Strategy Approach for Direct Enantioseparation of Hyoscyamine Sulfate and Zopiclone on a Chiral α l -Acid Glycoprotein Column and Determination of Their Eutomers: Thermodynamic Study of Complexation: ENANTIOSEPARATION OF HYOSCYAMINE SULFATE AND ZOPICLONE

MIL-53(Fe)-derived ant nest structured porous carbon nanospheres CuFeS2 /C for the determination of atropine enantiomeric impurity L-hyoscyamine

In this work, an ant nest structured porous carbon nanosphere had been developed for the recognition detection of the atropine (ATP) enantiomers D-hyoscyamine (D-HSM) and L-hyoscyamine (L-HSM). Firstly, Fe-based organic framework was used as the substrate, and Cu ions and sulfur ions were separately introduced to obtain CuFeS₂ with ant nest structure by hydrothermal incubation. Then CuFeS₂ /C porous nanospheres (PNSs) were obtained by high-temperature calcination. The composite-modified electrode exhibited superior electrochemical performance for L-HSM due to the synergistic effect of CuFeS₂ cubic crystals and porous carbon, which has the high specific surface area of the ant nest structure. In addition, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) about L-HSM formed with sulfonated-β-cyclodextrin (S-β-CD) and L-arginine (L-Arg) by cyclic voltammetry showed strong chiral recognition of D/L-HSM (ATP). Therefore, a novel electrochemical sensor was constructed based on CuFeS₂ /C PNSs and MIP to detect L-HSM by differential pulse voltammetry. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current density of L-HSM showed a good linearity in the concentration range of 0.02-4.6 μM with LOD and LOQ of 0.45 and 1.5 nM, respectively. The oxidation peaks of L-HSM and D-HSM were successfully identified from the racemic ATP, and the oxidation peak potential difference (ΔE_p ) between them was 0.138 V. In conclusion, the sensor showed excellent reproducibility, repeatability, and stability and had been applied to the determination of L-HSM in human serum, saliva, and ATP sulfate tablets with satisfactory results.

Interpol review of controlled substances 2016-2019

This review paper covers the forensic-relevant literature in controlled substances from 2016 to 2019 as a part of the 19th Interpol International Forensic Science Managers Symposium. The review papers are also available at the Interpol website at: https://www.interpol.int/content/download/14458/file/Interpol%20Review%20Papers%202019.pdf.

Sol-gel technique for the preparation of β-cyclodextrin gold nanoparticles as chiral stationary phase in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography

A novel open-tubular capillary electrochromatography column coated with β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the sol-gel technique. In the sol-gel approach, owing to the three-dimensional network of sol-gel and the strong chemical bond between the stationary phase and the surface of capillary columns, good chromatographic characteristics and unique selectivity in separating enantiomers were shown. The influences of capillary inner diameter, coating time, organic modifier, buffer pH, and buffer concentration on separation were investigated. The sol-gel-coated β-cyclodextrin column has shown improved enantioseparation efficiency of chlorphenamine, brompheniramine, pheniramine, zopiclone in comparison with the sol-gel matrix capillary column. The migration time relative standard deviation of the separation of the enantiomers was less than 0.89% over five runs and 2.9% from column to column. This work confirmed that gold nanoparticles are promising electrochromatographic support to enhance the phase ratio of open-tubular capillary electrochromatography column in capillary electrochromatography.

Screening of drugs and homeopathic products from Atropa belladonna seed extracts: Tropane alkaloids determination and untargeted analysis

Homeopathic products are still a controversial issue in modern medicine, understood as complementary or alternative medicine (CAM). In this particular case, homeopathic products prepared from Atropa belladonna extracts may present specific problems due to the effects derived from its components. This article applies a simple, rapid, reliable method to the analysis of different homeopathic products obtained from Atropa belladonna; drugs containing high concentration of plant extracts; and Atropa belladonna seeds. The method was based on a simple solid-phase preconcentration method followed by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry using Exactive-Orbitrap as an analyser. An in-house database was set and atropine and scopolamine were the compounds detected at highest concentrations in homeopathic products from Atropa belladonna extracts (4.57 and 2.56 μg/kg, respectively), in Belladonna ointment (4007 and 1139 μg/kg, respectively) and Belladonna seeds (338 and 32.1 mg/kg, respectively). Other tropane alkaloids such as tropine, apoatropine, aposcopolamine, tropinone, homatropine, and anisodamine were detected at lower concentrations (0.04-1.36 μg/kg). When untargeted analysis was performed, other tropane alkaloids were identified in the tested samples, such as ecgonine (0.003 μg/kg), benzoylecgonine (0.56 μg/kg), calystegines A (19.6 μg/kg), B (33.1 μg/kg), and C (1.01 μg/kg). Finally other compounds present in the homeopathic products, such as sugars (fructose, glucose, and lactose) or amino acids (valine, ornithine, leucine, and phenylalanine), were identified.