherbrooke O Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 0B8
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2
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Gentile G, Morant-Giner M, Cardo L, Melchionna M, Fornasiero P, Prato M, Filippini G. DoE-Assisted Development of a 2H-MoS 2 -Catalyzed Approach for the Production of Indole Derivatives. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300831. [PMID: 37486452 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
2H-MoS2 is an appealing semiconductor because of its Earth-abundant nature, cheapness, and low toxicity. This material has shown promising catalytic activity for various energy-related processes, but its use in catalysis for C-C bond forming reactions towards useful organic compounds is still largely unexplored. The lack of examples in organic synthesis is mainly due to the intrinsic difficulties of using bulk 2H-MoS2 (e. g., low surface area), which implies the reliance on high catalytic loadings for obtaining acceptable yields. This makes the optimization process more expensive and tedious. Here, we report the development of a 2H-MoS2 -mediated synthesis of valuable bis(indolyl)methane derivatives, using indoles and benzaldehydes as starting materials. Exploiting the Design of Experiments (DoE) method, we identified the critical parameters affecting the catalytic performance of commercial 2H-MoS2 powder and optimized the reaction conditions. Lastly, we demonstrated that the catalytic system has versatility and good tolerance towards functional group variations of the reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gentile
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marc Morant-Giner
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Lucia Cardo
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici - Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (ICCOM-CNR), via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science Ikerbasque, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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3
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Brusa A, Iapadre D, Casacchia ME, Carioscia A, Giorgianni G, Magagnano G, Pesciaioli F, Carlone A. Acetaldehyde in the Enders triple cascade reaction via acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1243-1250. [PMID: 37674523 PMCID: PMC10477997 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalyzed multicomponent reactions represent an important toolbox in the field of organic synthesis to build complex scaffolds starting from simple starting materials. The Enders three-component cascade reaction was a cornerstone in the field and a plethora of organocatalyzed cascade reactions followed. However, acetaldehyde was not shown as a successful reaction partner, probably because of its high reactivity. Herein, we report the Enders-type cascade reaction using acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal, as a masked form of acetaldehyde. This strategy directly converts acetaldehyde, nitroalkenes and enals into stereochemically dense cyclohexenals in good yield and excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Brusa
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Debora Iapadre
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Edith Casacchia
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
- IUSS Scuola Universitaria Superiore di Pavia, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria, 15, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessio Carioscia
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuliana Giorgianni
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Magagnano
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Fabio Pesciaioli
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Armando Carlone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
- INSTM, Consorzio Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, RU L’Aquila, Italy
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4
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Asymmetric Organocatalysis—A Powerful Technology Platform for Academia and Industry: Pregabalin as a Case Study. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective organocatalysis has quickly established itself as the third pillar of asymmetric catalysis. It is a powerful technology platform, and it has a tremendous impact in both academic and industrial settings. By focusing on pregabalin, as a case study, this Perspective aims to show how a process amenable to industry of a simple chiral molecule can be tackled in several different ways using organocatalysis.
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Han J, Escorihuela J, Fustero S, Landa A, Soloshonok VA, Sorochinsky A. Asymmetric Michael Addition in Synthesis of β-Substituted GABA Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123797. [PMID: 35744921 PMCID: PMC9231165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) represents one of the most prolific structural units widely used in the design of modern pharmaceuticals. For example, β-substituted GABA derivatives are found in numerous neurological drugs, such as baclofen, phenibut, tolibut, pregabalin, phenylpiracetam, brivaracetam, and rolipram, to mention just a few. In this review, we critically discuss the literature data reported on the preparation of substituted GABA derivatives using the Michael addition reaction as a key synthetic transformation. Special attention is paid to asymmetric methods featuring synthetically useful stereochemical outcomes and operational simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Aitor Landa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.L.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.L.); (V.A.S.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Alameda Urquijo 36-5, Plaza Bizkaia, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alexander Sorochinsky
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Murmanska Str., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (A.S.)
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