1
|
Ye C, Lampronti GI, McHugh LN, Castillo-Blas C, Kono A, Chen C, Robertson GP, Nagle-Cocco LAV, Xu W, Stranks SD, Martinez V, Brekalo I, Karadeniz B, Užarević K, Xue W, Kolodzeiski P, Das C, Chater P, Keen DA, Dutton SE, Bennett TD. Mechanochemically-induced glass formation from two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7198-7205. [PMID: 38756817 PMCID: PMC11095504 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00905c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) occupy a prominent position in the field of materials chemistry due to their attractive optoelectronic properties. While extensive work has been done on the crystalline materials over the past decades, the newly reported glasses formed from HOIPs open up a new avenue for perovskite research with their unique structures and functionalities. Melt-quenching is the predominant route to glass formation; however, the absence of a stable liquid state prior to thermal decomposition precludes this method for most HOIPs. In this work, we describe the first mechanochemically-induced crystal-glass transformation of HOIPs as a rapid, green and efficient approach for producing glasses. The amorphous phase was formed from the crystalline phase within 10 minutes of ball-milling, and exhibited glass transition behaviour as evidenced by thermal analysis techniques. Time-resolved in situ ball-milling with synchrotron powder diffraction was employed to study the microstructural evolution of amorphisation, which showed that the crystallite size reaches a comminution limit before the amorphisation process is complete, indicating that energy may be further accumulated as crystal defects. Total scattering experiments revealed the limited short-range order of amorphous HOIPs, and their optical properties were studied by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chumei Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0HE UK
| | - Giulio I Lampronti
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
| | - Lauren N McHugh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Celia Castillo-Blas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
| | - Ayano Kono
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
| | - Celia Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0HE UK
| | - Georgina P Robertson
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
| | - Liam A V Nagle-Cocco
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0HE UK
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0AS UK
| | - Samuel D Stranks
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0HE UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0AS UK
| | | | - Ivana Brekalo
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | - Bahar Karadeniz
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia
| | | | - Wenlong Xue
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Pascal Kolodzeiski
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Chinmoy Das
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP Andhra Pradesh-522240 India
| | - Philip Chater
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. Diamond House, Harwell Campus Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX UK
| | - David A Keen
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Campus Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX UK
| | - Siân E Dutton
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0HE UK
| | - Thomas D Bennett
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0FS UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gentili D, Cavallini M. Opportunity of Patterning in Chemistry. Chemistry 2024:e202401219. [PMID: 38629243 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Patterning offers an efficient way to quantitatively enhance and enlarge material properties and functionalities, offering unprecedented opportunities for innovation in various scientific domains. By precisely controlling the spatial arrangement of materials at the micro- and nanoscale, patterning enables the exploitation of inherent material properties in novel ways. In addition, it generates new properties, leading to the development of advanced devices and applications. This article highlights the significant contributions of spatially controlled patterning in chemistry, particularly in generating new functional properties and devices, discussing some representative articles. Examples include the use of unconventional patterning techniques for surface functionalization, as well as the application of spatial confinement in improving material properties and controlling crystallization processes. Furthermore, the discussion extends to creating new devices, such as optical storage media and sensors, through spatial organization of materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gentili
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, IT
| | - Massimiliano Cavallini
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, IT
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sacchi P, Wright SE, Neoptolemou P, Lampronti GI, Rajagopalan AK, Kras W, Evans CL, Hodgkinson P, Cruz-Cabeza AJ. Crystal size, shape, and conformational changes drive both the disappearance and reappearance of ritonavir polymorphs in the mill. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319127121. [PMID: 38557191 PMCID: PMC11009673 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319127121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic compounds can crystallize in different forms known as polymorphs. Discovery and control of polymorphism is crucial to the pharmaceutical industry since different polymorphs can have significantly different physical properties which impacts their utilization in drug delivery. Certain polymorphs have been reported to 'disappear' from the physical world, irreversibly converting to new ones. These unwanted polymorph conversions, initially prevented by slow nucleation kinetics, are eventually observed driven by significant gains in thermodynamic stabilities. The most infamous of these cases is that of the HIV drug ritonavir (RVR): Once its reluctant form was unwillingly nucleated for the first time, its desired form could no longer be produced with the same manufacturing process. Here we show that RVR's extraordinary disappearing polymorph as well as its reluctant form can be consistently produced by ball-milling under different environmental conditions. We demonstrate that the significant difference in stability between its polymorphs can be changed and reversed in the mill-a process we show is driven by crystal size as well as crystal shape and conformational effects. We also show that those effects can be controlled through careful design of milling conditions since they dictate the kinetics of crystal breakage, dissolution, and growth processes that eventually lead to steady-state crystal sizes and shapes in the mill. This work highlights the huge potential of mechanochemistry in polymorph discovery of forms initially difficult to nucleate, recovery of disappearing polymorphs, and polymorph control of complex flexible drug compounds such as RVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Sacchi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, CambridgeCB2 1EZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E. Wright
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Petros Neoptolemou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Giulio I. Lampronti
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Weronika Kras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, AstraZeneca, MacclesfieldSK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Caitlin L. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, AstraZeneca, MacclesfieldSK10 2NA, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ferguson M, Friščić T. Exploring mechanochemistry of pharmaceutical cocrystals: effect of incident angle on molecular mixing during simulated indentations of two organic solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9940-9947. [PMID: 38497243 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05475f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The solid-state reaction of the active pharmaceutical ingredient theophylline with citric acid is a well-established example of a mechanochemical reaction, leading to a model pharmaceutical cocrystal. Here, classical force field molecular dynamics was employed to investigate the molecular mixing and structural distortion that take place on the mechanically driven indentation of a citric acid nanoparticle on a slab of crystalline theophylline. Through non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, a 6 nm diameter nanoparticle of citric acid was introduced onto an open (001) surface of a theophylline crystal, varying both the angle of incidence of the nanoparticle between 15° and 90° and the indentation speed between 1 m s-1 and 16 m s-1. This theoretical study enabled the evaluation of how these two parameters promote molecular mixing and overall structural deformation upon the mechanical contraction of theophylline and citric acid, both of which are important parameters underlying mechanochemical cocrystallisation. The results show that the angle of incidence plays a key role in the molecular transfer ability between the two species and in the structural disruption of the initially spherical nanoparticles. Changing the indentation speed, however, did not lead to a discernible trend in molecular mixing, highlighting the importance of the incident angle in mechanochemical events in the context of supramolecular chemistry, such as the disruption of the crystal structure and molecular transfer between molecular crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ferguson
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alić J, Lončarić I, Etter M, Rubčić M, Štefanić Z, Šekutor M, Užarević K, Stolar T. Direct in situ measurement of polymorphic transition temperatures under thermo-mechanochemical conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4840-4844. [PMID: 38276968 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
For the first time, we directly measured the onset and completion temperatures of polymorphic transitions under thermo-mechanochemical conditions by simultaneous in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and temperature monitoring. We determined the thermo-mechanochemical polymorphic transition temperature in 1-adamantyl-1-diamantyl ether to be 31 °C lower than the transition temperature determined by DSC. Our findings highlight the uniqueness of thermo-mechanochemical conditions, with potential applications in polymorph screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Alić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivor Lončarić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Martin Etter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22 607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirta Rubčić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Štefanić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marina Šekutor
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Tomislav Stolar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|