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Tantawy MA, Aboul-Enein HY, Yehia AM. Resolving phenylephrine HCl and guaifenesin enantiomers on cellulose-based chiral stationary phases: Separation of four enantiomers on 50-mm column. Chirality 2023; 35:1019-1028. [PMID: 37574853 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Chiral high performance liquid chromatographic technique usually employs polysaccharide-based stationary phases in a normal phase mode. This frequently generates large waste of organic solvents. Using shorter columns of 50 mm length as well as a mobile phase with a high water percentage are common approaches for greening this analytical technique. In this context, a new chiral chromatographic technique was developed for simultaneous enantio-separation of phenylephrine HCl and guaifenesin racemates. Four 50 mm cellulose-based columns were experimented to separate the four enantiomers in a reversed phase mode. A face centered design was then employed to optimize the mobile phase acetonitrile% and flow rate on Lux Cellulose-1 (50 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The simultaneous resolution of the cited drugs enantiomers was achieved using acetonitrile-water (30:70, by volume), with a flow rate of 0.5 ml min-1 . These optimized chromatographic conditions separate the enantiomers in 7 min running time, generating about 1.0 ml acetonitrile per run. The proposed method was favorably compared with other reported chiral ones in terms of waste volume generated and analysis time required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Tantawy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali M Yehia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
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Sadeghi M, Cascella F, Tenberg V, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Lorenz H. Solubility analysis of pharmaceuticals guaifenesin, ketoprofen, and artemisinin in different solvents. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Bhushan R. Liquid chromatographic enantioseparation, determination, bioassay and isolation of enantiomers of Ketorolac: A review. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2021.00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractKetorolac (Ket) is a potent non-narcotic analgesic drug (among the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). The physiological activity of Ket resides with (S)-(−)-Ket while the drug is marketed and administered as a racemic mixture. Therefore, it is desirable that the pharmacokinetics is measured and quantified for enantiomers individually and not as a total drug. The present paper is focused on relevant literature on LC enantioseparation of (RS)-Ket along with bioassay, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies within the discipline of analytical chemistry. HPLC and Thin layer chromatography (TLC) methods using both direct and indirect approaches are discussed. The methods provide chirality recognition even in the absence of pure enantiomers. Besides, a brief discussion on resolution by crystallization and enzymatic methods is included. The most interesting aspects include establishment of structure and molecular asymmetry of diastereomeric derivatives using LC-MS, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and by drawing conformations in three dimensional views by using certain software. A brief discussion has also been provided on the recovery of native enantiomers by TLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
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Hassan RM, Saleh OA, El-Azzouny AA, Aboul-Enein HY, Fouad MA. Experimental design optimization of simultaneous enantiomeric separation of atenolol and chlorthalidone binary mixture by high-performance liquid chromatography using polysaccharide-based stationary phases. Chirality 2021; 33:397-408. [PMID: 33964031 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, enantiomeric separation of a drug combination of two chiral drugs, namely, atenolol and chlorthalidone, is described. Prior investigation of the effect of different variables on the resolution of the enantiomers' peaks and the total run time represented by the retention time of the last eluted peak was conducted using face-centered composite design. Twenty-two experiments were carried out by varying the chiral stationary phase type as a categorical factor and mobile phase composition including the percentage of ethanol and percentage of diethylamine as continuous factors. According to the optimization process, a mobile phase consisting of hexane:ethanol:DEA:TFA (60:40:0.2:0.1%, v/v/v/v) pumped at flow rate 1 ml min-1 onto Lux-Cellulose 2 stationary phase was applied for the chiral separation and quantification of the drug combination at 230 nm. Application of the developed method to the pharmaceutical formulation of this combination was successfully performed, and satisfactory percentage of recoveries was obtained. The method was also fully validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. This method could be of high value and relevance for application in quality control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Hassan
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola A Saleh
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Aida A El-Azzouny
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Tantawy MA, Yehia AM, Aboul-Enein HY. Simultaneous determination of guaifenesin enantiomers and ambroxol HCl using 50-mm chiral column for a negligible environmental impact. Chirality 2019; 31:835-844. [PMID: 31368587 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chiral stationary phases are conveniently used for enantiomeric separation of drugs by liquid chromatography. Consumption of large volumes of hazardous solvents is considered as a common challenge for the sustainability of this technique. To this end, a columnar chromatography has been adopted using 50-mm-length stationary phases. The study comprised five Phenomenex Lux cellulose- and amylose-based columns for the separation of guaifenesin (GUA) enantiomers. In addition, an experimental design was used to optimize the gradient profile for the separation of racemic GUA and ambroxol HCl (AMB) binary mixture. The chromatographic method was achieved using Lux Cellulose-1 (50 × 4.6 mm) as a chiral stationary phase and ethanol/water as a mobile phase with linear gradient elution of 20% to 70% ethanol in 6 minutes at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 and UV detection at 270 nm. Linearity ranges were found to be 50 to 1000 μg mL-1 and 15 to 450 μg mL-1 for each GUA enantiomer and AMB, respectively. Environmental, health and safety tool was used to assess and compare greenness of the proposed and reported methods. Short column indeed reduces the environmental impact by decreasing waste by about 60% and utilizing only 1-mL ethanol in the mobile phase. The proposed method is a safer alternative for the simultaneous determination of drugs in their combined pharmaceutical formulation. The method has been validated and compared favorably with a reported one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Tantawy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali M Yehia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
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Malik P, Bhushan R. Ligand Exchange Thin Layer Chromatographic Enantioresolution of (RS)-Ketorolac and (RS)-Etodolac and Recovery of Native Enantiomers. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:511-517. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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Mohammed MA, Attia AK, Elwy HM. Electrochemical Sensor Based on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube, Alizarine Red S and Chitosan for Simultaneous Determination of Oxomemazine Hydrochloride, Paracetamol and Guaifenesin. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona A. Mohammed
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research; P. O. Box 29 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ali K. Attia
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research; P. O. Box 29 Cairo Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Elwy
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research; P. O. Box 29 Cairo Egypt
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Lal M, Bhushan R. Analytical and semi-preparative enantioresolution of (RS)-ketorolac from pharmaceutical formulation and in human plasma by HPLC. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1526-34. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Lal
- Department of Chemistry; Lovely Professional University; Phagwara (Punjab) 144411 India
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247667 India
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Shen Z, Lv C, Zeng S. Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism. J Pharm Anal 2016; 6:1-10. [PMID: 29403956 PMCID: PMC5762452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereoselectivity in drug metabolism can not only influence the pharmacological activities, tolerability, safety, and bioavailability of drugs directly, but also cause different kinds of drug-drug interactions. Thus, assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism is of great significance for pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and rational use in clinic. Although there are various methods available for assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism, many of them have shortcomings. The indirect method of chromatographic methods can only be applicable to specific samples with functional groups to be derivatized or form complex with a chiral selector, while the direct method achieved by chiral stationary phases (CSPs) is expensive. As a detector of chromatographic methods, mass spectrometry (MS) is highly sensitive and specific, whereas the matrix interference is still a challenge to overcome. In addition, the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and immunoassay in chiral analysis are worth noting. This review presents several typical examples of drug stereoselective metabolism and provides a literature-based evaluation on current chiral analytical techniques to show the significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowei Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuang Lv
- Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Dou X, Su X, Wang Y, Chen Y, Shen W. Studies on Pidotimod Enantiomers With Chiralpak-IA: Crystal Structure, Thermodynamic Parameters and Molecular Docking. Chirality 2015; 27:802-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Dou
- School of Sciences; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xin Su
- School of Sciences; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Sciences; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yadong Chen
- School of Sciences; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Weiyang Shen
- School of Sciences; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
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