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Zhu B, Qiu H, Ma C, Chen S, Zhu J, Tong S. Recent progress on chiral extractants for enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464389. [PMID: 37741223 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for enantiopure compounds increases, chiral separation has become increasingly important in many fields. Enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction is an up-and-coming technology for enantiomeric separation because it is highly efficient and easy to be scaled up. The key factor for enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction is the development of novel chiral extractants with high enantiorecognition performance. With successful studies on catalytically active metal complexes as chiral extractants, novel chiral extractants can be screened and designed from the field of asymmetric catalysis. Chiral ionic liquids, sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrins bonded magnetic nanoparticles and 2,2',3,3'-tetrahydro-1,1'-spirobi[indene]-7,7'-diol (SPINOL) based phosphoric acid host show unique potential ability in enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction and they deserve further study. Brief principles, extraction equipment and solvent systems in enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction are presented in the present paper, and recent progress in development of new chiral extractants in the past decade is mainly reviewed, including metal complexes, cyclodextrins, ionic liquids, tartrate acids and crown ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Huiyun Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Chenlei Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Songlin Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Junchao Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China.
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2
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Li G, Zhang X, Fei X, Li J, Liu H, Liu W, Yang Y, Li B, Liu M, Yang G, Zhang T. Chiral FA Conjugated CdTe/CdS Quantum Dots for Selective Cancer Ablation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12991-13001. [PMID: 35969155 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inducing apoptosis in cancer cells is considered a potential therapeutic mechanism underlying cancers. Here, chiral folic acid (FA) conjugated Cys-CdTe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) conjugated with a cancer-targeting ligand were fabricated to induce apoptosis in vivo. Ligand-induced chirality mechanism for FA-Cys-CdTe/CdS QDs was discussed, which is verified by density functional theory (DFT) simulation. Interestingly, we found that the circular dichroism (CD) signals of chiral QDs can effectively distinguish breast cancer cells from normal cells, where a sharp decrease in CD signal and absorption intensity can be seen. Notably, chiral FA-Cys-CdTe/CdS QDs showed significant apoptosis-inducing ability after the release of mitochondrial apoptotic factors. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that chiral FA-Cys-CdTe/CdS QDs provide an efficient cancer ablation through the apoptosis process with negligible toxicity, demonstrating their great potential utility in targeted anticancer agent for future clinic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Li
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin JinJing Road, 26, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Xihao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Binshui Road, 45, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, P. R. China
| | - Xuening Fei
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin JinJing Road, 26, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Binshui Road, 45, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, P. R. China
- Department Anaesthesia, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Binshui Road, 45, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Liu
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin JinJing Road, 26, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Zhongqi Zhongxin (Tianjin) Industrial Design Co., Ltd., Huixue Road 1, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300382, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin JinJing Road, 26, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Bingjing Li
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin JinJing Road, 26, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Mingrui Liu
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Gaoling Yang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ti Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, DongAn Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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Ma Y, Shi L, Yue H, Gao X. Recognition at chiral interfaces: From molecules to cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Wang X, Wang M, Lei R, Zhu SF, Zhao Y, Chen C. Chiral Surface of Nanoparticles Determines the Orientation of Adsorbed Transferrin and Its Interaction with Receptors. ACS NANO 2017; 11:4606-4616. [PMID: 28460159 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
When nanoparticles are exposed to a physiological environment, a "protein corona" is formed that greatly determines their biological fate. Adsorption of proteins could be influenced by chiral surfaces of nanoparticles; however, very few quantitative studies are available on the interaction of protein with the chiral surface of nanoparticles, and the underlying mechanism remains largely unresolved. We have developed a strategy to quantitatively analyze the adsorption and conformational features of transferrin on gold nanoparticles that are functionalized with d, l, and racemic penicillamine. We used a quartz microbalance platform to monitor the interaction of the adsorbed transferrin with transferrin receptors in HEK cell-derived liposomes. Results show that the chiral surface of nanoparticle determines the orientation and conformation of transferrin, which subsequently affects the interaction and recognition of transferrin with its receptor on the cellular membrane. Transferrin is widely used as a tumor-targeting ligand in cancer treatment and diagnosis since the transferrin receptor is overexpressed on the cell membrane of various types of cancer cells. Thus, the present results will help to expand the knowledge on biological identity of nanoparticles with chiral surfaces in a physiological environment and provide an insight into the rational design of therapeutic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- College of Science, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingzhe Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Rong Lei
- Institute of Plant Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine , Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shui Fang Zhu
- Institute of Plant Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine , Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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Fernandes C, Tiritan ME, Pinto M. Small Molecules as Chromatographic Tools for HPLC Enantiomeric Resolution: Pirkle-Type Chiral Stationary Phases Evolution. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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West C, Guenegou G, Zhang Y, Morin-Allory L. Insights into chiral recognition mechanisms in supercritical fluid chromatography. II. Factors contributing to enantiomer separation on tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) of amylose and cellulose stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2033-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Synthesis and complexation study of calix[4]arene diamine derivative incorporated in a polymeric backbone with chiral monomers. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-010-9820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Chen J, Li MZ, Xiao YH, Chen W, Li SR, Bai ZW. The comparison in enantioseparation ability of the chiral stationary phases with single and mixed selector-The selectors derived from two D-tartrates. Chirality 2010; 23:228-36. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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9
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Kafri R, Markovitch O, Lancet D. Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in early molecular networks. Biol Direct 2010; 5:38. [PMID: 20507625 PMCID: PMC2894767 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6150-5-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important facet of early biological evolution is the selection of chiral enantiomers for molecules such as amino acids and sugars. The origin of this symmetry breaking is a long-standing question in molecular evolution. Previous models addressing this question include particular kinetic properties such as autocatalysis or negative cross catalysis. RESULTS We propose here a more general kinetic formalism for early enantioselection, based on our previously described Graded Autocatalysis Replication Domain (GARD) model for prebiotic evolution in molecular assemblies. This model is adapted here to the case of chiral molecules by applying symmetry constraints to mutual molecular recognition within the assembly. The ensuing dynamics shows spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, with transitions towards stationary compositional states (composomes) enriched with one of the two enantiomers for some of the constituent molecule types. Furthermore, one or the other of the two antipodal compositional states of the assembly also shows time-dependent selection. CONCLUSION It follows that chiral selection may be an emergent consequence of early catalytic molecular networks rather than a prerequisite for the initiation of primeval life processes. Elaborations of this model could help explain the prevalent chiral homogeneity in present-day living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kafri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Omer Markovitch
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Doron Lancet
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Tian Q, Lv C, Ren L, Zhou Z. Direct Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by LC on Amylose Tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) Stationary Phase under Reversed Phase Conditions. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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11
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Del Rio A. Exploring enantioselective molecular recognition mechanisms with chemoinformatic techniques. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1566-84. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Jozwiak K, Moaddel R, Ravichandran S, Plazinska A, Kozak J, Patel S, Yamaguchi R, Wainer I. Exploring enantiospecific ligand-protein interactions using cellular membrane affinity chromatography: chiral recognition as a dynamic process. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 875:200-7. [PMID: 18723411 PMCID: PMC2642892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 07/09/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The chiral recognition mechanisms responsible for the enantioselective binding on the alpha3beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha3 beta4 nAChR) and human organic cation transporter 1 (hOCT1) have been reviewed. The results indicate that chiral recognition on the alpha3beta4 nAChR is a process involving initial tethering of dextromethorphan and levomethorphan at hydrophobic pockets within the central lumen followed by hydrogen bonding interactions favoring dextromethorphan. The second step is the defining enantioselective step. Studies with the hOCT1 indentified four binding sites within the transporter that participated in chiral recognition. Each of the enantiomers of the compounds used in the study interacted with three of these sites, while (R)-verapamil interacted with all four. Chiral recognition arose from the conformational adjustments required to produce optimum interactions. With respect to the prevailing interaction-based models, the data suggest that chiral recognition is a dynamic process and that the static point-based models should be amended to reflect this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jozwiak
- Laboratory of Drug-Receptor Interactions, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Gerontology Research Center, National institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sarangan Ravichandran
- Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute-Frederick/SAIC, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Anita Plazinska
- Laboratory of Drug-Receptor Interactions, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kozak
- Laboratory of Drug-Receptor Interactions, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sharvil Patel
- Gerontology Research Center, National institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Cadilia Healthcare Ltd., Ahmedabad – 380015, Gujarat, India
| | - Rika Yamaguchi
- Gerontology Research Center, National institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Irving Wainer
- Gerontology Research Center, National institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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13
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Del Rio A, Gasteiger J. Simple method for the prediction of the separation of racemates with high-performance liquid chromatography on Whelk-O1 chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1185:49-58. [PMID: 18272162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Revised: 12/13/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the prediction of whether or not a racemate can be separated on a Whelk-O1 chiral stationary phase has been developed. In this approach, molecules are represented by counting the number of atom types of the neighbors spheres of the chiral center. A decision tree is then used to decide based on a few of these atom count descriptors whether a given racemate can be separated. High values of correct prediction were obtained, namely with more than 94% for training sets and of about 90% for cross-validation results. The same rate of correct prediction was also obtained on an external data set. The descriptors can be rapidly and easily retrieved by just counting the atom types around the chiral center by inspecting the chemical diagram of the molecule. Furthermore, the decision tree model can be applied through the use of a small set of rules that eventually predicts whether or not a racemate is separated. Due to its computational simplicity, the procedure is of interest for experimentalists that need to make rapid assessment of the separation without having to program or input complex formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Del Rio
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, Erlangen, Germany.
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14
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Mallakpour S, Seyedjamali H. Synthesis and characterization of novel organosoluble and optically active aromatic polyesters containing l-methionine and phthalimide pendent groups. Amino Acids 2007; 34:531-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Kahle KA, Foley JP. Review of aqueous chiral electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) with an emphasis on chiral microemulsion EKC. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:2503-26. [PMID: 17657766 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The separation of enantiomers using electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) with chiral microemulsions is comprehensively reviewed through December 1, 2006. Aqueous chiral EKC separations based on other pseudostationary phases such as micelles and vesicles or on other chiral selectors such as CDs, crown ethers, glycopeptides, ligand exchange moeities are also reviewed from both mechanistic and applications perspective for the period of January 2005 to December 1, 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Kahle
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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16
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Tian Q, Lv C, Wang P, Ren L, Qiu J, Li L, Zhou Z. Enantiomeric separation of chiral pesticides by high performance liquid chromatography on cellulose tris-3,5-dimethyl carbamate stationary phase under reversed phase conditions. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:310-21. [PMID: 17396588 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Twenty chiral pesticides were tested, of which seven samples were directly separated by HPLC using cellulose tris-3,5-dimethyl carbamate (CDMPC) chiral stationary phase under RP conditions. The influence of mobile phase composition and column temperatures from 0 degrees C to 40 degrees C on the separations were investigated. The mobile phases were methanol/water or ACN/water at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min with UV detection at 230 or 210 nm. Epoxiconazole, terallethrin, benalaxyl, and diclofopmethyl were observed to obtain the baseline separation under suitable conditions and other pesticides pyriproxyfen, lactofen, and quizalofop-ethyl were separated partially. The retention factors (k) and selectivity factor (alpha) for the enantiomers of most investigated pesticides decreased upon increasing the temperature except for the selectivity factors (alpha) of pyriproxyfen in methanol/water. The ln alpha - 1/T plots for racemic chiral pesticides were linear at the range of 0-40 except for that of pyriproxyfen enantiomers in methanol/water and the chiral separations were controlled by enthalpy. Better separations were not always at low temperature. The elution orders of the eluting enantiomers were determined by a circular dichroism (CD) detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China
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17
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McConnell O, Bach A, Balibar C, Byrne N, Cai Y, Carter G, Chlenov M, Di L, Fan K, Goljer I, He Y, Herold D, Kagan M, Kerns E, Koehn F, Kraml C, Marathias V, Marquez B, McDonald L, Nogle L, Petucci C, Schlingmann G, Tawa G, Tischler M, Williamson RT, Sutherland A, Watts W, Young M, Zhang MY, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Ho D. Enantiomeric separation and determination of absolute stereochemistry of asymmetric molecules in drug discovery—Building chiral technology toolboxes. Chirality 2007; 19:658-82. [PMID: 17390370 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The application of Chiral Technology, or the (extensive) use of techniques or tools for the determination of absolute stereochemistry and the enantiomeric or chiral separation of racemic small molecule potential lead compounds, has been critical to successfully discovering and developing chiral drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. This has been due to the rapid increase over the past 10-15 years in potential drug candidates containing one or more asymmetric centers. Based on the experiences of one pharmaceutical company, a summary of the establishment of a Chiral Technology toolbox, including the implementation of known tools as well as the design, development, and implementation of new Chiral Technology tools, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver McConnell
- Wyeth Research, Chemical and Screening Sciences, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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18
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Montanari MLC, Cass QB, Leitão A, Andricopulo AD, Montanari CA. The role of molecular interaction fields on enantioselective and nonselective separation of chiral sulfoxides. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1121:64-75. [PMID: 16716332 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 03/30/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The separation of a series of 23 asymmetric sulfoxides, including the three proton pump inhibitors (PPI) omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole was investigated by HPLC, under reversed-phase elution with amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), amylose tris[(S)-1-phenylethylcarbamate] and amylose tris(3,5-dimethoxyphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phases, CSP1-3, respectively. The whole set of sulfoxides showed better enantioselectivity and enantioresolution on CSP1. However, the three PPI were enantioseparated only when using CSP1 and CSP3. It was observed an improved enantioselectivity and enantioresolution on CSP3. The mechanisms of retention were evaluated by molecular interaction fields (MIF) generated via GRID force field, which yielded the geometric reasons leading to the scenario outlined. The enantioselective and nonselective interactions are discussed in terms of the reported selectivity. The steric structural outline of the CSP nonselective interaction sites is of major importance to deliver the sulfoxides to the chiral selective sites where the enantioselective interactions take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L C Montanari
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905 São Carlos/SP, Brazil
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Chiral discrimination of ibuprofen isomers in β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: experimental (NMR) and theoretical (MD, MM/GBSA) studies. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Lin X, Zhu C, Hao A. Enantioseparation in capillary electrophoresis using 2-O-(2-hydroxybutyl)-β-CD as a chiral selector. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:3890-6. [PMID: 16167313 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The resolving ability of 2-O-(2-hydroxybutyl)-beta-CD (HB-beta-CD) with different degrees of substitution (DS = 2.9 and 4.0) as a chiral selector in CZE is reported in this work. Fourteen chiral drugs belonging to different classes of compounds of pharmaceutical interest such as beta-agonists, antifungal agents, ageneric agents, etc., were resolved. The effects of the DS of HB-beta-CD on separations were also investigated. The chiral resolution (R(s)) was strongly influenced by the concentrations of the CD derivative, the BGE, and the pH of the BGE. Under the conditions of 50 mmol/L Tris-phosphate buffer at pH 2.5 containing 5 mmol/L HB-beta-CD, all 14 analytes were separated. The very low concentration necessary to obtain separation was particularly impressive. The DS had a significant effect on the resolution of the chiral drugs and the ionic strength of the separation media; hence, the use of a well-characterized CD derivative is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, P. R. China
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21
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Montanari MLC, Cass QB, Andricopulo AD, Leitão A, Montanari CA. Identification of chiral selectors for improved enantioseparation based on molecular interaction fields. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Del Rio A, Piras P, Roussel C. Data mining and enantiophore studies on chiral stationary phases used in HPLC separation. Chirality 2005; 17 Suppl:S74-83. [PMID: 15768399 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
ChirBase database has been employed to mine the chemical structures of compounds resolved on common commercial chiral stationary phases (CSP). Different data sets were produced. The molecular fingerprint (enantiophore) strategy was then applied over these data sets. Enantiophores are identified by analyzing and mapping the three-dimensional common structural features shared by the ligand molecules imported from ChirBase. Such lists of encoded ligand enantiophores allowed us to generate 3D maps of the molecular interacting fragments, which are supposed to act reciprocally with each CSP. Results show that each CSP is combined with different preferential enantiophore counterparts in the ligand. These differences may be well related to the particular behavior of a given CSP to separate different families of compounds. As expected, supramolecular cellulosic or amylosic CSPs show generalist behavior by resolving a wide range of racemates. On the other hand, molecular CSPs based on a well-defined chiral receptor (such as Whelk-O1 or Chirobiotic T) appear to be more specific and thus specially adapted for more restrictive families of compounds. In addition, enantiophore analyses confirm that the supramolecular CSPs can combine multiple potential binding sites and so offer numerous enantioselective mechanisms toward a ligand. Inversely, on molecular CSPs, the ligand must respect strict geometrical constraints to make possible the chiral discrimination. Additional applications of the methodology are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Del Rio
- UMR Chirotechnologies: Catalyse et Biocatalyse, Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille III, Marseille, France.
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